Snapshot
Data as of 26 Oct 2026. Price is the NSE close of Rs 594.35 (+5.00%, locked at the upper circuit) after the stock opened at the 5% lower circuit and reversed on the 26 Oct 2026 capacity-addition filing (previous close Rs 565.10). Latest reported period: Q2 FY27 / H1 FY27 (quarter to 30 Sep 2026; board 16 Oct 2026; earnings call 16 Oct 2026; transcript filed on NSE 21 Oct 2026). Latest shareholding pattern: 30 Sep 2026 (filed 19 Oct 2026). Units Rs cr unless stated; per-share data on face value Re 1 after the 1:10 split (record date 5 Jun 2026). Where the six research files conflict with the primary-document ledger (7_primary: results filings, FY26 Annual Report, SHP XBRL, L&T SAST filings, AGM voting XBRL, CARE monitoring-agency reports), the primary ruling is used throughout this report.
| Market data | Value |
|---|---|
| CMP (26 Oct 2026, NSE close) | Rs 594.35 (+5.00%, upper circuit; opened at about Rs 537.75 lower circuit [Est.]) [Fact] |
| Previous close (23 Oct 2026) | Rs 565.10, the end of a seven-session fall from the results-day close of Rs 694.85 (another print Rs 698) |
| Shares outstanding | 20,55,64,890 of Re 1 (unchanged since the Feb-2026 QIP, post 1:10 split) |
| Market cap | Rs 12,218 cr (594.35 x 20.556 cr shares) [Est.] |
| Enterprise value | Rs 11,981 cr (mcap + debt incl. leases 497.1 - cash and bank 734.4); Rs 12,056 cr if the Rs 75.5 cr lien FDs are treated as restricted [Est.] |
| 52-week high / low | About Rs 765 (mid-Oct 2026, split-adjusted all-time high; other prints Rs 747.90 DSIJ, Rs 753.35 Google, Rs 769 Screener) / Rs 183.36 |
| P/E, TTM | 104.2x on TTM PAT Rs 117.3 cr (EPS Rs 5.71); 42.0x on Q2 FY27 annualised PAT Rs 290.8 cr [Est.] |
| EV / EBITDA | 31.0x TTM (EBITDA Rs 387.1 cr); 17.5x on Q2 annualised Rs 685.8 cr [Est.] |
| EV / Sales | 21.9x TTM (Rs 546.2 cr); 13.4x on Q2 annualised revenue Rs 895.0 cr (13.3x on exit MRR x 12 = Rs 901 cr) [Est.] |
| P/B | 6.77x on book value Rs 87.76 per share (Sep-26) [Est.] |
| Dividend / buyback | Never paid; no buyback in history; Dividend Distribution Policy adopted 24 Mar 2025 |
| Volume, 26 Oct 2026 | About 2.2 mn shares, NSE + BSE |
| Returns (Tickertape) | 1W -17.18%; 1M -7.55%; 3M +15.03%; 6M +94.75%; 1Y +76.48%; 3Y +1,094%; 5Y +11,221%; YTD about +200% |
| Volatility and technicals | Annualised volatility 57.5% (4.15x Nifty); 50-DMA Rs 639.8; 200-DMA Rs 401.7; RSI 33.7 |
| Price band / surveillance | 5% band since between 18 Feb and 21 Apr 2026; BSE short-term ASM Stage I 27 Jul to 14 Aug 2026; not under ASM or GSM at 26 Oct 2026 |
| Listing | NSE Emerge SME IPO 15 May 2018 (Rs 57 pre-split); NSE main board 12 Apr 2022; BSE direct listing 12 Jun 2026 (scrip 544783) |
| Index membership | Not Available: no index constituent listing found in any of the input files |
| Company overview | Detail |
|---|---|
| Legal name / CIN | E2E Networks Limited; L72900DL2009PLC341980 (Emkay pages print L67120MH1995PLC084899, which is Emkay's own CIN) |
| Incorporated | 20 Aug 2009 as a private company (subscribers Tarun Dua and Ashish Shukla); converted to public and renamed 14 Mar 2018 |
| Registered office | Uppal's Genesis A-32, Block B, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Estate, Badarpur, New Delhi 110044, w.e.f. 15 Jan 2026 (earlier Awfis, A-24/9 Mathura Road, Saidabad) |
| Promoter / MD | Tarun Dua (founder, MD, 36.31%); promoter group 39.40%; pledge nil; 60.46% of promoter shares under a Non-Disposal Undertaking in favour of L&T |
| Strategic investor | Larsen & Toubro Ltd 16.57% (3,40,66,483 shares, 30 Sep 2026), down from 18.45% at 30 Jun 2026 |
| Management | CFO Nitin Jain (from 18 Apr 2025); WTD and COO Srishti Baweja; WTD Megha Raheja; CTO K. R. Mohamed Imran; CRO Anand Ganapathy (24 Sep 2026); CBO Bakshish Dutta; CS Ronit |
| Employees | 207 permanent at 31 Mar 2026 (175 men, 32 women); 100+ engineers; attrition 33.5% FY26 |
| Business | NVIDIA GPU cloud (B200, H200, H100, RTX PRO 6000 and older), CPU cloud, storage; TIR AI platform, Jarvislabs.ai, Sovereign Cloud Platform; single reportable segment |
| Footprint | About 5,100 cloud GPUs and about 9.2 MW in colocation data centres in Delhi NCR (Noida) and Chennai (L&T-Vyoma); +5.4 MW for HGX B300 filed 26 Oct 2026 |
| Subsidiaries | Sovcloud Technologies Ltd (WOS, incorporated 17 Jun 2026, not yet operating); a Delaware entity is mentioned by management but not filed or consolidated |
| Auditor | GSA & Associates LLP (partner Tanuj Chugh), FY23 to FY27; FY26 unmodified, with a Sec 197 excess-remuneration remark |
| Credit rating | [ICRA]A- (Stable) on Rs 1,000 cr bank facilities (Rs 450 cr term loans + Rs 550 cr proposed), 27 Nov 2025 |
| RTA / IR | MUFG Intime India; IR agency Adfactors PR (from 27 Apr 2026) |
| Shareholders | 1,15,125 (Sep 2026), up from 86,433 (Jun 2026) |
Quick Verdict Scorecard
Headline KPIs
Monthly revenue run-rate (exit MRR), Sep-22 to Sep-26
Q2 FY27 results at a glance (standalone; consolidated identical)
| Rs cr | Q2 FY27 | Q1 FY27 | Q2 FY26 | YoY | QoQ | H1 FY27 | H1 FY26 | FY26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue from operations | 223.76 | 156.76 | 43.80 | +410.9% | +42.7% | 380.52 | 79.92 | 245.58 |
| EBITDA ex-other income [Est.] | 171.46 | 117.90 | 18.00 | +852.6% | +45.4% | 289.37 | 28.52 | 126.26 |
| EBITDA margin | 76.6% | 75.2% | 41.1% | +35.5 pp | +1.4 pp | 76.0% | 35.7% | 51.4% |
| Other income | 9.93 | 11.42 | 8.30 | n.a. | n.a. | 21.35 | 23.30 | 34.01 |
| Depreciation and amortisation | 73.97 | 60.64 | 42.80 | +72.8% | +22.0% | 134.61 | 70.23 | 169.23 |
| Finance cost | 10.30 | 10.05 | 2.00 | +415% | +2.5% | 20.35 | 3.83 | 12.24 |
| PBT | 97.13 | 58.63 | (18.49) | n.m. | +65.7% | 155.75 | (22.25) | (21.20) |
| Tax (all deferred) | 24.42 | 14.74 | (5.03) | n.a. | n.a. | 39.17 | (5.94) | (5.63) |
| PAT | 72.71 | 43.88 | (13.46) | turnaround | +65.7% | 116.59 | (16.30) | (15.57) |
| EPS basic / diluted, Rs (FV Re 1) | 3.54 / 3.48 | 2.14 / 2.10 | (0.67) / (0.66) | n.a. | n.a. | 5.67 / 5.58 | (0.82) / (0.80) | (0.78) / (0.76) |
| Exit MRR (end of period) | 75.1 | 71.8 | 16.0 | +369% | +4.6% | 75.1 | 16.0 | 37.4 |
Source: Q2 FY27 board outcome (16 Oct 2026, PDF p.3), converted from Rs lakh; consolidated PAT Rs 72.70 cr (Sovcloud not yet operating). EBITDA = revenue less purchases, employee and other expenses; ties to the deck's Rs 1,715 / 1,179 / 180 mn. Q2 FY26 tax is current nil, earlier years (0.41), deferred (4.62).
Valuation snapshot at Rs 594.35
| Metric | Value | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Market cap | Rs 12,218 cr | 594.35 x 20.556 cr shares |
| Plus debt incl. leases | Rs 497.1 cr | borrowings 450.38 + leases 46.77 (Sep-26) |
| Less cash and bank | Rs 734.4 cr | 599.41 cash + 134.99 other bank (incl. 75.5 lien FDs) |
| Enterprise value | Rs 11,981 cr | StockAnalysis Rs 11,980 cr |
| P/E TTM / run-rate | 104.2x / 42.0x | TTM PAT 117.3; Q2 x 4 = 290.8 |
| EV / EBITDA TTM / run-rate | 31.0x / 17.5x | 387.1 / 685.8 |
| EV / Sales TTM / run-rate | 21.9x / 13.4x | 546.2 / 895.0 (13.3x on MRR x 12) |
| P/B | 6.77x | BVPS Rs 87.76 |
| P/OCF TTM | 25.2x | OCF Rs 485.5 cr (flattered by a Rs 129.81 cr OCL inflow) |
| FCF yield TTM | -1.0% | FCF -Rs 122.8 cr |
| 3-yr average FY-end EV/EBITDA (FY24-FY26) | 34.1x | StockAnalysis; current TTM about 9% below |
Open status items
| Item | Status at 26 Oct 2026 |
|---|---|
| Second 1,024+ B200 tranche | "In deployment"; management expects go-live in Q3 FY27 ("this quarter"); no contract decided for it (Q2 call); slipped about two quarters vs the ICRA-cited plan |
| 5.4 MW addition for HGX B300 / Blackwell | Filed 26 Oct 2026; no cost, timeline, location or GPU count; funding "a mix of internal accruals and Debt" |
| Rs 1,500 cr equity enabling (QIP / rights / FPO) | Passed at the 28 Sep 2026 AGM (99.9988%); not launched (no FRC or placement filing) |
| Rs 1,000 cr sovereign AI contract | Binding term sheet (31 Aug 2026), counterparty unnamed; no definitive agreement disclosed |
| Rs 129.81 cr rise in other current liabilities (H1 FY27) | Composition undisclosed; customer advance under the sovereign deal is plausible, unconfirmed |
| L&T stake | 16.57% at 30 Sep 2026 (sold 38,66,807 shares, 1.88%, after 31 Aug); no SAST disclosure found; next read in the Dec-2026 SHP |
| IndiaAI allocations (Rs 177 cr Gnani.ai, Rs 88 cr GAN AI) | 12-month / 360-day terms from about Aug 2025 to Jan 2026 starts; renewals due in about Q3-Q4 FY27; Round 4 (Blackwell) financial results not public |
| ICRA surveillance | Annual review due about Nov 2026; no 2026 action found |
| Stamp-duty writ (Rs 2.53 cr) | Delhi HC interim stay subject to a Rs 1.25 cr FDR; pending |
| Q3 FY27 results | Expected mid-Jan 2027 (Q3 FY26 board was 15 Jan 2026) [Est.] |
Data freshness: price 26 Oct 2026 NSE close; financials to Q2 FY27 (30 Sep 2026); shareholding 30 Sep 2026 (SHP XBRL); exchange feeds and primary PDFs downloaded 26 Oct 2026.
Analyst Notes
[Analyst View] Aamara Capital, 26 Oct 2026
What happened. E2E spent FY26 as a loss-maker carrying a GPU fleet that had been paid for but was not yet earning: revenue Rs 245.58 cr, depreciation Rs 169.23 cr (68.9% of revenue), PAT -Rs 15.57 cr, utilisation of 50-65% for most of the year. Then one asset changed the P&L. The first cluster of 1,024 NVIDIA B200 GPUs, booked as Rs 533.45 cr of CWIP at March 2026, went live at the L&T-Vyoma data centre in Chennai in mid-to-late May 2026. Exit MRR went from Rs 37.4 cr (Mar-26) to Rs 71.8 cr (Jun-26) and Rs 75.1 cr (Sep-26). Q2 FY27 revenue was Rs 223.76 cr (+410.9% YoY), EBITDA Rs 171.46 cr (76.6%) and PAT Rs 72.71 cr; H1 FY27 EBITDA of Rs 289.37 cr is 2.3x all of FY26. The growth is real, it is in the filed numbers, and even the bears on ValuePickr and Substack accept it.
What the headline hides. Three things. First, the Rs 1,000 cr "sovereign AI" deal of 31 Aug 2026 is not new capacity. Management said on the Q2 call that it is "the existing B200 which got converted from pay-as-you-go to a multiyear contract", and the flagship Blackwell capacity is "fully utilized" in it. Spread over 34 months from Sep 2026 to Jun 2029 it is about Rs 29.4 cr a month, roughly 39% of Sep-26 exit MRR, from one unnamed counterparty, on a binding term sheet rather than a disclosed definitive agreement. It works out to about Rs 393 per GPU-hour, nearly 3x the IndiaAI H100 L1 rate of about Rs 140, which is why Q2 margins look the way they do [Est.]. Second, growth has stalled until new capacity lands: exit MRR rose only 4.6% in Q2 because no GPU went live after May, and Q2 revenue (Rs 74.6 cr a month) already equals the exit run-rate. Q3 FY27 depends on the second 1,024 B200 tranche, which management has now guided four times (Nov 2025, Apr 2026, Jul 2026, Oct 2026) and which has no customer contract yet. Third, H1 FY27 operating cash flow of Rs 396.49 cr (137% of EBITDA) leans on a Rs 129.81 cr jump in "other current liabilities" whose composition is not disclosed, and two lines in the filed cash-flow statement (other current assets, lease payments) do not tie to the balance sheet. Ex-OCL, OCF was about 92% of EBITDA, which is healthy but ordinary.
What the market is pricing. At Rs 594.35 the stock is on 104x trailing earnings, 6.8x book and 21.9x trailing EV/Sales. On the Q2 run-rate it is 42x earnings and 17.5x EV/EBITDA. Trailing EV/EBITDA of 31.0x is above CoreWeave (20x TTM, but with 9x debt/EBITDA), while the 17.5x run-rate is below it; both are far below Nebius (177x, pre-scale); against private Indian marks (Yotta at about 38x FY26 revenue, CtrlS about 29x) it is not an outlier. The market is capitalising three assumptions: that 70%-plus EBITDA margins survive the next cohorts, that the Indian sovereign-compute scarcity premium lasts, and that the next Rs 2,000 cr or so of capex earns what the first B200 cluster did.
What tempers it: the capital treadmill. Tranche 2 needs roughly Rs 430 cr (the capex letter of credit, backed by Rs 75.5 cr of lien FDs, is the best primary proxy; tranche 1 cost Rs 600-650 cr). The 5.4 MW HGX B300 addition filed today implies roughly 2,500-3,000 GPUs and about Rs 1,300-1,700 cr of capex on my central estimate; the company gave no number. Against that sit Rs 102.43 cr of unspent QIP money, H1 EBITDA of Rs 289.37 cr, and borrowings that already went from Rs 103.20 cr to Rs 450.38 cr in six months. The Rs 1,500 cr equity enabling is about 12.3% dilution at today's price, and the borrowing ceiling was lifted to Rs 10,000 cr with 76% of institutional votes against. Depreciation is a 6-year straight-line policy (FY26 AR Note 2.2(iv)); at a 5-year life annual D&A rises by about Rs 55 cr (about 14% of run-rate PBT of Rs 388 cr), and at 4 years by about Rs 136 cr (about 35%) on the same basis; 4_market's larger gross-block estimate puts the 4-year hit at about Rs 200 cr, roughly half [Est.]. Management will not guide on utilisation, contracted mix, capex or MRR any more, after a year in which it gave numbers on all of them.
What tempers it: governance and the L&T drift. The audit is clean and the founder's pay is modest, but the file has lapses that matter for a company about to raise Rs 1,500 cr. At the 28 Sep 2026 AGM the promoter group voted 7,79,11,050 shares for the material-RPT resolution with L&T and the form declared promoters "not interested", which sits uneasily with LODR Reg 23(4). FY26 director pay exceeded Sec 197 limits (Rs 3.20 cr, waived). NSE and BSE each fined the company Rs 11,800 for not intimating the 31 Aug board meeting. The 60% promoter encumbrance that aggregators label a pledge is in fact a Non-Disposal Undertaking in favour of L&T (no pledge exists). L&T itself sold 38,66,807 shares (1.88%) after 31 Aug 2026 with no disclosure found, replaced its data-centre nominee with its M&A head, and its own unit is building a 10,000-GPU B300 factory for Together AI on the same Chennai campus. Management now calls the relationship "completely arm's length". L&T is E2E's landlord, channel, customer, shareholder and, increasingly, competitor.
Positives that are easy to miss. The unit economics of the first B200 cluster are excellent: about Rs 533 cr of cost against about Rs 1,000 cr of contracted revenue over 34 months, roughly 1.9x [Est.]. Tax is entirely deferred (no current tax in FY26 or H1 FY27), so cash earnings exceed PAT. The balance sheet is still net cash of Rs 237.2 cr including leases, with ICRA A- (Stable), interest cover of 16.6x on Q2 EBITDA and lenders (Axis, HDFC) lending at 7.75-8.60%. GPU rental indices rose about 40% from the 2025 trough and E2E raised list prices on 1 Jul 2026. Older hardware is still selling above book (H1 FY27 asset sales Rs 9.97 cr at a Rs 5.18 cr gain). FPIs doubled to 2.53% in Q2. Management's financial targets from FY25-FY26 (MRR, FY26 revenue, utilisation, margin) were met or beaten; only hardware timing has been consistently late.
Where I land. TRACK. This is a genuine inflection in a company with real software and a sovereign niche, but at 104x trailing and 42x run-rate I would be paying for tranche 2, the B300 build and the sovereign premium before any of them is contracted, funded or priced, from a management that has stopped disclosing the metrics needed to check. The dated triggers in Tab 13 (tranche-2 go-live and contracting in Q3 FY27, the size and price of the Rs 1,500 cr raise, a definitive sovereign agreement, the Dec-2026 L&T holding, ICRA surveillance, IndiaAI renewals, the OCL breakdown) would move it to ENGAGE or DECLINE.
Reconciled numbers used in every tab
| Item | Value used | Basis and alternatives |
|---|---|---|
| Sovereign contract monthly value | About Rs 29.4 cr a month; about 39% of Sep-26 exit MRR (Rs 75.1 cr) [Est.] | Rs 1,000 cr over 34 months (1 Sep 2026 to 30 Jun 2029). On 36 months (Jul-26 start): Rs 27.8 cr, 37% |
| Implied B200 contract rate | About Rs 393 per GPU-hour (about US$4.1 at Rs 95/$) [Est.] | 1,024 GPUs x 730 hours a month, 100% availability, incl. allied services. 36-month basis about Rs 372-374 (5_narrative); 1_business's Rs 390-400 / US$4.5 used a lower FX rate |
| Sovereign + IndiaAI share of revenue | About 52-54% [Est.] | 39% + 13-15% (CFO, Q2 call), assuming no overlap |
| Tranche-2 B200 cost proxy | Rs 430 cr capex LC (CARE MAR) [Fact] | Tranche 1 cost Rs 600-650 cr (Q3 FY26 call); CWIP Rs 533.45 cr booked |
| B200 capex per GPU | About Rs 52 lakh (book, 533.45 / 1,024) [Est.] | Dalal & Broacha about Rs 63 lakh all-in on Rs 650 cr |
| 5.4 MW B300 addition | About 2,500-3,000 GPUs; about Rs 1,300-1,700 cr [Est.] | Company gave neither; range across inputs 2,000-3,000 GPUs and Rs 1,150-2,000 cr (Tab 12) |
| RoE | TTM 6.7%; Q2 annualised 16.7% [Est.] | PAT 117.3 or 290.8 / average equity 1,744.6 |
| Net cash | Rs 237.2 cr incl. leases; Rs 284.0 cr excl. leases [Est.] | Sep-26 balance sheet |
| L&T stake | 16.57% (3,40,66,483 shares), 30 Sep 2026 [Fact] | 18.45% at 30 Jun 2026; 18.99% peak May 2025 |
| Promoter encumbrance | NDU in favour of L&T, 4,89,72,320 shares, 60.46% of promoter holding; pledge nil [Fact] | Not a pledge; not lender-related |
| 52-week range | Rs 183.36 to about Rs 765 | High prints Rs 747.90 to Rs 769 by source |
| Mar-26 shareholders | 70,605 (FY26 AR) | Screener 68,946 |
What the primary documents corrected in the earlier research files (conflict ledger C-1 to C-30)
| # | Item | Earlier claim (file) | Ruling carried in this report |
|---|---|---|---|
| C-1 | Promoter encumbrance | "About 60% pledged or encumbered" (6_heard, MarketsMojo, Screener, Tickertape); NDU counterparty "not disclosed" (3_gov); NDU "consistent with lender requirements" (1_business) | Non-Disposal Undertaking in favour of Larsen & Toubro, not a pledge: 4,89,72,320 shares, 60.46% of promoter holding, 23.82% of equity at 30 Sep 2026; pledge nil. Transfer-consent limb runs 3 years from 4 Dec 2024 (to about 4 Dec 2027); the no-encumbrance covenant has no stated expiry. Aggregator "pledge" label likely from the pre-2025 SHP tag "PledgedOrEncumbered" |
| C-2 | NDU start date | 4 Dec 2024 (6_heard) vs "24 Dec 2024 (Reg 31 disclosure)" (3_gov) | Restriction runs from 4 Dec 2024 (allotment / closing); the promoter's own Reg 31(1) form date is not verified |
| C-3 | L&T stake | 18.45% (1_business, 3_gov), 16.57% unverified (2_fin, 3_gov, 6_heard), 19% (ICRA) | 16.57% (3,40,66,483) at 30 Sep 2026; 18.45% (3,79,33,290) at 30 Jun 2026; ICRA's 19% is rounding of 18.99% / 18.86%. Sale of 38,66,807 shares after 31 Aug, mostly before 21 Sep, about 5 lakh 22-30 Sep |
| C-4 | Disclosure of the L&T sale | "Below 2%, no disclosure" (3_gov, 6_heard) | No entry in NSE SAST Reg 29 database after May 2025; disposal of 1.88% is below 2%; vs the last disclosed 18.99% the stake is down 2.42 pp, 0.54 pp of it passive dilution |
| C-5 | Registered office | Awfis, A-24/9 Mathura Road (entity pin) | Uppal's Genesis A-32, Block B, Badarpur, New Delhi 110044, w.e.f. 15 Jan 2026; Awfis still on stale letterheads |
| C-6 | GPU useful life | "Not stated" (2_fin); "implied 6-7 years" (4_market) | Straight-line; Computer Equipment 6 years, Computers 3 years (AR Note 2.2(iv)); "6-8 years" and "7, 8 year" are economic-life views |
| C-7 | Lenders | "Not identified" (2_fin); Tofler charges SBICap 465 / HDFC 100 / Axis 350 (3_gov) | Bankers Axis, SBI, HDFC, HSBC, ICICI (AR); Blackwell term loan from Axis and HDFC (CFO); Tofler charges not primary-verified |
| C-8 | Contingent liabilities, litigation | "Litigation / tax: none found" (4_market) | Contingent liabilities nil at 31 Mar 2026; capital commitments Rs 19.23 cr; Rs 2.53 cr stamp-duty demand (14 May 2026) stayed subject to Rs 1.25 cr deposit; AR omits it; Rs 8.98 cr BG lien FD with no BG disclosed |
| C-9 | Auditor concerns | "None found; AR could not be parsed" (4_market) | AR is text-searchable; opinion unmodified but auditor reports FY26 director pay above Sec 197 limits (Rs 3.20 cr, waived at the AGM) |
| C-10 | Promoter vote on L&T RPT | 3_gov only | Confirmed: promoter group voted 7,79,11,050 FOR; "interested" = false; potential conflict with LODR Reg 23(4); outcome unaffected (public 1,42,84,261 for, 1,513 against) |
| C-11 | "Management cites ~88% gross margin" | 2_fin | 85% and 88% were the analyst's figures; management: "I'm not sure about the 85% number", targets "70% plus" EBITDA; 88.4% is our derived ratio |
| C-12 | Delaware entity | Exists (3_gov) vs unverified (2_fin) | Mentioned on the Q1 FY27 call, not consolidated, no incorporation filing; unresolved |
| C-13 | Second B200 tranche | "~2,000 B200 at Chennai" (Inc42 via 5_narr) | 1,024 B200 live since late May 2026; further 1,024+ in deployment for Q3 FY27, uncontracted; Rs 430 cr LC with Rs 75.5 cr lien FDs |
| C-14 | H1 FY27 OCF quality | "OCF/EBITDA 137%" (2_fin) | Filed OCF Rs 396.49 cr, but other current assets (CF +26.15 vs BS -17.54) and lease payment (printed +11.72) do not tie; the 26.15 almost equals the 26.01 capital advance |
| C-15 | Mar-25 balance sheet | PP&E about 374; OFL about 874 as OCL; ONCA about 5 (2_fin) | PP&E 310.91 (374.4 only with ROU 63.49); CWIP 636.18; OFL 875.74 (capital creditors 872.53); OCL 7.53; ONCA nil |
| C-16 | FY25 borrowings repaid | (133.1) (2_fin) | (109.36) |
| C-17 | Loan against CWIP | AR: "INR 450.00 lakhs" | Almost certainly a Rs 450 cr sanctioned facility (units error), undrawn at Mar-26; drawn Rs 450.38 cr by Sep-26 |
| C-18 | Promoter selling | "About 3.5 pp secondary to L&T" (4_market) | Secondary was 5,95,916 pre-split shares = 2.98% (43.60% to 40.61%); the rest to 39.45% was ESOP and QIP dilution |
| C-19 | Named MF at Mar-26 | Bandhan Small Cap 4.00% (3_gov) | Bandhan Large & Mid Cap Fund 7,92,032 pre-split (3.85%); Bandhan Small Cap named at Dec-25 (4.05%), Jun-26 (3.41%), Sep-26 (2.23%) |
| C-20 | GPU fleet history | AR MD letter "3,900 to 5,100 within the year"; "~3,700 in Apr 2025" (5_narr) | Deck: ~1,900 FY25, ~3,900 FY26, ~5,100 after B200 live (Q1 FY27); Apr-2025 3,700 not re-checked |
| C-21 | IndiaAI / international shares | Q4 FY26 20-21% / 37% (5_narr via Cofacto) | Q1 FY27: IndiaAI "about 20%, 21%", international "closer to 37%"; Q2 FY27: 13-15% and 20-25%; FY26 outside India 36.0% |
| C-22 | Utilisation | The Ken 35-40% vs "fully utilized" | No current figure disclosed; last numbers 60-65% (Dec-25), "80% plus, less than 85%" (Mar-26, ex-B200); Blackwell under contract "fully utilized"; The Ken figure unverifiable |
| C-23 | Jarvis Labs consideration | "Not disclosed" (2_fin) | Rs 163 lakh incl. GST; servers Rs 138.14 lakh; goodwill nil |
| C-24 | ESOP outstanding | "Not disclosed" (2_fin) | 31 Mar 2026 pre-split: ESOS 2018 53,434; ESOP 2021 3,41,675 (1,15,675 exercisable); total 3,95,109 = 1.92% |
| C-25 | BSE scrip code | AR CG report prints 544785 | 544783 (544785 is Hexagon Nutrition) |
| C-26 | Exchange fine | "Rs 10,000" (3_gov) | Rs 10,000 plus GST levied separately by NSE and BSE (Rs 11,800 each) |
| C-27 | FY26 exceptional item | AR Note 29(c) labour-code Rs 15.26 lakh "Exceptional Item" | Immaterial; results show nil exceptional |
| C-28 | Planned L&T stake | "Takes L&T up to 21%" (2_fin) | Planned about 21%; actual peak 18.99% after only 5,95,916 of 11,91,831 secondary shares plus 2,17,834 market purchases |
| C-29 | Rs 430 cr LC and Rs 75.5 cr lien FDs | Secondary source (2_fin) | Confirmed by CARE MAR Q2 FY27 (PDF p.19-20) |
| C-30 | Rs 129.81 cr OCL rise | "Most likely advances under the sovereign contract" (2_fin) | Undisclosed; at Mar-26 the line was unearned revenue 13.77, statutory dues 1.79, advances 1.68, ESOP money 0.10; sovereign advance plausible, unconfirmed |
Other corrections applied
| Earlier claim | Corrected fact |
|---|---|
| Post-split ISIN "unverified" (5_narr, 6_heard) | INE255Z01027 confirmed (AR PDF p.79); INE255Z01019 is the pre-split Rs 10 ISIN |
| Capacity filing known only from press (1_business, 5_narr) | Primary PDF read: existing "~ 9.2 MW"; addition "Approximately 5.4 MW, for NVIDIA HGX B300 systems and other Blackwell GPUs"; financing "A mix of internal accruals and Debt"; location, cost, timeline not stated |
| Sep-25 promoter 40.35% (Screener) | 40.31% filed; L&T 18.86% |
| Q2 FY27 EBITDA Rs 175 cr (GuruFocus); "INR 238 Mn" revenue | Rs 171.46 cr; Rs 223.76 cr (Rs 2,238 mn) |
| FY26 loss "Rs 155.7 crore" (Goodreturns) | Units error: Rs 15.57 cr |
| Screener consolidated P/E 173x | Series gap; standalone TTM 104x |
| Q2 FY27 board outcome names Karthik Reddy Bezawada's profile | Clerical: the annexure is Krishnan Mahesh's |
| H1 FY27 PAT 1,176 mn (one transcript) | Rs 1,166 mn (439 + 727) |
| QIP "150 crore shares" | 4,28,000 shares, Rs 107 cr |
| Kotak "Add, Rs 4,370" | Blog claim only; excluded |
Open questions
| # | Question | Why it matters | Where searched |
|---|---|---|---|
| G-1 | What makes up the Rs 129.81 cr rise in other current liabilities? | Drives H1 OCF; if an advance, it unwinds as revenue | Q2 results, deck, PR, transcript, CARE MAR |
| G-2 | Who is the sovereign AI counterparty and what is its billing profile and payment security? | About 39% of MRR on a term sheet | Reg 30, PR, Q2 call ("easy to calculate close enough") |
| G-3 | Cost, timeline, site and GPU count for the 5.4 MW B300 addition | Funding gap sizing | Capacity filing, Q2 call, deck |
| G-4 | Promoters' original Reg 31(1) encumbrance form (Dec 2024) | Completes the NDU record | NSE (Reg 31 endpoint 404), BSE (listed Jun 2026) |
| G-5 | PIT disclosures for Shailly Dua's 98,000-share sale (Jul to 21 Sep 2026) and Tarun Dua's May-2025 sale | Insider compliance | NSE corporates-pit (empty for whole window); BSE PIT not checked |
| G-6 | Current utilisation, contracted share, top-1 / top-5 customers | Concentration and lease-up risk | AR Note 34, decks, four transcripts |
| G-7 | Lender-wise borrowings and repayment schedule beyond 12 months | Refinancing risk | AR Notes 14 and 31; Q2 results |
| G-8 | Bank guarantee behind the Rs 8.98 cr lien FD (Mar-26) | Undisclosed contingent | AR Notes 10 and 37 |
| G-9 | Delaware subsidiary status and capital | International strategy | NSE/BSE feed; Q2 consolidation |
| G-10 | Content of The Ken article (17 Aug 2026) | Utilisation and cash-burn claims | Company clarification only; paywalled |
| G-11 | Stamp-duty writ filing date | Nil contingent disclosure at Mar-26 | Reg 30 filings 19 May, 27 Jul 2026 |
| G-12 | Explanation of the H1 FY27 cash-flow mismatches | Earnings quality | Q2 results PDF p.4-5 |
| Q-13 | How do IndiaAI order values (Rs 177 cr + Rs 88 cr) map to recognised revenue of Rs 29-34 cr a quarter, and when do they expire? | Gnani alone implies about Rs 14.75 cr a month | Reg 30 orders; calls |
| Q-14 | Is Mukesh Kumar Raheja (2.05%, public) an immediate relative of WTD Megha Raheja? | Promoter-group classification | SHP; AR |
| Q-15 | Who are ATS Services Pvt Ltd and Constellation BLU Management Consultants LLP as related parties? | RPT completeness | AR Note 36 |
| Q-16 | Delhi NCR and Mumbai colocation landlords; GPU server OEM / distributor | Supplier concentration | AR, BRSR, decks; searches for NTT, Yotta, CtrlS, Web Werks returned nothing |
| Q-17 | Impairment testing on the ~3,000 Hopper GPUs | Depreciation-life risk | AR Notes 2.2, 3 |
| Q-18 | Why was the authority to pledge unutilised issue proceeds taken (16th AGM)? | Unusual capital authority | AGM notice 2025 |
| Q-19 | Will the "cloud GPU" definition be fixed (deck FY25 1,900 vs ~3,700 cited in Apr 2025)? | KPI comparability | Decks Apr 2025, Oct 2026 |
Business Deep-Dive
Sources: Q2 FY27 and Q1 FY27 investor presentations, FY26 Annual Report (MD&A, BRSR, Notes 2-44), four earnings-call transcripts (Jan, Apr, Jul, Oct 2026), Reg 30 order filings (Feb 2025 to Aug 2026), the 26 Oct 2026 capacity-addition filing, ICRA rationale (27 Nov 2025), Dalal & Broacha Q3 FY26 note, e2enetworks.com pricing page (Oct 2026), NVIDIA blogs. Search-noise guard: "E2E" here means E2E Networks only (not end-to-end testing or encryption tools, E2E Transportation, or ZNetLive and other Indian hosts).
Business snapshot
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| What it is | An Indian "AI factory" / neocloud: rents NVIDIA GPU (and CPU) compute, storage and networking by the hour, month or multi-year contract, with its own software platforms on top (TIR, Jarvislabs.ai, Sovereign Cloud Platform) [Fact] |
| Asset model | Owns its servers; hosts all of them in third-party colocation data centres. BRSR: 0 plants, 5 offices [Fact] |
| Reporting segment | Single segment under Ind AS 108, "provision of cloud computing services" (AR Note 34; Q2 FY27 Note 3) [Fact] |
| Scale, Sep-26 | About 5,100 cloud GPUs live ("nearly 3,000 Hopper and 1,024 Blackwell"); about 9.2 MW of power; exit MRR Rs 75.1 cr (x12 about Rs 901 cr, not contracted ARR) [Fact] |
| Q2 FY27 financials | Revenue Rs 223.76 cr (+410.9% YoY, +42.7% QoQ); EBITDA Rs 171.46 cr (76.6%); PAT Rs 72.71 cr [Fact] |
| Revenue per live GPU | About Rs 4.4 lakh a quarter, Rs 1.46 lakh a month (223.76 cr / 5,100) [Est.] |
| Go-to-market | Four channels: self-serve portal, enterprise sales, partners, government empanelment (Q2 deck p.8) |
| Reseller channel | 29.9% of FY26 sales through 18 dealers/distributors (FY25 30.4%, 13 dealers); top 10 took 95.7% of that (BRSR) [Fact] |
| Geography | FY26 revenue within India Rs 157.09 cr, outside India Rs 88.49 cr (36.0%); FY25 Rs 108.72 / 55.24 cr (33.7%). Customers in 66 countries and 31 Indian states [Fact] |
| People | 207 permanent employees at 31 Mar 2026; 100+ engineers across "five layers of the stack" |
| Credentials | MeitY-empanelled cloud service provider (STQC-audited); IndiaAI empanelled compute provider (LoI 7 Feb 2025); ICRA A- (Stable) |
| Self-description | An integrated "AI factory", not a GPU rental business; "Judge us as a technology business" (management) |
Products and services, line by line
| # | Product / service | What it does | Status / evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cloud GPUs (IaaS) | On-demand and reserved NVIDIA GPU VMs and multi-node clusters; per-minute billing; 3-12 month commitments get 10-30% off; monthly/annual GPU plans quoted by sales | Pricing page (Oct 2026); AR FY26 lists B200, H200, H100, A100, A40, V100, T4; Jul-2026 price increase on GPUs and CPUs (Q1 FY27 call) |
| 2 | InfiniBand clusters | NDR InfiniBand up to 3.2 Tbps per node; "single fabric" clusters (as IndiaAI orders specify); new in Q2 FY27: InfiniBand H200 clusters | AR FY26 p.5; Q2 FY27 deck |
| 3 | Linux / Windows cloud (CPU) | C3 (CPU-intensive, NVMe), M3 (memory), SDC3 (smart dedicated), E1 series; US$0.044 to US$16.80 an hour | CPU "not a very major volume from a revenue perspective today" (Jul-26); CPU prices raised because memory and hardware costs rose more for CPU servers |
| 4 | Storage and network | Object storage (US$10 flat to 250 GB, then US$0.0375/GB), block volumes, Scalable File System, parallel file system (US$0.85/GB/month), container registry, snapshots, CDP backup, CDN, load balancers, VPC, Fortinet firewall, DBaaS, reserved IPs, SSL, licences | Pricing page; AR "Storage and Cloud Solutions" |
| 5 | Containers and serverless | Managed Kubernetes; OpenFaaS-based serverless | AR FY26 |
| 6 | TIR AI/ML platform (launched 2023) | GPU notebooks (Jupyter on H200/B200, NGC frameworks); Foundation Studio fine-tuning (LoRA, DreamBooth; Llama, Mistral, Gemma, Stable Diffusion); pipelines; multi-node training (Slurm/PyTorch); managed Qdrant vector DB; RAG; model endpoints (vLLM, SGLang, Triton, TensorRT-LLM, PyTorch) with autoscaling; OpenAI-compatible GenAI API (Llama 4, DeepSeek V3/R1, GPT-OSS 120B, Hermes 3 405B, Sarvam-2B, Mistral); VPC Connect (new in Q2 FY27) | AR FY26 p.6; deck p.4, p.9. NVIDIA (Feb 2026): Blackwell cluster on TIR with HGX B200, NVIDIA AI Enterprise and Nemotron models |
| 7 | Jarvislabs.ai (E2E platform since Dec 2025) | Developer-first GPU cloud: instant H100/H200/A100/RTX PRO 6000, pause and resume, per-minute billing, CLI/SDK/templates, managed endpoints and pay-per-token APIs; targets global individual developers | Assets of Jarvis Labs AI Pvt Ltd under APA 28 Aug 2025, conditions met 16 Dec 2025; Rs 1.63 cr incl. GST; founder Vishnu Subramanian joined. Lower ARPU, strategic for global reach (D&B) |
| 8 | Inference: Blaze, Endpoints | Serverless inference that scales to zero; managed endpoints | "Soft-released"; official launch "a few weeks" away (16 Oct 2026); "I would not say launched as much as basically released"; revenue not disclosed |
| 9 | AI Labs as a Service | Cloud AI lab for universities: GPU sharing (one GPU for 15+ students), LMS, professor dashboard, isolated private clusters | AR FY26 p.7 |
| 10 | Sovereign Cloud Platform (launched 11 Mar 2025) | E2E's own cloud software (50+ IaaS/PaaS services) deployed for regulated and data-residency-bound customers, on E2E infrastructure or customer-controlled environments; pitched to BFSI, insurers, fintechs (Global Fintech Fest 2026) | AR FY26; deck p.5, p.8. D&B: software monetisation "expected to begin in FY27"; no separate revenue |
| 11 | Self-serve console (MyAccount) | Provisioning and billing for all of the above | "MyAccount" name from website/docs, not filings |
| 12 | Government / IndiaAI compute | MeitY-empanelled; IndiaAI empanelment for AI compute, network and storage; L1 bidder in some categories, willing to match L1 elsewhere | Exchange filing 7 Feb 2025; e2enetworks.com/meity |
What E2E does not sell
No AMD Instinct or custom-ASIC instances (management will "build support when customers require"; software said to support any chip); no colocation or data-centre space; very little pure bare metal ("Majority of our GPUs today run on top of our platforms. There is very, very little bare metal", Q2 call); no disclosed patents. Training vs inference revenue split not disclosed ("majority of revenue still closer to training").GPU list prices (per GPU-hour, ex-tax, pricing page Oct 2026)
| GPU | Memory | List US$/hr | About Rs/hr at Rs 95/$ [Est.] |
|---|---|---|---|
| NVIDIA B200 | 180 GB HBM3e | 7.99 | 759 |
| H200 | 141 GB | 5.29 | 503 |
| H100 | 80 GB | 3.99 | 379 |
| RTX PRO 6000 | 96 GB | 2.49 | 237 |
| A100 | 80 GB | 2.10 | 200 |
| A100 | 40 GB | 1.98 | 188 |
| V100 | n.a. | 1.50 | 143 |
| A40 | n.a. | 1.44 | 137 |
| A30 | n.a. | 1.35 | 128 |
| L40S | n.a. | 1.20 | 114 |
| L4 | n.a. | 0.57 | 54 |
| T4 | n.a. | 0.45 | 43 |
Other price points in the inputs: a Sahi summary of the Q1 FY27 call quoted list H200 US$3.44/hr and H100 US$2.86/hr and an IndiaAI B200 rate of Rs 251.10/hr on 12-month reservations; Dhruva Pandey cites IndiaAI about Rs 290.70/hr for a B200 against a list of US$6.99. Realised contract rates are well below list: sovereign B200 about Rs 393/hr, IndiaAI H100/H200 about Rs 98-136/hr [Est.].
How they make it
- Procure hardware: NVIDIA HGX 8-GPU servers (Hopper H100/H200, Blackwell B200; B300 next), InfiniBand NDR networking, CPU servers, NVMe/parallel-file-system storage, Fortinet firewalls. Order-to-deployment "can vary between 3 to 6 months"; vendor advances "depend on the vendor". The first 1,024 B200 were paid for in FY26 (CWIP Rs 533.45 cr, "for GPU's, deployed in May 2026") and went live mid-May after component delays ("single critical components can delay a full deployment").
- Colocate: racks, power and cooling bought from third-party operators. "Purchase of services" (colocation, power, bandwidth) rose from Rs 30.48 cr (18.6% of revenue) in FY25 to Rs 65.95 cr (26.9%) in FY26. Power rises with utilisation (CFO, Jul-26).
- Orchestrate with own software: in-house compute, networking, orchestration and AI software; heavy use of open source and NVIDIA reference software (NGC, NCCL); cluster tuning against NCCL and model-FLOPs-utilisation benchmarks; described as architecture-agnostic (MD letter).
- Monetise: hourly on-demand, weekly pre-emptible, monthly, 6-12 month reservations, 2-3 year contracts and one 34-month sovereign contract; GPU-hours, token-priced APIs, platform services. Revenue recognised over the service period or on usage (AR note vii); revenue recognition is the auditor's single key audit matter.
- Depreciate: computer equipment 6 years, computers 3 years, straight line (AR Note 2.2(iv)). Management argues 6-8 years economic life because each generation "finds its own price-performance niche". Leased computer equipment (ROU Rs 41.9 cr at Mar-26) runs up to 5-year terms at 8.8-11.0% IBR.
Cost structure (standalone, Rs cr)
| Line | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 | Q1 FY27 | Q2 FY27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue from operations | 94.46 | 163.96 | 245.58 | 156.76 | 223.76 |
| Purchase of services and consumables | 20.16 (21.3%) | 30.48 (18.6%) | 65.95 (26.9%) | 22.88 (14.6%) | 25.96 (11.6%) |
| Employee benefits | 17.58 (18.6%) | 23.55 (14.4%) | 37.43 (15.2%) | 11.00 (7.0%) | 18.02 (8.1%) |
| Other expenses | 8.78 (9.3%) | 13.27 (8.1%) | 15.94 (6.5%) | 4.99 (3.2%) | 8.32 (3.7%) |
| EBITDA ex-OI [Est.] | 47.94 (50.8%) | 96.66 (59.0%) | 126.26 (51.4%) | 117.90 (75.2%) | 171.46 (76.6%) |
| D&A | 15.75 | 60.08 | 169.23 | 60.64 | 73.97 |
| Finance cost | 3.61 | 13.22 | 12.24 | 10.05 | 10.30 |
| PAT | 21.87 | 47.49 | (15.57) | 43.88 | 72.71 |
FY26 employee cost includes ESOP Rs 2.80 cr (H1 FY27 Rs 6.55 cr). Q2 FY27 operating cost Rs 52.3 cr is 23.4% of revenue vs 58.9% a year earlier. "Gross margin" (revenue less purchases) was 88.4% in Q2 FY27 on our arithmetic; the 85% and 88% figures on the call were the analyst's, not management's, whose stated target is "70% plus" EBITDA.
Facilities and footprint
| Site | Operator / landlord | What runs there | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chennai (Tamil Nadu) | L&T-Vyoma (L&T's data-centre arm; L&T-Cloudfiniti brand) | Hopper clusters (live 1 Aug 2025; about 2,048 GPUs added in H1 FY26 across Noida and Chennai), the 1,024 B200 cluster (live mid-May 2026), the incremental B200 lot | Primary growth site; ICRA expects incremental GPUs here | NVIDIA Feb 2026 ("Blackwell ... hosted at the L&T Vyoma Data Center in Chennai"); ICRA; DCD. L&T services availed Rs 13.42 cr FY26 (nil FY25); Apr-Jun 2026 Rs 7.55 cr |
| Delhi NCR (Noida) | Not disclosed | GPU and CPU cloud; "new DC location in Delhi-NCR" launched 2024 | Live | AR timeline; ICRA names Noida. No link found to NTT/Netmagic, Yotta, CtrlS or Web Werks |
| Mumbai (Maharashtra) | Not disclosed | Legacy CPU/GPU cloud; one of two MeitY data-residency regions | Ambiguous; Dec-2025 outage at a small Mumbai site with workloads moved to Delhi and Chennai; Q1 and Q2 FY27 decks name only "Delhi NCR & Chennai DCs" | ICRA, D&B ("Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, NCR"); likely de-emphasised [Analyst View] |
| Offices | Leased / co-working | 5 offices; HQ Badarpur, New Delhi; ROU building assets Rs 13.9 cr | Live | BRSR; AR Note 4 |
| 5.4 MW addition | Not stated | NVIDIA HGX B300 and other Blackwell systems | Filed 26 Oct 2026; no date, cost, location | Capacity filing (most likely L&T-Vyoma Chennai, where Vyoma is converting about 24 MW into an "AI mega factory" [Est.]) |
Capacity metrics
| Metric | Value | Tag |
|---|---|---|
| Live cloud GPUs | About 1,900 (FY25), 3,932 (Sep-25, ICRA), about 3,900 (FY26), about 5,100 (30 Jun 2026 and 30 Sep 2026) | [Fact]; Apr-26 call called 3,900 "CPU, GPU, storage, all capacities put together" |
| GPU mix | "Nearly 3,000 Hopper" (H100 + H200) + 1,024 B200 + about 1,100 other (A100, L40S, L4, A40, A30, V100, T4, RTX PRO 6000). Forum count: 1,024 B200, about 2,300 H200, about 700 H100, 700-900 older | Hopper/B200 [Fact]; residual [Est.] |
| Next lot | 1,024+ B200 "in deployment", expected live Q3 FY27; no contract decided | [Fact] |
| Roadmap | B300 / GB300 / Vera Rubin "planning underway"; minimum about 6,000 GPUs by FY27-end (Apr-26 call); "more than 10,000 GPUs within 2-3 years" (Apr 2025) | [Fact] |
| Power | About 10 MW (9 MW active + 1 MW reserve) per Jan-26 call; "~ 9.2 MW" per 26 Oct 2026 filing; +5.4 MW to about 14.6 MW (+59%) | [Fact] |
| Power per GPU today | About 1.8 kW facility capacity per GPU on a mostly Hopper fleet (9.2 MW / 5,100) | [Est.] |
| Utilisation | About 50-60% (Q1 FY26), 60-65% (Dec-25), "80% plus ... less than 85%" (Mar-26, all infra ex-B200), B200 "maximal" (Jul-26), flagship Blackwell "fully utilized" (Oct-26); now "a point-in-time number" | [Fact] |
| BRSR energy | FY26 electricity 62,286 GJ (about 17.3 GWh, about 2.0 MW average), 0% renewable; Scope 2 12,284 tCO2e (FY25 5,232); likely metered portions only | [Fact]; MWh [Est.] |
Certifications, IP and export footprint
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Certifications (BRSR FY26) | PCI DSS v4.0.1; ISO 9001:2015; ISO/IEC 27001:2022; ISO/IEC 27017:2015 (cloud security); ISO/IEC 27018:2019 (cloud PII); ISO/IEC 20000-1:2018 (IT service management); SOC 3 report (website also shows SOC 2) |
| Government | MeitY-empanelled CSP (STQC audit; data residency in India); IndiaAI empanelled provider (Feb 2025); IndiaAI Round 4 technically qualified (9 Apr 2026) |
| Not held | ISO 14001 / 45001; no Tier certification of its own (owns no DC) |
| Patents | None disclosed; proprietary software (TIR, Jarvislabs, Sovereign Cloud Platform) expensed, not capitalised |
| Third-party quality rating | SemiAnalysis ClusterMAX 2.0 (6 Nov 2025): "Underperforming", worst of 84 clouds; no E2E-specific rating found in v2.1 (Apr 2026) or v3.0 (Sep 2026) |
| Exports | Outside-India revenue Rs 88.49 cr FY26 (36.0%); FX earnings Rs 94.85 cr vs outgo Rs 7.02 cr; net USD receivable exposure only US$8.45 mn at Mar-26 |
| International share by quarter | About 35-37% in Q4 FY26 and Q1 FY27 ("closer to 37%", Q1 call); 20-25% in Q2 FY27, diluted by the domestic sovereign contract |
| International vehicle | Delaware entity "focused on selling in the international market" (Q1 FY27 call); no incorporation filing; not consolidated |
| Intangibles, 31 Mar 2026 | Rs cr | Note |
|---|---|---|
| IPv4 address blocks (indefinite life, revalued) | 11.56 | Cost Rs 3.65 cr; revaluation gain Rs 1.05 cr (9.11%) in FY26 by a registered valuer |
| Fortigate licences | 4.95 | Amortised |
| Domain | 0.15 | n.a. |
| Total other intangibles | 16.66 | Sep-26: 13.50 |
Corporate history
| Date | Milestone |
|---|---|
| 20 Aug 2009 | Incorporated (Tarun Dua, Ashish Shukla); co-founder and CTO K. R. Mohamed Imran joins 15 Mar 2010 |
| 2011-2014 | Seed-funded by Blume Ventures Fund I (Rs 35 lakh, 2011) |
| 14 Mar 2018 / 15 May 2018 | Converted to public and renamed; NSE Emerge SME IPO at Rs 57 (fresh 27.5 lakh shares, Rs 15.68 cr; OFS 11.08 lakh; total Rs 21.99 cr; about 70x subscribed) |
| FY19-FY21 | Pre-AI trough: revenue fell 26% in FY20; losses in FY20 and FY21 |
| 12 Apr 2022 | Migrated to NSE main board |
| 2023 | TIR AI platform launched; Blume exits fully at about 20x |
| FY24 | First H100 cluster, debt-funded (term loans about Rs 103 cr at Mar-24) |
| Sep / Dec 2024 | Preferential issue Rs 405.66 cr; L&T preferential Rs 1,079.28 cr (15%); L&T commercial agreements |
| 7 Feb / 11 Mar 2025 | IndiaAI empanelment; Sovereign Cloud Platform launched |
| Aug-Sep 2025 | IndiaAI orders (GAN AI Rs 88.02 cr; Gnani.ai Rs 177 cr); Jarvis Labs APA |
| 1 Aug 2025 | Chennai Hopper capacity live |
| 9 Jan 2026 | 1,024 NVIDIA B200 procured for Chennai (about 184 TB GPU memory) |
| 15 Jan / 20 Feb / 26 Feb 2026 | Registered office moved; L&T-Vyoma MoU; QIP Rs 107 cr |
| Mid/late May 2026 | B200 cluster live on TIR |
| 5 Jun / 12 Jun / 17 Jun 2026 | 1:10 split; BSE listing; Sovcloud Technologies incorporated |
| 31 Aug 2026 | Rs 1,000 cr sovereign AI term sheet; Rs 1,500 cr raise approved by board |
| 26 Oct 2026 | 5.4 MW capacity addition for HGX B300 and other Blackwell |
Segment Analysis
E2E reports a single segment ("provision of cloud computing services"; Ind AS 108 disclosures "not required", AR Note 34). No customer above 10% of revenue is named or quantified anywhere in the AR. The cuts below are the only proxies management has disclosed, plus Aamara arithmetic, clearly labelled.
Proxy A: GPU vs CPU
| Period | Statement | Tag |
|---|---|---|
| Apr 2026 (Q4 FY26 call) | GPU share of MRR to reach "closer to 85-90%" "in another couple of quarters" | [Fact] |
| Jul 2026 (Q1 FY27 call) | CPU "not a very major volume from a revenue perspective today"; CPU list prices raised because memory and hardware costs rose more for CPU servers | [Fact] |
| Q2 FY27 | GPU likely above 85% of revenue | [Est.] |
Proxy B: India vs outside India
| Period | India | Outside India | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY25 | Rs 108.72 cr (66.3%) | Rs 55.24 cr (33.7%) | AR Note 20 |
| FY26 | Rs 157.09 cr (64.0%) | Rs 88.49 cr (36.0%) | AR Note 20 |
| Q4 FY26 | about 63-65% | about 35-37% | Calls |
| Q1 FY27 | about 63% | "closer to 37%" | Q1 FY27 call (C-21) |
| Q2 FY27 | about 75-80% | about 20-25% | CFO, Q2 call |
Proxy C: government and IndiaAI share
| Period | IndiaAI / government share | Rs equivalent [Est.] | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 FY26 | "some revenue, but it is relatively small" | n.a. | Q1 FY26 call |
| Q4 FY26 | Government business "did not exceed roughly 35-40%" | Up to Rs 33-38 cr | Q4 FY26 call |
| Q1 FY27 | IndiaAI "about 20%, 21%" | Rs 31-33 cr | Q1 FY27 call |
| Q2 FY27 | IndiaAI "roughly around 13% to 15%" | Rs 29-34 cr a quarter (about Rs 10-11 cr a month) | CFO, Q2 call |
Proxy D: Sep-26 run-rate by revenue source [Est.]
| Source | Rs cr a month | Share of Rs 75.1 cr MRR | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign AI contract (existing 1,024 B200) | about 29.4 | about 39% | Rs 1,000 cr over 34 months; billed evenly |
| IndiaAI allottees (GAN AI, Gnani.ai) | about 10-11 | 13-15% | CFO share of Q2 revenue |
| International customers | about 15-19 | 20-25% | CFO; may overlap the US trainer |
| US-based AI model trainer (6 months from about May 2026) | about 12, if still running | about 16% | US$7.7 mn (about Rs 73 cr) over 6 months; inside the international share |
| Residual domestic (start-ups, SaaS, BFSI, academia, CPU, storage) | about 16-21 | about 21-28% | Difference |
The sovereign buyer could itself be an IndiaAI-funded model builder, so overlap is possible. A social-media claim names Sarvam AI as the sovereign customer and a forum claim says Sarvam took the first 1,000 B200s; both are unconfirmed [Analyst View].
Named customers and contracts
| Customer / contract | Date | Size and terms | Implied economics [Est.] |
|---|---|---|---|
| India-based "Sovereign AI company" (unnamed; domestic; not a related party; no promoter interest) | Binding term sheet 31 Aug 2026 | About Rs 1,000 cr ex-tax; NVIDIA Blackwell cloud GPUs and allied services; services "up to June 2029"; converts existing B200 from pay-as-you-go to "a longer term commitment" | Rs 29.4 cr a month; about Rs 393/GPU-hr (US$4.1); about 1.9x the cluster's Rs 533 cr cost over the term |
| IndiaAI Mission for GAN AI | Order 26 Aug 2025 | 1,024 H200 SXM (128 x 8-GPU nodes), InfiniBand single fabric, 12 months, Rs 88.02 cr | About Rs 98 per H200 GPU-hour |
| IndiaAI Mission for Gnani.ai | 2 Sep 2025 (re-filed 3 Sep after naming error) | H100 SXM + H200 SXM, 1,29,94,560 GPU-hours over 360 days, about Rs 177 cr; execution from about Dec 2025, full go-live by mid-Jan 2026 | About Rs 136 per GPU-hour (US$1.43); about 1,504 GPUs continuous; about Rs 14.75 cr a month |
| IndiaAI total | H1 FY26 | Rs 265 cr for about 2,524 GPUs over FY26 to early FY27 (ICRA); IndiaAI moved billing from quarterly to monthly | About 6.6% of the 38,000-GPU onboarded pool |
| USA-based AI model trainer (unnamed; forum speculation of OpenAI unverified) | 29 Apr 2026 | US$7.7 mn (about Rs 73 cr), 6 months, GPU cloud plus allied services | About Rs 12 cr a month |
| Indian-HQ global SaaS provider, via L&T | 2 Jan 2026 | Rs 8.49 cr, 12 months from 1 Jan 2026; related-party transaction at arm's length; first one-year L&T-routed GPU contract started 6 Jan 2026 | About Rs 0.7 cr a month |
| L&T (direct) | FY26 | Services provided Rs 2.24 cr (unbilled Rs 2.09 cr at Mar-26) | n.a. |
| Logos / testimonials | Website, NVIDIA (Oct 2024) | RailYatri, Spyne, 5C Network, Indian School of Business, Invideo AI, Segmind, TangoEye, Anydone, Dhee.AI, Sensen.ai, Blend, HestaBit, Convin, Qure.ai, Saarthi.ai; AI4Bharat (IIT Madras), Assisto | Travel, e-commerce imaging, radiology AI, video generation, GenAI APIs, retail analytics, conversational AI, Indic LLMs |
Contract tenor mix and visibility
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Tenors offered | Hourly on-demand, weekly pre-emptible, monthly, 6-12 month reservations, 2-3 year contracts; "no fixed target" for the contracted share |
| Contracted vs on-demand | Not disclosed: "our size is too small for sharing point-in-time information" (Q2 call) |
| Contracted coverage [Est.] | About 50-55% of the run-rate for the next 2-3 quarters (sovereign + IndiaAI); about 37-40% after IndiaAI roll-off unless renewed |
| History | Month-to-month with lumpy start-up churn: MRR fell from Rs 16.5 cr (Sep-24) to Rs 11.2 cr (Mar-25) as training jobs ended; management called the Q4 FY25 dip a deliberate allocation to large-customer trials |
| CPU customers | Moving to 6-12+ month terms with advances to lock pre-hike prices; contract liabilities Rs 15.45 cr at Mar-26 (Rs 5.7 cr FY25); contract assets (unbilled) Rs 13.76 cr |
| Repeat vs new | The sovereign deal re-papers an existing customer; no new large logo announced in H1 FY27 |
Platforms: revenue not separately disclosed
| Platform | Position | Disclosure |
|---|---|---|
| TIR | Majority of GPUs run on E2E's platforms; Blackwell cluster built on TIR | No revenue split; "economics to be quantified later" |
| Jarvislabs.ai | Separate team, "opinionated platform" with some technology and customer overlap with TIR; Bandhan asked about cannibalisation | None; "enough and more for everyone" |
| Sovereign Cloud Platform | Software for regulated and data-resident customers | None; D&B expected monetisation from FY27 |
| Inference (Blaze, Endpoints, Jarvislabs model APIs) | Soft-released Q2 FY27 | None; ABI expects 80% of neocloud revenue from inference by 2030 (deck) |
Segment reads [Analyst View]
Fastest grower: Blackwell GPU capacity (sovereign contract, US trainer, IndiaAI-adjacent demand), which drove 4-5x YoY growth. Under pressure: (a) IndiaAI share falling as 12-month allocations (Aug-25 to Jan-26 starts) roll off, with renewal at quarterly-reset L1 prices; (b) international mix down from about 37% to 20-25%; (c) CPU cloud small, with inflating hardware cost; (d) Jarvislabs at lower ARPU. Concentration: the top 3-4 accounts plausibly exceed 55-65% of current revenue, a sharp change from the historic long-tail self-serve base. Management focus: sovereign and regulated BFSI, platform over bare metal, inference, international via the Delaware entity, "technology adoption rather than GPU rental rates".Financials: P&L
Units Rs cr. Standalone basis (no subsidiary until Sovcloud, incorporated 17 Jun 2026 and not yet operating; Q2 FY27 consolidated PAT Rs 72.70 cr vs standalone Rs 72.71 cr). EBITDA = revenue less purchases, employee and other expenses (excludes other income). Per-share data on face value Re 1 (pre-split EPS divided by 10). Filed results and the FY26 AR supersede aggregators.
Annual P&L, FY22 to FY26
| Rs cr | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue from operations | 51.87 | 66.20 | 94.46 | 163.96 | 245.58 | Filed |
| YoY | +46.9% | +27.6% | +42.7% | +73.6% | +49.8% | [Est.] |
| Purchase of services and consumables | n.d. | n.d. | 20.16 | 30.48 | 65.95 | Filed |
| Gross profit A (revenue less purchases) | n.d. | n.d. | 74.30 | 133.48 | 179.63 | [Est.] |
| Gross margin A | n.d. | n.d. | 78.7% | 81.4% | 73.1% | [Est.] |
| Gross profit B (less purchases and employee; StockAnalysis) | 26.28 | 37.10 | 56.61 | 109.93 | 142.20 | StockAnalysis |
| Gross margin B | 50.7% | 56.0% | 59.9% | 67.0% | 57.9% | [Est.] |
| Employee cost | n.d. | n.d. | 17.58 | 23.55 | 37.43 | Filed |
| Other expenses | n.d. | n.d. | 8.78 | 13.27 | 15.94 | Filed |
| EBITDA (ex-OI) | 23.7 | 33.1 | 47.94 | 96.66 | 126.26 | Deck ties (47.9 / 96.7 / 126.3) |
| EBITDA margin | 45.7% | 50.0% | 50.8% | 59.0% | 51.4% | [Est.] |
| EBITDA growth | n.a. | +39.7% | +44.8% | +101.6% | +30.6% | [Est.] |
| D&A | 17.83 | 20.11 | 15.75 | 60.08 | 169.23 | Filed |
| D&A % of revenue | 34.4% | 30.4% | 16.7% | 36.6% | 68.9% | [Est.] |
| EBIT (ex-OI) | 5.85 | 12.97 | 32.19 | 36.58 | (42.97) | [Est.] |
| EBIT margin | 11.3% | 19.6% | 34.1% | 22.3% | -17.5% | [Est.] |
| Other income | about 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.63 | 39.43 | 34.01 | FY25 mainly interest on Rs 1,480 cr raised |
| Finance cost | about 0.3 | 0.5 | 3.61 | 13.22 | 12.24 | Filed |
| PBT | 5.29 | 13.2 | 30.21 | 62.79 | (21.20) | Filed |
| PBT margin | 10.2% | 20.0% | 32.0% | 38.3% | -8.6% | [Est.] |
| Tax | (1.2) | 3.3 | 8.35 | 15.30 | (5.63) | FY26 deferred; earlier years (0.41) |
| PAT | 6.45 | 9.91 | 21.87 | 47.49 | (15.57) | Filed |
| PAT margin | 12.4% | 15.0% | 23.2% | 29.0% | -6.3% | [Est.] |
| PAT YoY | n.m. | +53.6% | +120.7% | +117.2% | n.m. | [Est.] |
| EPS basic, Re 1 basis (Rs) | 0.45 | 0.68 | 1.51 | 2.83 | (0.78) | FV Rs 10: 15.11 (FY24), 28.28 (FY25), (7.75) (FY26) |
| EPS diluted, Re 1 basis (Rs) | n.d. | n.d. | 1.47 | 2.72 | (0.76) | FV Rs 10: 14.70, 27.21, (7.61) |
FY22 is StockAnalysis operating income plus D&A, cross-checked to Screener OPM 44%. FY23 other income, finance cost, PBT and tax from the Q2 FY27 deck's yearly table. Revenue CAGR: 47.4% FY21-FY26, 54.8% FY23-FY26 (Screener 47% and 55%). FY26 EBITDA growth +30.6% while D&A rose 2.8x: the loss year was a timing gap between paying for GPUs and billing them. The AR's Note 29(c) labour-code past-service cost of Rs 15.26 lakh, described there as an "Exceptional Item", is immaterial; the results show nil exceptional items.
FY17 to FY21: the pre-AI trough (Screener, whole crore)
| Rs cr | FY17 | FY18 | FY19 | FY20 | FY21 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 29 | 36 | 34 | 25 | 35.3 |
| YoY [Est.] | n.a. | +24% | -6% | -26% | +40% |
| Opex | 13 | 18 | 23 | 26 | 25 |
| EBITDA | 17 | 18 | 11 | -1 | 10 |
| EBITDA margin | 57% | 50% | 32% | -4.8% | 29% |
| Other income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Finance cost | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| D&A | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 12 |
| PBT | 6 | 8 | 2 | -9 | -1 |
| PAT | 4 | 6 | 2 | -9 | -1 |
| PAT margin [Est.] | 14% | 17% | 6% | -36% | -3% |
FY21 revenue of 35.3 is backed out from StockAnalysis's FY22 growth of 46.94% [Est.].
Last ten quarters
| Rs cr | Q1 FY25 | Q2 FY25 | Q3 FY25 | Q4 FY25 | Q1 FY26 | Q2 FY26 | Q3 FY26 | Q4 FY26 | Q1 FY27 | Q2 FY27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 41.33 | 47.55 | 41.60 | 33.48 | 36.11 | 43.80 | 70.02 | 95.64 | 156.76 | 223.76 |
| Revenue YoY | +112.4% | +119.6% | +73.7% | +13.8% | -12.6% | -7.9% | +68.3% | +185.7% | +334.1% | +410.9% |
| Revenue QoQ | +40.5% | +15.0% | -12.5% | -19.5% | +7.9% | +21.3% | +59.9% | +36.6% | +63.9% | +42.7% |
| Direct cost (purchases) | 6.67 | 7.24 | 8.15 | 8.42 | 14.28 | 14.40 | 16.46 | 20.81 | 22.88 | 25.96 |
| Gross margin A | 83.9% | 84.8% | 80.4% | 74.9% | 60.5% | 67.1% | 76.5% | 78.2% | 85.4% | 88.4% |
| Employee cost | 5.11 | 6.09 | 5.93 | 6.43 | 7.74 | 7.56 | 9.77 | 12.36 | 11.00 | 18.02 |
| Other expenses | 2.27 | 2.78 | 2.93 | 5.29 | 3.59 | 3.84 | 4.14 | 4.37 | 4.99 | 8.32 |
| EBITDA | 27.28 | 31.44 | 24.59 | 13.34 | 10.50 | 18.00 | 39.65 | 58.10 | 117.90 | 171.46 |
| EBITDA margin | 66.0% | 66.1% | 59.1% | 39.8% | 29.1% | 41.1% | 56.6% | 60.7% | 75.2% | 76.6% |
| EBITDA YoY | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | -61.5% | -42.7% | +61.2% | +335.5% | +1,022.9% | +852.6% |
| EBITDA QoQ | n.a. | +15.2% | -21.8% | -45.8% | -21.3% | +71.4% | +120.3% | +46.5% | +102.9% | +45.4% |
| Other income | 0.34 | 0.86 | 12.79 | 25.44 | 15.00 | 8.30 | 5.22 | 5.48 | 11.42 | 9.93 |
| D&A | 10.70 | 12.57 | 17.82 | 18.99 | 27.43 | 42.80 | 47.65 | 51.35 | 60.64 | 73.97 |
| D&A % revenue | 25.9% | 26.4% | 42.8% | 56.7% | 76.0% | 97.7% | 68.1% | 53.7% | 38.7% | 33.1% |
| EBIT (EBITDA less D&A) | 16.58 | 18.87 | 6.77 | (5.65) | (16.93) | (24.80) | (8.00) | 6.75 | 57.26 | 97.49 |
| EBIT margin | 40.1% | 39.7% | 16.3% | -16.9% | -46.9% | -56.6% | -11.4% | 7.1% | 36.5% | 43.6% |
| Finance cost | 3.36 | 3.62 | 4.04 | 2.20 | 1.83 | 2.00 | 4.73 | 3.68 | 10.05 | 10.30 |
| PBT | 13.56 | 16.11 | 15.53 | 17.59 | (3.76) | (18.49) | (7.51) | 8.56 | 58.63 | 97.13 |
| Tax | 3.42 | 3.96 | 3.94 | 3.98 | (0.92) | (5.03) | (1.81) | 2.12 | 14.74 | 24.42 |
| PAT | 10.14 | 12.15 | 11.59 | 13.61 | (2.84) | (13.46) | (5.70) | 6.44 | 43.88 | 72.71 |
| PAT margin | 24.5% | 25.5% | 27.9% | 40.7% | -7.9% | -30.7% | -8.1% | 6.7% | 28.0% | 32.5% |
| PAT YoY | +45.5% | +109.8% | +107.7% | +285.6% | loss | loss | loss | -52.7% | turnaround | turnaround |
| Diluted EPS, Re 1 basis (Rs) | 0.68 | 0.78 | 0.70 | 0.78 | (0.14) | (0.66) | (0.28) | 0.32 | 2.10 | 3.48 |
| Exit MRR (Rs cr) | 14.5 | 16.5 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 14.5 | 16.0 | 28.0 | 37.4 | 71.8 | 75.1 |
Filed: Q1-Q2 FY25 (Sep-2024 results); Q3 FY25, Q2 FY26, Q3 FY26 (Dec-2025 results); Q1-Q2 FY27 and the Q2 FY26 comparative (16 Oct 2026). Derived [Est.]: Q4 FY25 = FY25 less 9M; Q1 FY26 = H1 less Q2; Q4 FY26 = audited FY26 less 9M (EBITDA 58.10 ties to the deck's Rs 581 mn). Q4 FY26 filed PAT Rs 6.44 cr, EPS (pre-split) 3.21 / 3.15. YoY bases (StockAnalysis / Sep-2024 results): Q1-Q4 FY24 revenue 19.46 / 21.65 / 23.95 / 29.41; PAT 6.97 / 5.79 / 5.58 / 3.53. Sahi's "Rs 2.84 cr loss in Q4 FY26" is Q1 FY26 mislabelled; Goodreturns' "Q4 EBITDA down 51%" is wrong (recomputed +335.5%); one auto-transcript rendered Q4 FY26 growth as 126%/33.7% (actual 186%/36.6%).
Half-year view
| Rs cr | H1 FY26 | H1 FY27 | YoY |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 79.92 | 380.52 | +376.1% |
| Purchases / employee / other expenses | 28.68 / 15.30 / 7.43 | 48.83 / 29.02 / 13.30 | n.a. |
| EBITDA | 28.52 (35.7%) | 289.37 (76.0%) | +915% |
| Other income | 23.30 | 21.35 | -8.4% |
| D&A | 70.23 | 134.61 | +91.7% |
| Finance cost | 3.83 | 20.35 | +431% |
| PBT | (22.25) | 155.75 | turnaround |
| Tax (current / earlier years / deferred) | 0 / (0.41) / (5.53) | 0 / 0 / 39.17 | n.a. |
| PAT | (16.30) | 116.59 | turnaround |
| OCI, net of tax | (1.99) | (4.20) | n.a. |
| EPS basic / diluted (Re 1) | (0.82) / (0.80) | 5.67 / 5.58 | n.m. |
H1 FY27 EBITDA is 2.3x FY26 EBITDA of Rs 126.26 cr (company). Press release, Rs mn: H1 revenue 3,805; EBITDA 2,894 (76.0%); PBT 1,558; PAT 1,166; Q2 depreciation 740, H1 1,346. GuruFocus printed H1 FY26 PBT -25.2 and ScanX -22.2; filed is -22.25.
FY26 audited quarters (board 20 Apr 2026)
| Rs cr | Q4 FY26 | Q3 FY26 | Q4 FY25 | FY26 | FY25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 95.64 | 70.02 | 33.48 | 245.58 | 163.96 |
| Other income | 5.48 | 5.22 | 25.44 | 34.01 | 39.43 |
| Purchases | 20.81 | 16.46 | 8.42 | 65.95 | 30.48 |
| Employee | 12.36 | 9.77 | 6.43 | 37.43 | 23.55 |
| Other expenses | 4.37 | 4.14 | 5.29 | 15.94 | 13.27 |
| EBITDA ex-OI [Est.] | 58.10 (60.7%) | 39.65 (56.6%) | 13.34 (39.8%) | 126.26 (51.4%) | 96.66 (59.0%) |
| D&A | 51.35 | 47.65 | 18.99 | 169.23 | 60.08 |
| Finance costs | 3.68 | 4.73 | 2.20 | 12.24 | 13.22 |
| PBT | 8.56 | (7.51) | 17.59 | (21.20) | 62.79 |
| Tax | 2.12 | (1.81) | 3.98 | (5.63) | 15.30 |
| PAT | 6.44 | (5.70) | 13.61 | (15.57) | 47.49 |
| EPS basic / diluted, FV Rs 10 | 3.21 / 3.15 | (2.85) / (2.80) | 8.11 / 7.80 | (7.75) / (7.61) | 28.28 / 27.21 |
FY26 also: QIP of 4,28,000 shares at Rs 2,500 (Rs 107.00 cr) allotted 26 Feb 2026; no subsidiary, associate or JV at 31 Mar 2026; board approved the 1:10 split. Press-release Q4 FY26 in Rs mn: revenue 956 (+186% YoY, +36.6% QoQ), EBITDA 581, depreciation 530 (sic, filed 513.5), PBT 86, PAT 64. FY26: revenue Rs 2,456 mn (+50%), EBITDA Rs 1,263 mn (+30.6%), PAT -Rs 156 mn. CFO: "Our core business remains strongly cash positive, operationally profitable at EBITDA level." Cash EPS Q4 FY26 Rs 74.97 (pre-split).
Margin bridge [Analyst View]
| Phase | What happened to margins | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Q1-Q2 FY25 | EBITDA 66%, PAT 25% | H100 cluster billing; small cost base |
| Q3-Q4 FY25 | EBITDA 59% to 39.8%; MRR -32% | Start-up training jobs ended; capacity allocated to large-customer trials |
| Q1 FY26 | EBITDA 29.1%; direct cost nearly doubled QoQ (8.42 to 14.28) on flat revenue | One-time installation and power costs on 2,048 new GPUs before billing (ICRA) |
| Q2-Q4 FY26 | EBITDA 41% to 56.6% to 60.7%; D&A peaks at 97.7% of revenue (Q2 FY26) | IndiaAI billing from Q4 FY26; Hopper utilisation 60-65% to 80%+ |
| Q1-Q2 FY27 | EBITDA 75.2% to 76.6%; gross margin A 85.4% to 88.4%; PAT 28% to 32.5% | 1,024 B200 live from May; premium sovereign pricing; 1 Jul 2026 list-price rise; CFO: "contribution from the Blackwell GPU, better utilization" and higher average realisation |
| Cost watch | Employee cost +64% QoQ to Rs 18.02 cr in Q2 FY27 | Senior hires (CRO, Field CTO, Head of Founder's Office) and ESOP charge Rs 6.55 cr in H1 FY27 vs Rs 2.80 cr in FY26 |
| D&A vs revenue | D&A per quarter up 6.9x from Q1 FY25 to Q2 FY27, revenue up 5.4x; EBIT margin 43.6% only just above Q1-Q2 FY25 (about 40%) | Tranche 2 and the B300 build will add D&A ahead of revenue again |
| Q3 FY27 set-up | Exit MRR Rs 75.1 cr vs Q2 monthly average Rs 74.6 cr | Little built-in uplift without tranche 2 |
Depreciation profile (critical for a GPU cloud)
| Period | D&A | % of revenue |
|---|---|---|
| FY24 | 15.75 | 16.7% |
| FY25 | 60.08 | 36.6% |
| FY26 | 169.23 | 68.9% |
| Q2 FY26 (peak) | 42.80 | 97.7% |
| Q1 FY27 | 60.64 | 38.7% |
| Q2 FY27 (296 annualised) | 73.97 | 33.1% |
| D&A split | PP&E | ROU | Intangibles |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY24 | 10.28 | 5.31 | 0.16 |
| FY26 | 146.95 | 21.12 | 1.16 |
| H1 FY27 | 123.11 | 10.32 | 1.18 |
| Useful-life item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Accounting policy (AR Note 2.2(iv)) | Straight line; Computer Equipment 6 years; Computer 3 years; office equipment 5; furniture 10; residual values and lives reviewed each year-end; intangibles 3-10 years; IP addresses indefinite-lived and revalued |
| CFO, Q4 FY26 call | "6 years"; management also cites using GPUs "over a 7, 8 year period" and the MD&A "6-8 year useful life" (economic-life views, not policy) |
| Cross-check [Est.] | Q2 FY27 PP&E depreciation about Rs 272 cr annualised on a gross server block of about Rs 1,742 cr (FY26 gross computer equipment Rs 1,206.18 cr + Rs 533 cr CWIP capitalised May 2026) = about 15.6% a year, consistent with 6 years |
| Peers | Companies Act Schedule II: servers 6 years. CoreWeave 6, Lambda 5, Nebius 4; Amazon cut part of its server life to 5 years in 2025 |
| Sensitivity [Est.] | 5-year life: about +20%, about Rs 55 cr a year, about -14% of Q2 run-rate PBT (Rs 388 cr). 4-year life: about +50%, about Rs 136 cr a year, about -35% on the same basis (Rs 272 cr annualised PP&E depreciation); on 4_market's larger gross-block estimate (about Rs 1,950-2,000 cr) about +Rs 200 cr a year, roughly halving run-rate PBT |
| Evidence of residual value | H1 FY27 fixed assets sold for Rs 9.97 cr at a gain of Rs 5.18 cr; CoreWeave re-contracted H100s within 5% of original price; Oracle renewed GPUs at a 20% premium (bull arguments) |
| Bear arguments | Dhruva Pandey: B200 project IRR about 2.8% on a 4-year life vs 10.4-14.6% on 6 years; The Ken: E2E not covered by NVIDIA's depreciation backstop for select clouds |
Tax and other quality-of-earnings items
| Item | Period | Amount | Read |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other income (mostly interest on equity raised) | FY25 | Rs 39.43 cr = 62.8% of PBT; core EBIT only Rs 36.58 cr | FY25 profit leaned on treasury income |
| Other income | FY26 | Rs 34.01 cr, of which interest received Rs 26.52 cr | FY27 about Rs 10-11 cr a quarter; no longer a driver |
| Tax entirely deferred | FY26, H1 FY27 | No current tax; cash tax H1 FY27 Rs 9.48 cr; DTL Rs 18.03 cr to Rs 55.79 cr; effective rate 25.1% | Accelerated tax depreciation on GPUs; reported PAT understates cash earnings |
| Deferred tax asset on brought-forward losses | Mar-26 | Rs 67.63 cr (AR Note 16) | Shields future current tax |
| Gain on sale of fixed assets | H1 FY27 | Rs 5.18 cr (proceeds Rs 9.97 cr) | In other income |
| IPv4 revaluation | FY26 | +Rs 1.05 cr (OCI) | Indefinite-life intangible |
| ESOP cost | FY25 / FY26 / H1 FY27 | Rs 2.35 cr / Rs 2.80 cr / Rs 6.55 cr | Large recent grants |
| Labour-code past-service cost | FY26 | Rs 0.15 cr | AR calls it exceptional; results do not |
| Credit losses | FY26 / H1 FY27 | ECL allowance Rs 0.60 cr (impairment Rs 0.54 cr FY26, Rs 0.85 cr H1 FY27); written off Rs 0.71 cr | Small but rising |
Earnings-quality check
Profits are backed by cash before capex: OCF exceeded PAT every year since FY22 and ran at 89-109% of EBITDA over FY22-FY26. FY26 PAT -Rs 15.57 cr against OCF +Rs 122.06 cr is explained by D&A Rs 169.23 cr and a deferred-tax credit of Rs 5.63 cr; working capital absorbed only Rs 14.07 cr. The H1 FY27 OCF of Rs 396.49 cr (137% of EBITDA) is a divergence flag: Rs 129.81 cr came from an undisclosed rise in other current liabilities, and two cash-flow lines do not tie to the balance sheet (Tab 6). After capex, FCF was -Rs 1,140.4 cr in FY26 and -Rs 23.1 cr in H1 FY27.Financials: Balance Sheet, Cash Flow & Ratios
Standalone balance sheet, Mar-22 to Sep-26
| Rs cr | Mar-22 | Mar-23 | Mar-24 | Sep-24 | Mar-25 | Mar-26 | Sep-26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity share capital | 14.48 | 14.48 | 14.48 | 16.88 | 19.97 | 20.56 | 20.56 |
| Other equity | 23.98 | 34.92 | 56.38 | 470.52 | 1,572.80 | 1,664.49 | 1,783.53 |
| Net worth | 38.46 | 49.40 | 70.85 | 487.40 | 1,592.77 | 1,685.05 | 1,804.09 |
| Borrowings, non-current | 0.60 | 0.21 | 88.50 | 89.64 | 6.10 | 80.04 | 391.62 |
| Borrowings, current | 0.34 | 0.39 | 14.58 | 24.95 | 5.31 | 23.16 | 58.76 |
| Borrowings excl. leases | 0.94 | 0.60 | 103.08 | 114.59 | 11.41 | 103.20 | 450.38 |
| Lease liabilities | 1.16 | 5.29 | 40.95 | 66.61 | 61.56 | 55.88 | 46.77 |
| Total debt incl. leases | 2.10 | 5.89 | 144.03 | 181.20 | 72.97 | 159.08 | 497.14 |
| PP&E (net, excl. ROU) | 23.76 | 28.49 | 155.79 | 212.68 | 310.91 | 963.16 | 1,485.66 |
| CWIP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 636.18 | 533.45 | nil |
| Right-of-use assets | n.d. | n.d. | 42.38 | 70.11 | 63.49 | 55.75 | 45.78 |
| Other intangibles | 13.23 | 13.51 | 12.22 | 13.34 | 14.93 | 16.66 | 13.50 |
| Goodwill / inventory | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
| Trade receivables | about 0.2 | about 0.5 | 2.56 | 7.59 | 9.75 | 17.12 | 28.53 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 3.84 | 16.31 | 7.77 | 84.36 | 463.68 | 321.57 | 599.41 |
| Other bank balances | 2.95 | 5.46 | 1.24 | 333.86 | 893.26 | 44.36 | 134.99 |
| Cash + bank | 6.80 | 21.77 | 9.01 | 418.22 | 1,356.94 | 365.93 | 734.40 |
| Other current assets (mainly GST input credit) | n.d. | n.d. | 23.31 | 34.39 | 178.43 | 210.29 | 192.75 |
| Other non-current assets (capital advances etc.) | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | nil | 101.35 | 102.60 |
| Trade payables | 2.25 | 2.50 | 6.04 | 20.74 | 7.15 | 12.65 | 15.19 |
| Other financial liabilities (mainly capital creditors) | n.d. | n.d. | 16.18 | 49.79 | 875.74 | 434.24 | 119.51 |
| Other current liabilities | n.d. | n.d. | 8.79 | 12.54 | 7.53 | 17.34 | 147.15 |
| Deferred tax liability | 0.63 | 0.89 | 8.41 | 15.56 | 23.40 | 18.03 | 55.79 |
| Total assets | 48.00 | 68.41 | 255.24 | 768.19 | 2,580.74 | 2,328.10 | 2,640.65 |
| Net cash / (net debt) incl. leases [Est.] | 4.7 | 15.9 | (135.0) | 237.0 | 1,284.0 | 206.9 | 237.2 |
| Book value per share, Re 1 basis (Rs) | 2.66 | 3.41 | 4.89 | 28.9 | 79.77 | 81.97 | 87.76 |
Mar-24 and Sep-24: Sep-2024 results. Mar-25: FY26 results balance sheet (corrected per C-15: PP&E 310.91, not about 374; CWIP 636.18; other financial liabilities 875.74 incl. capital creditors 872.53; other current liabilities 7.53; other non-current assets nil). Mar-26 and Sep-26: Q2 FY27 results (PDF p.4), converted from Rs lakh. Mar-22 and Mar-23: StockAnalysis, tied to Screener. Deck balance sheet (Rs mn): borrowings 4,504 / 1,032 / 114 (Sep-26 / Mar-26 / Mar-25); PP&E incl. CWIP 14,857 / 14,966 / 9,471. Consolidated total assets at Sep-26 are identical (Rs 2,640.65 cr). Net worth rose 22x in FY25, almost all new equity.
Sep-26 vs Mar-26, line by line
| Line, Rs cr | 30 Sep 2026 | 31 Mar 2026 | Change | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PP&E | 1,485.66 | 963.16 | +522.50 | B200 cluster capitalised |
| CWIP | nil | 533.45 | (533.45) | "CWIP of INR 5,334 Mn for GPU's, deployed in May 2026" |
| Right-of-use | 45.78 | 55.75 | (9.96) | n.a. |
| Other intangibles | 13.50 | 16.66 | (3.16) | n.a. |
| Investment in subsidiary | 0.01 | nil | +0.01 | Sovcloud, Rs 1 lakh |
| Other financial assets, non-current | 7.90 | 43.85 | (35.94) | n.a. |
| Non-current tax assets | 14.90 | 5.41 | +9.48 | Cash tax paid |
| Other non-current assets | 102.60 | 101.35 | +1.25 | Capital advances, non-current GST credit |
| Trade receivables | 28.53 | 17.12 | +11.42 | DSO about 12 days on Q2 run-rate |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 599.41 | 321.57 | +277.83 | n.a. |
| Other bank balances | 134.99 | 44.36 | +90.62 | Incl. Rs 75.50 cr SBI FDs under lien to the Rs 430 cr capex LC |
| Other financial assets, current | 14.61 | 15.14 | (0.52) | n.a. |
| Other current assets | 192.75 | 210.29 | (17.54) | GST input credit |
| Total assets | 2,640.65 | 2,328.10 | +312.55 | n.a. |
| Equity | 1,804.09 | 1,685.05 | +119.04 | H1 PAT 116.59 less OCI 4.20 plus ESOP |
| Borrowings non-current / current | 391.62 / 58.76 | 80.04 / 23.16 | +347.18 | Term loans; availed 348.46, repaid 2.09 |
| Lease liabilities non-current / current | 30.18 / 16.58 | 37.98 / 17.90 | (9.12) | Lease interest accreted 2.61 |
| Deferred tax liability | 55.79 | 18.03 | +37.75 | All H1 tax deferred |
| Trade payables | 15.19 | 12.65 | +2.55 | n.a. |
| Other financial liabilities | 119.51 | 434.24 | (314.72) | B200 capital creditors paid |
| Other current liabilities | 147.15 | 17.34 | +129.81 | Composition undisclosed (G-1) |
| Total current liabilities | 357.25 | 505.34 | (148.09) | Current ratio 2.72x (970.29 / 357.25) |
| Other current liabilities, 31 Mar 2026 (AR Note 19) | Rs cr |
|---|---|
| Unearned revenue | 13.77 |
| Statutory dues | 1.79 |
| Advances from customers | 1.68 |
| ESOP application money | 0.10 |
| Total | 17.34 |
| Derived, 30 Sep 2026 [Est.] | Rs cr |
|---|---|
| Cash plus other bank balances | 734.39 |
| Net cash excluding leases | 284.01 |
| Net cash including leases | 237.24 |
| Free cash excluding lien FDs, incl. leases | about 161.7 |
| Book value per share (Rs) | 87.76 |
The OCL line historically holds customer prepayments, so an advance under the Aug-2026 sovereign contract is plausible but unconfirmed. Other current assets of Rs 192.75 cr (mainly GST input credit, Rs 269.2 cr total GST receivable at Mar-26: current Rs 167.8 cr + non-current Rs 101.4 cr) lock up about 11% of net worth and are recovered as output GST is billed.
Borrowings vs cash
Cash flow summary
| Rs cr | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 | H1 FY27 | TTM Sep-26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAT | 6.45 | 9.91 | 21.87 | 47.49 | (15.57) | 116.59 | 117.3 |
| EBITDA | 23.7 | 33.1 | 47.94 | 96.66 | 126.26 | 289.37 | 387.1 |
| OCF | 25.89 | 35.53 | 42.86 | 88.47 | 122.06 | 396.49 | 485.5 |
| OCF / PAT | 4.0x | 3.6x | 2.0x | 1.9x | n.m. | 3.4x | 4.1x |
| OCF / EBITDA | 109% | 107% | 89% | 92% | 97% | 137% | 125% |
| Cash capex (purchase of fixed assets) | (21.41) | (18.94) | (145.53) | (125.93) | (1,262.45) | (393.59) | (608.3) |
| Capital advances | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | nil | (26.01) | n.a. |
| FCF (OCF less capex and advances) | 4.47 | 16.59 | (102.7) | (37.5) | (1,140.4) | (23.1) | (122.8) |
| Equity raised (cash) | 0.06 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 1,472.83 | 104.11 | 0.14 | 102.9 |
| Borrowings availed | n.a. | n.a. | 105.0 | 17.89 | 96.91 | 348.46 | 357.8 |
| Borrowings repaid | (1.4) | (2.5) | (10.4) | (109.36) | (6.23) | (2.09) | n.a. |
| Bank deposits (invested) / redeemed | n.a. | n.a. | 0.36 | (889.40) | +807.13 | (54.56) | n.a. |
| Market cap at FY-end | 173 | 256 | 1,298 | 3,068 | 4,132 | 12,218 (CMP) | n.a. |
| FCF yield on FY-end mcap | 2.6% | 6.5% | -7.9% | -1.2% | -27.6% | n.a. | -1.0% |
FY25 column from the FY26 results cash flow: OCF 88.47; capex (125.93); bank deposits (889.40); CFI (982.80); equity 1,472.83; borrowings availed 17.89, repaid (109.36) (not 133.1, C-16); lease (23.71); CFF 1,350.24. FY26 equity proceeds 104.06 are the QIP net of issue costs (plus ESOP 0.05).
H1 FY27 cash flow in detail (filed, PDF p.5)
| Line, Rs cr | H1 FY27 | FY26 |
|---|---|---|
| Operating profit before working capital | 307.86 | 136.62 |
| Increase in other current liabilities | +129.81 | +9.81 |
| Trade receivables | (12.26) | (7.91) |
| Other current assets | (26.15) | (13.00) |
| Other WC items (payables, OFL, NCA, OFA, provisions) | +6.73 | (2.97) |
| Taxes paid | (9.48) | (0.49) |
| OCF | 396.49 | 122.06 |
| Purchase of fixed assets | (393.59) | (1,262.45) |
| Capital advances | (26.01) | nil |
| Sale of fixed assets (gain 5.18) | 9.97 | 0.09 |
| Bank deposits (net) / interest received | (54.56) / 4.59 | 807.13 / 26.52 |
| CFI | (459.62) | (428.72) |
| Borrowings availed / repaid | 348.46 / (2.09) | 96.91 / (6.23) |
| Equity (QIP) / ESOP | nil / 0.14 | 104.06 / 0.05 |
| "Payment of rental lease obligation" | +11.72 (sign as printed) | (24.38) |
| Interest paid | (17.26) | (5.87) |
| CFF | 340.97 | 164.55 |
| Net change in cash | +277.83 | (142.11) |
Cash-flow reconciliation flags (C-14)
- Lease line: lease liability fell Rs 9.12 cr and lease interest accreted Rs 2.61 cr, so about Rs 11.7 cr was paid out, yet the filing prints +11.72 as an inflow.
- Other current assets: the balance sheet shows a decrease of Rs 17.54 cr; the cash flow shows a Rs 26.15 cr increase. The 26.15 almost equals the Rs 26.01 cr capital advance in investing, so the advance may be counted twice [Est.].
- Total cash still ties to the balance sheet, so the errors are misclassifications between sections; their size cannot be determined from the filing (G-12).
- Excluding the Rs 129.81 cr OCL inflow, H1 OCF was about Rs 266.7 cr, 92% of EBITDA. If the OCL is a customer advance it unwinds as revenue over the contract.
- FY24-FY25 supplier credit: H1 FY25 OCF of Rs 94.76 cr included +33.6 from other financial liabilities and +14.7 from trade payables.
Capex: three definitions, reconciled
| Rs cr | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 | H1 FY27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capex per company deck (accrual / additions) | 24.9 | 35.0 | 185.3 | 870.0 | 696.2 | 117.0 |
| Cash capex (H1 FY27 incl. 26.01 advances) | 21.4 | 18.9 | 145.5 | 125.9 | 1,262.5 | 419.6 |
| Difference (accrual less cash) [Est.] | 3.5 | 16.1 | 39.8 | 744.1 | (566.3) | (302.6) |
| Deck capex, Rs mn | 249 | 350 | 1,853 | 8,700 | 6,962 | 1,170 |
- Cumulative FY24 to H1 FY27: accrual capex Rs 1,868.5 cr; cash capex incl. advances Rs 1,953.5 cr [Est.].
- FY25: about Rs 870 cr of GPU additions (H200 cluster plus the 2,048-GPU IndiaAI capacity) were booked but only Rs 125.9 cr paid; the balance sat in capital creditors (Rs 872.53 cr at Mar-25) and was paid in FY26.
- FY26 into H1 FY27: B200 creditors inside Rs 434.24 cr of other financial liabilities at Mar-26 were largely paid in H1 FY27 (OFL fell Rs 314.7 cr while cash capex was Rs 393.6 cr). Capital-goods creditors were Rs 428.8 cr at Mar-26: vendor credit funded the GPUs.
- FCF implication: FY26 FCF of -Rs 1,140 cr overstates FY26 investment intensity on an accrual basis; FY25's -Rs 37.5 cr understates it. Combined FY25 + FY26 FCF about -Rs 1,178 cr against about Rs 1,566 cr of accrual capex.
- Asset base: net PP&E plus CWIP (deck) Rs 947 cr (Mar-25), Rs 1,497 cr (Mar-26), Rs 1,486 cr (Sep-26). Gross computer equipment Rs 407.58 cr (Mar-25) to Rs 1,206.18 cr (Mar-26).
PP&E note, FY26 AR (Note 3)
| Item | Rs cr |
|---|---|
| Computer equipment, gross block, Mar-26 (Mar-25 407.58) | 1,206.18 |
| Total gross block | 1,208.58 |
| Accumulated depreciation | 245.42 |
| Net block (computer equipment 962.15) | 963.16 |
| FY26 additions | 799.21 |
| Jarvis Labs identified assets in additions | 1.63 |
| Assets charged against term loan ("INR 5,900 Lakhs") | 59.00 |
| CWIP Mar-26 (Mar-25 636.18, capitalised in FY26) | 533.45 |
| Loan facility against CWIP (printed "INR 450.00 lakhs"; almost certainly Rs 450 cr, units error, C-17) | 450 sanctioned |
| Capital commitments Mar-26 (Mar-25 904.30) | 19.23 |
GPU asset additions
| Period | Addition | Funding / notes |
|---|---|---|
| FY24 | First H100 cluster | Debt-funded: term loans about Rs 103 cr at Mar-24 |
| FY25 | H200 cluster plus IndiaAI capacity orders (about 2,300 H200 and 700 H100 build-out after the L&T money); fleet about 1,900 | FY25 equity |
| H1 FY26 | 2,048 GPUs across Noida and Chennai (ICRA) | FY25 equity |
| FY26 / Q1 FY27 | 1,024 B200 at L&T-Vyoma Chennai; CWIP Rs 533.45 cr; live May 2026 | Q3 FY26 call: capex Rs 600-650 cr, part-funded by Axis and HDFC term loans |
| Q3 FY27 (expected) | Further 1,024+ B200 | Rs 430 cr capex LC for "8U NVIDIA HGX B200 Server", Rs 75.5 cr SBI FDs under lien |
| Next | 5.4 MW for HGX B300 and other Blackwell (filed 26 Oct 2026) | "A mix of internal accruals and Debt"; cost not disclosed |
| Earlier plan | ICRA (Nov 2025): capex about Rs 1,500 cr "over the near term", debt and surplus funds; a further 2,048 GPUs by Q1 FY27 | About two quarters behind |
How the build was funded
| Source | Date | Shares (pre-split) | Price (pre-split) | Rs cr | Status at Q2 FY27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preferential issue (promoter group and public, 107 allottees incl. Ashish Kacholia, NAV Capital, Generational Capital; adviser InCred) | Board 19 Aug 2024; AGM 11 Sep 2024; allotted 21 Sep 2024 | 23,93,959 | Rs 1,694.50 | 405.66 | Fully utilised |
| L&T preferential (15%) | Agreement 5 Nov 2024; EGM 27 Nov; allotted 4 Dec 2024 | 29,79,579 | Rs 3,622.25 | 1,079.28 | Fully utilised by 30 Sep 2026 (Rs 77.08 cr used in H1 FY27) |
| L&T secondary from Tarun Dua (no cash to company) | Planned 5 Nov 2024; executed 15 May 2025 | 5,95,916 (of 11,91,831 planned) | Rs 2,750 | 163.9 (planned 327.75) | 2.98%, not the planned 6% |
| QIP | Opened 25 Feb, closed 26 Feb 2026; floor Rs 2,630.60 | 4,28,000 | Rs 2,500 (4.96% discount) | 107.00 | Rs 102.43 cr unutilised |
| Total equity cash raised | Sep 2024 to Feb 2026 | n.a. | n.a. | 1,591.93 | 1,489.51 used; 102.43 balance |
| Term loans | Issued FY2025 (ICRA); drawn FY26 and H1 FY27 | n.a. | 8.0-8.5% (ICRA); 7.75-8.60% (AR) | 450.38 o/s | Repayments Rs 32 cr FY26, Rs 64 cr FY27 (ICRA); maturity FY2029 |
| Capex LC facility | 2026 | n.a. | Non-fund-based | 430 | For B200 servers; not drawn debt; Rs 75.5 cr lien FDs |
| Enabling resolution 1 | Board 29 Sep 2025; postal ballot 30 Oct 2025 | n.a. | n.a. | Up to 1,000 | Only Rs 107 cr used |
| Enabling resolution 2 | Board 31 Aug 2026; AGM 28 Sep 2026 | n.a. | QIP discount up to 5%; valid 365 days | Up to 1,500 | Not launched |
| Internal accruals (OCF) | FY24 to H1 FY27 | n.a. | n.a. | about 650 [Est.] | n.a. |
| Deck funds-raised table (Rs mn) | Raised | Balance |
|---|---|---|
| Q2'25 (Sep-24 preferential) | 4,056.56 | nil |
| Q3'25 (L&T; 770.80 used H1 FY27) | 10,792.78 | nil |
| Q4'26 (Feb-26 QIP; 45.75 used) | 1,070.00 | 1,024.25 |
| Total | 15,919.34 | 1,024.25 |
| CARE MAR Q2 FY27 (Rs cr) | Amount |
|---|---|
| L&T issue revised objects: IT-equipment capex | 878.40 |
| Debt repayment | 100.00 |
| Working capital (Rs 29.92 cr used in Q2) | 100.00 |
| General corporate purposes | 0.88 |
| QIP unutilised: capex / GCP / issue expenses | 81.60 / 20.60 / 0.23 |
| Parked in Bandhan/HDFC/Axis liquid funds | 26.86 |
| Six SBI FDs (lien to Rs 430 cr LC) | 75.50 |
CARE: deviation NIL on the L&T preferential; nothing from the QIP used in Q2. Use of proceeds at 31 Mar 2026 (3_gov): Sep-24 issue utilised Rs 355.51 cr (capex Rs 302.12 cr, lease rentals Rs 39.13 cr, issue expenses Rs 14.25 cr), Rs 50.15 cr in FDs; L&T issue utilised Rs 1,002.20 cr, Rs 77.08 cr unutilised (capex 30.57, WC 46.51), Rs 100 cr debt repayment done; QIP utilised Rs 2.76 cr, Rs 104.24 cr in MFs and FDs; total unutilised Rs 231.47 cr. L&T issue original objects: IT capex Rs 729.28 cr, debt Rs 100 cr, GCP Rs 150 cr, WC Rs 100 cr over four years; QIP objects capex Rs 81.60 cr, GCP Rs 20.60 cr, issue expenses Rs 4.80 cr. At the 16th AGM (26 Sep 2025) Rs 97.85 cr of the Sep-24 issue and Rs 150 cr of the L&T issue moved from GCP to IT capex, with authority to pledge unutilised proceeds (99.9998%). CARO: unutilised QIP Rs 10,423.90 lakh and preferential Rs 12,723.17 lakh, no diversion. The Feb-2026 QIP priced at the maximum 5% discount and raised about 11% of the enabling amount: limited institutional appetite at Rs 250 post-split; the stock has since risen about 2.4x.
Working capital
| Days | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 | Sep-26 (Q2 annualised) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debtor days | 1 | 3 | 10 | 22 | 25 | 11.6 |
| Inventory days | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Creditor days (trade payables / cash opex) [Est.] | 29 | 28 | 47 | 39 | 39 | 27 |
| Cash conversion cycle [Est.] | -28 | -25 | -37 | -17 | -14 | -15 |
| Working-capital days (Screener; incl. capex creditors) | -31 | -54 | -107 | -1,607 | -391 | n.a. |
Prepaid or short-credit cloud model with no inventory; receivable terms 0-30 days. ICRA (Nov 2025) warned a rising IndiaAI share "is anticipated to increase the company's working capital requirements owing to the comparatively longer receivable cycle associated with Government contracts"; debtor days drifted 10, 22, 25 then fell to about 12 at Sep-26. No IndiaAI-specific ageing is disclosed. Receivables plus unbilled revenue rose from Rs 12.9 cr to Rs 30.9 cr in FY26 (Dhruva Pandey). StockAnalysis "receivables" (Rs 217.0 cr FY26) include GST credit and unbilled amounts.
Return and efficiency ratios
| Ratio | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 | TTM Sep-26 | Q2 FY27 annualised |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RoE (PAT / avg equity) | 19.6% | 22.6% | 36.4% | 5.7% | -0.95% | 6.7% | 16.7% |
| RoCE (StockAnalysis) | 14.2% | 23.9% | 16.3% | 2.2% | -2.4% | 6.7% | about 19% |
| ROIC (StockAnalysis) | 18.2% | 28.9% | 19.6% | 10.8% | -4.8% | 7.5% | n.a. |
| D/E incl. leases | 0.05 | 0.12 | 2.03 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.28 | n.a. |
| D/E excl. leases [Est.] | 0.02 | 0.01 | 1.45 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.25 | n.a. |
| Net debt / EBITDA | net cash | net cash | 2.8x | net cash | net cash | net cash | net cash |
| Total debt / EBITDA (ICRA basis) | 0.09x | 0.18x | 3.0x | 0.8x | 1.26x | 1.28x | 0.72x |
| Interest cover (EBITDA / finance cost) | n.m. | n.m. | 13.3x | 7.3x | 10.3x | 13.5x | 16.6x |
| Interest cover (EBIT / finance cost) | n.m. | n.m. | 8.9x | 2.8x | negative | 5.3x | 9.5x |
| Current ratio | 1.36 | 1.86 | 0.67 | 1.70 | 1.20 | 2.72 | n.a. |
| Asset turnover | 1.23 | 1.14 | 0.58 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.25 | about 0.36 |
| Fixed-asset turnover (net PP&E + CWIP + ROU) [Est.] | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.48 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.36 | 0.58 |
StockAnalysis ratio page for RoE (FY22-FY26), RoCE, ROIC, D/E, current ratio and asset turnover; StockAnalysis prints TTM EBIT cover 5.41x. TTM and run-rate RoE recomputed on average equity Rs 1,744.6 cr. ICRA indicators: TOL/TNW 2.7x (FY24), 0.6x (FY25); debt/OPBDIT 3.0x, 0.8x; interest cover 13.3x, 7.3x. Returns collapsed in FY25-FY26 because equity grew 22x before the new assets earned [Analyst View].
Debt structure at 30 Sep 2026
| Item | Rs cr | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Non-current borrowings | 391.62 | Secured term loans |
| Current borrowings | 58.76 | About the next 12 months of amortisation [Est.] |
| Borrowings excl. leases | 450.38 | Deck Rs 4,504 mn; Q1 FY27 call "broadly INR 450 crores" |
| Lease liabilities (data-centre space, computer equipment) | 46.77 | IBR 8.80-11.00% |
| Non-fund-based: capex LC | 430 | Secured by Rs 75.5 cr lien FDs |
| Interest paid H1 FY27 | 17.26 | Plus lease interest 2.61 |
| Implied cost of term debt [Est.] | about 8.0% | (10.30 - 1.3 lease) x 4 / 450; incl. leases 41.2 / 497 = about 8.3% |
| Debt item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Terms (AR Note 14) | Secured term loans Rs 103.20 cr at Mar-26 (current 23.16, non-current 80.04) vs Rs 11.41 cr at Mar-25; "interest rate between 7.75 % - 8.60%"; exclusive charge on fixed assets financed plus pari passu charge on current assets; all borrowings variable rate (Note 31) |
| Bankers (AR PDF p.13) | Axis Bank, State Bank of India, HDFC Bank, HSBC Bank, ICICI Bank; Blackwell term loan from Axis and HDFC (CFO, Q3 FY26 call); lender-wise amounts not disclosed (G-7) |
| MCA charges (Tofler; not primary-verified) | SBICap Trustee Rs 465 cr (22 Apr 2026); HDFC Bank Rs 100 cr (23 Jan 2026); Axis Bank Rs 350 cr (6 Dec 2025); HSBC Rs 15 cr (Sep 2024); Tata Capital Rs 5 cr (2023) |
| Maturity (ICRA, Nov 2025) | Repayments Rs 32 cr FY26, Rs 64 cr FY27; balance to FY2029; schedule beyond FY27 undisclosed |
| Working-capital lines | None rated; funding is term loans plus non-fund-based LCs |
| Older pricing | Oct-2024 investor presentation: term loans at 8.53-8.80% |
| Borrowing powers | Raised to Rs 5,000 cr (16th AGM, 2025) and Rs 10,000 cr (17th AGM, 28 Sep 2026; 95.527% for, institutions 76.2% against); about 6x Mar-26 net worth |
| Management stance | "There is no mental limit ... We are very comfortable with debt as long as we have the ability to repay"; "there are always covenants from lenders"; open to off-balance-sheet funding ("we are open to everything") |
Credit rating
| Agency | Instrument | Rs cr | Rating | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICRA | Long-term fund-based term loans | 450.00 | [ICRA]A- (Stable), assigned | 27 Nov 2025 |
| ICRA | Long-term fund-based proposed limits | 550.00 | [ICRA]A- (Stable), assigned | 27 Nov 2025 |
| CRISIL / CARE / India Ratings | None found | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| ICRA rationale (27 Nov 2025) | Detail |
|---|---|
| Strengths | Decade-long track record under Tarun Dua; L&T partnership (about 19% at Sep-25) with priority access to L&T's Chennai DC capacity; revenue CAGR 46% FY21-FY25; OPM up from about 30% to 59%; nominal debt at Mar-25 after the about Rs 1,500 cr raise; IndiaAI orders Rs 265 cr for 2,524 GPUs |
| Challenges | Moderate scale vs hyperscalers; highly capital-intensive, debt-funded GPU capex over FY26-FY27 (a further 2,048 GPUs by Q1 FY27); technology obsolescence; longer government receivable cycles |
| Liquidity | Adequate: free cash and liquid investments Rs 420.5 cr at 30 Sep 2025 vs near-term capex about Rs 1,500 cr |
| Upgrade triggers | Significantly higher revenue and earnings from utilising the new GPUs, with better credit metrics |
| Downgrade triggers | Decline in revenue or profit; more debt-funded capex than expected; stretched working-capital cycle |
| Status | Standalone basis; no 2026 surveillance action found; annual review due about Nov 2026. Q2 annualised EBITDA (about Rs 686 cr) is far above ICRA's FY25 base (Rs 97 cr), but borrowings rose 4.4x in H1 FY27 [Analyst View] |
Contingent liabilities and commitments (AR Note 37)
| Item | Mar-26 | Mar-25 |
|---|---|---|
| Contingent liabilities | nil | nil |
| Capital commitments | 19.23 | 904.30 |
| Other commitments | nil | 26.28 |
| FD under lien for a bank guarantee (Note 10), BG not disclosed in Note 37 | 8.98 | nil |
| Stamp-duty demand (order 14 May 2026, after year-end; not in AR) | 2.53 | n.a. |
Equity, share count and dilution
| Date | Event | Shares after (pre-split) | Post-split equivalent |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY17 | Equity capital Rs 0.27 cr (private company) | about 2.7 lakh | n.a. |
| FY18 | Capitalisation / bonus before the IPO lifts capital to about Rs 11.7 cr [Est.; event not verified] | about 1.17 cr | about 11.7 cr |
| May 2018 | NSE Emerge IPO at Rs 57: fresh 27.5 lakh (Rs 15.68 cr) + OFS 11.08 lakh; total Rs 21.99 cr; about 70x | about 1.4475 cr | about 14.48 cr |
| FY19-FY24 | Small ESOP allotments; 1,44,75,126 shares at 1 Apr 2024 | 1,44,75,126 | 14.48 cr |
| 21 Sep 2024 | Preferential at Rs 1,694.50 (23,93,959 shares) | 1,68,84,300 | 16.88 cr |
| 4 Dec 2024 | L&T preferential at Rs 3,622.25 (29,79,579) | about 1.986 cr | about 19.86 cr |
| Jan 2025 | ESOP: 16,500 (ESOS 2018) + 72,250 to the Employee Welfare Trust (ESOS 2021) | n.a. | n.a. |
| 31 Mar 2025 | Capital Rs 19.97 cr | 1,99,67,858 | 19.97 cr |
| FY26 | ESOS 2018 allotments 51,606 (WAEP Rs 51.30; 7 May, 22 Jul, 28 Aug, 29 Sep, 12 Dec 2025; 15 Jan, 31 Mar 2026); ESOP 2021 1,09,025 to the trust (28 Aug 2025); 3,300 in Jan 2026 | n.a. | n.a. |
| 26 Feb 2026 | QIP 4,28,000 at Rs 2,500 | 2,05,54,989 | n.a. |
| 31 Mar 2026 | Shares at split approval | 2,05,56,489 | 20,55,64,890 |
| 5 Jun 2026 | 1:10 sub-division; ISIN INE255Z01019 to INE255Z01027 | n.a. | 20,55,64,890 |
| 30 Sep 2026 | Paid-up capital Rs 2,055.65 lakh | n.a. | 20.556 cr |
| ESOP schemes (31 Mar 2026, pre-split) | Outstanding | WAEP (Rs) | Exercisable |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESOS 2018 (4,00,000 approved 1 Mar 2018; 20% annual vesting over 5 years) | 53,434 | 17.46 | 53,434 |
| ESOP 2021, trust route (15,00,000 approved 5 Apr 2021; 2,10,000 granted 23 Sep 2023; FY26 granted 85,000 at Rs 1,941.51, exercised 1,19,325, lapsed 2,750) | 3,41,675 | 594.65 | 1,15,675 |
| Total (1.92% of 2,05,56,489 shares) [Est.] | 3,95,109 | n.a. | 1,69,109 |
Dilution summary: shares +42.0% from Mar-24 (14.48 cr) to Sep-26 (20.56 cr); promoter ownership down about 20 points. StockAnalysis share-count change: FY24 -1.66%, FY25 -17.38%, FY26 -14.99%, TTM -4.70%. Q2 FY27 basic EPS 3.54 vs diluted 3.48 implies about 1.7% dilutive potential shares (about 0.35 cr). No warrants, convertibles, ADRs or GDRs. 2025 ESOP amendment extended maximum vesting from 4 to 7 years (institutions 80.98% against). The trust held 17,450 shares at 31 Mar 2026; the company lent money to the trust. Potential dilution: the Rs 1,500 cr enabling equals about 2.52 cr new shares, about 12.3% at CMP [Est.].
Per-share data (Re 1 basis)
| Rs | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 | TTM Sep-26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPS basic | 0.45 | 0.68 | 1.51 | 2.83 | (0.78) | 5.71 |
| Book value per share | 2.66 | 3.41 | 4.89 | 79.77 | 81.97 | 87.76 |
| OCF per share | 1.79 | 2.45 | 2.96 | 4.43 | 5.94 | 23.6 |
| FCF per share (StockAnalysis) | 0.31 | 1.13 | (6.90) | (2.15) | (56.81) | (5.97) |
| Net cash per share (StockAnalysis) | 0.32 | 1.09 | (9.08) | 73.55 | 10.30 | 11.53 |
| DPS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Key balance-sheet risks
Borrowings up 4.4x in six months and set to rise further for tranche 2 and the B300 build; Rs 430 cr LC exposure; all debt floating; Rs 75.5 cr of cash is lien-marked; Rs 129.81 cr of OCL is unexplained; Rs 192.75 cr locked in GST credit; capital-goods creditors have historically funded GPU purchases, so cash capex can swing by Rs 500 cr-plus between years; Rs 1,500 cr equity and Rs 10,000 cr borrowing authority already in hand.Management, Promoters & Governance
Primary basis: FY26 Annual Report (directors' report, CG report, secretarial audit, BRSR, auditor's report, CARO, Notes 1-44), 17th AGM notice (5 Sep 2026), scrutinizer report and voting XBRL (29 Sep 2026), 16th AGM voting results, SHP XBRL for every quarter Mar-25 to Sep-26, L&T Reg 29(1) (6 Dec 2024) and Reg 29(2) (19 May 2025) disclosures, the company's 2 Feb 2025 clarification to NSE, Reg 31(4) declarations, Q2 FY27 board outcome (16 Oct 2026), Reg 30 filings to 26 Oct 2026.
Governance verdict [Analyst View]
Founder-controlled, family-run executive layer with a credible but thin independent check, co-supervised by a strategic minority (L&T) whose role is drifting from partner to financial holder and competitor. Governance is "adequate, not institutional": no fraud, no auditor qualification, no SEBI order, no promoter pledge. Weak spots: board thinness and churn, family concentration in executive roles and in the Fund Raise Committee, sloppy secretarial hygiene, a promoter vote on a material RPT, and disclosure that narrowed as results improved.Corporate identity and capital structure
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Incorporation | 20 Aug 2009, private (Tarun Dua, Ashish Shukla); public and renamed E2E Networks Limited 14 Mar 2018; CIN L72900DL2009PLC341980 |
| Listing | NSE Emerge 15 May 2018 (about Rs 22 cr at Rs 57; about 70x; Blume sold part in the OFS); NSE main board 12 Apr 2022; BSE direct listing approved by circular resolution 10 Mar 2026, exchange approval 11 Jun 2026, trading 12 Jun 2026, scrip 544783, debut about Rs 369, close Rs 387.45 upper circuit |
| Split | Board 20 Apr 2026; postal ballot 99.997% (1,33,32,786 for, 385 against; scrutinizer 21 May 2026); record date Friday 5 Jun 2026; NSE circular CML74383; ISIN INE255Z01027 |
| Authorised capital | Rs 25 cr to Rs 50 cr (postal ballot 30 Oct 2025) |
| Registered office | Uppal's Genesis A-32, Block B, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Estate, Badarpur, New Delhi 110044 from 15 Jan 2026 (board outcome 15 Jan 2026); AR, AGM proceedings ("Deemed Venue") and the capacity filing use it; stale Awfis address on the 31 Aug 2026 press-release letterhead and CARE cover letters |
| Disclosure slips | AR CG report prints BSE code 544785 (Hexagon Nutrition); every filing uses 544783. Q3 FY26 results in the 15 Jan 2026 file still print the Awfis address |
| RTA / IR | MUFG Intime India (formerly Link Intime); Adfactors PR (27 Apr 2026) |
Promoters
| Name | Role | Background | Holding (Sep-26) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tarun Dua (DIN 02696789) | Founder and MD since 2009; chairs Borrowing and Fund Raise Committees | Born 27 Jan 1980 (46). B.Tech Computer Engineering, REC/NIT Kurukshetra (2001). Lecturer JMIT Radaur; Pugmarks; Fidelia; ValueFirst; Induslogic/GlobalLogic (2004-06); Nanocast R&D (2006-07); Yahoo Software Development Centre tech lead (2007-08) | 7,46,47,790 (36.31%) | Re-appointed MD 31 Jan 2026 to 30 Jan 2031 (postal ballot 30 Oct 2025); bought in the market May-Jun 2020 and 2021 (to about 80.6 lakh pre-split); only sale 5,95,916 pre-split to L&T at Rs 2,750 on 15 May 2025 (about Rs 163.9 cr), a 24% discount to L&T's subscription price; posts on X as @tarundua81; 2026 AGM notice shows one other directorship (likely Sovcloud) [Est.] |
| Srishti Baweja (DIN 08057000) | Co-founder, WTD and COO; spouse of Tarun Dua; chairs Risk Management and CSR | Born 25 Oct 1982 (44). B.Com (Hons) SRCC; CA (Nov 2004); PwC; Finance Officer, Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell (deputation from HPCL); earlier WTD and CFO | 1,47,540 (0.07%) | On board since 31 Jan 2018; re-appointed 31 Jan 2026 to 30 Jan 2031 |
| Megha Raheja (DIN 10855604) | WTD; sister of Srishti Baweja; CFO 20 Jul 2021 to 17 Apr 2025 | Born 11 Jan 1980 (46). CA; 22-25 years IT/ITES and telecom finance | 1,77,040 (0.09%) | Additional director, WTD and CFO 4 Dec 2024; resigned as CFO effective 17 Apr 2025 (four months later), continuing as WTD to 3 Dec 2029; re-appointed by rotation at the 17th AGM (99.985%) |
Promoter and promoter-group holdings
| Holder | Shares Sep-26 | % Sep-26 | Shares Jun-26 | % Jun-26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tarun Dua | 7,46,47,790 | 36.31 | 7,46,47,790 | 36.31 |
| Suchinta Baweja (Indian; relationship not stated) | 29,38,680 | 1.43 | 29,38,680 | 1.43 |
| Shailly Dua (NRI / foreign) | 29,11,180 | 1.42 | 30,09,180 | 1.46 |
| Megha Raheja | 1,77,040 | 0.09 | 1,77,040 | 0.09 |
| Himanshu Baweja (foreign) | 1,77,040 | 0.09 | 1,77,040 | 0.09 |
| Srishti Baweja | 1,47,540 | 0.07 | 1,47,540 | 0.07 |
| Promoter and promoter group | 8,09,99,270 | 39.40 | 8,10,97,270 | 39.45 |
Shailly Dua sold 98,000 shares between Jul and 21 Sep 2026 (the AGM voting XBRL already shows 8,09,99,270 at the 21 Sep cut-off); about Rs 4.4-6.8 cr at Rs 450-690, above the Rs 10 lakh PIT Reg 7(2) threshold [Est.]. NSE's PIT database returned an empty list for the whole Jan 2025 to Oct 2026 window (it also shows nothing for Tarun Dua's May-2025 sale), so the absence of a disclosure there is inconclusive (G-5). Three of eight directors are one household (husband, wife, wife's sister), all executive; Shailly Dua and Megha Raheja did not vote at the 2025 or 2026 AGMs. Mukesh Kumar Raheja (42,06,290 shares, 2.05%) is classified as public and shares a surname with WTD Megha Raheja; relationship undisclosed.
Key management and senior management
| Name | Role | Since | Background |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitin Jain | CFO (KMP) | 18 Apr 2025 | CA, 20+ years: CFO Bata Malaysia Sdn Bhd; Finance Controller Bata India; EY assurance (Hindustan Coca-Cola, Jubilant FoodWorks); HT Media; Macquarie |
| Ronit (Gaba) | Company Secretary and Compliance Officer | 1 Dec 2023 | ACS A59215, LL.B Delhi University; 8+ years (sugar, automobile) |
| K. R. Mohamed Imran | Co-founder, CTO | 15 Mar 2010 | MS (Information and Communication, by research), Anna University; B.E. CS; open source and networking; the only long-tenured non-family leader |
| Bakshish Dutta | Chief Business Officer | 1 Jul 2025 | B.E.; sales and business scaling |
| M. Kesava Reddy | CRO | 1 Jun 2018 to 30 Jun 2026 | B.E., AMIE; resigned 12 Jun 2026 for "personal commitments"; no other material reason, no claims |
| Anand Ganapathy | CRO | 24 Sep 2026 | Ex-IBM, Dell (VMware per one source) |
| Amit Mehta | SVP Capacity and Infrastructure (SMP) | 5 Aug 2026 | Not retrieved |
| Vinod Kumar | SVP and Field CTO | Q2 FY27 | Named on the Q2 call |
| Abhishek Shindadkar | Head of Founder's Office | Q2 FY27 | Named on the Q2 call |
| Vishnu Subramanian | Founder, Jarvislabs.ai | Dec 2025 | Joined with the asset deal |
| Strategic advisors | Onboarded from 22 Apr 2026 | 2026 | Anandamoy Roychowdhary (MD, Crane Venture Partners); Alok Ohrie (ex-MD Dell Technologies India) |
CFO history: Srishti Baweja (earlier years), Megha Raheja (Jul 2021 to 17 Apr 2025), Nitin Jain (from 18 Apr 2025; announced with Q4 FY25 results). CS history: Sumit Bansal (to Mar 2019), Neha Baid (from Mar 2019), Richa Gupta (resigned Oct 2023), Ronit (Dec 2023). Workforce 207 (175 men, 32 women); attrition 33.5% FY26 (40.9% FY25, 36.5% FY24). CFO, CBO, CRO, Field CTO and SVP Infrastructure all joined in the last 18 months: key-person dependence on Tarun Dua is high [Analyst View].
Board of directors (26 Oct 2026)
| Director | Category | Appointed | Term | Background | Committees / shares |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaurav Munjal (DIN 02363421) | Chairman, Independent | 9 Feb 2018 | Second (final) term from 9 Feb 2023, ends about 8 Feb 2028 | B.Tech Mechanical and M.Tech, IIT Bombay; founder-MD of Infollion Research Services Ltd (NSE SME); ex-Info Edge, Schlumberger, Rhizo Technologies; founded Huksa | Chairs Audit and SRC; NRC, CSR, RMC, Borrowing; nil shares |
| Karthik Reddy Bezawada (DIN 02214476) | Independent | 29 Jan 2026 | To 28 Jan 2031 (postal ballot 27 Apr 2026) | Born 28 May 1973. Co-founder and MP, Blume Ventures (US$650 mn+ AUM, 175+ investments); IVCA Chair 2022-24; SEBI AIPAC; National Startups Advisory Council; IIT Roorkee, IIM Bangalore, Wharton; 16 directorships | Chairs NRC; Audit, SRC, CSR, Borrowing; 1,60,640 shares |
| Sonu Gosain Soni (DIN 11003461) | Independent (woman) | 24 Mar 2025 | To 23 Mar 2030 (EGM 23 Jun 2025) | Born 21 Feb 1972. IIM Bangalore, PEC Chandigarh; ex-Microsoft (Director OEM), Cisco, HP, Sun Microsystems, NIIT Technologies, Punjab Communications; co-founded a carbon advisory firm | Audit, NRC, SRC; nil |
| Tarun Dua | MD, Executive, Promoter | 20 Aug 2009 | To 30 Jan 2031 | See above | 36.31% |
| Srishti Baweja | WTD and COO, Executive | 31 Jan 2018 | To 30 Jan 2031 | See above | 0.07% |
| Megha Raheja | WTD, Executive | 4 Dec 2024 | To 3 Dec 2029 | See above | 0.09% |
| Prashant Chiranjive Jain (DIN 06828019) | L&T nominee, Non-executive | 4 Dec 2024 | Nominee | Senior L&T executive, described in press as heading L&T-Vyoma; ex-MD GE Power India; 15+ years Siemens; Schneider Electric India; B.Tech EEE (NBKR); Executive MBA ESMT Berlin | No committees; nil |
| Krishnan Mahesh (DIN 08544681) | L&T nominee, Additional Non-executive | 16 Oct 2026 | Nominee | Heads L&T M&A and the L&T Innovation Fund; led L&T's E2E investment and the LTI-Mindtree merger; IIM Ahmedabad (1994), B.Com Madras; ex-Edelweiss, Morgan Stanley, PowerGen, Shell | n.a. |
Eight directors: 3 executive (all one family), 2 L&T nominees, 3 independent; independent chair, so the one-third test (Reg 17(1)(b)) is met at 37.5% with no headroom. Women 4 of 8 at Mar-26, 3 of 8 after Ambastha's exit. D&O insurance in place. L&T nominees sit on no committee. The Q2 FY27 outcome letter says the annexure profiles "Mr. Karthik Reddy Bezawada"; the annexure is Krishnan Mahesh's.
| Exits (last two years) | Category | Joined | Left | Stated reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Varun Pratap Rajda | Independent | n.a. | 4 Dec 2024 | Not retrieved (same day as L&T allotment) |
| Aditya Bhushan | "Additional Director" (independence unconfirmed) | n.a. | 28 Mar 2025 | Not retrieved |
| Naman Kailashprasad Sarawagi | Independent | 18 Feb 2019 | 28 Aug 2025 | Personal reasons / professional commitments |
| Ashish Bhupendra Fafadia | Independent | 28 Aug 2025 (AGM 99.99%) | 29 Jan 2026 | Personal reasons / professional commitments (about 5 months) |
| Shrimati Ambastha (DIN 08393018) | L&T nominee; CEO L&T-Cloudfiniti; ex-SEVP NTT India GDC, Oracle, VMware | 4 Dec 2024 | 12 Oct 2026 | "Due to other professional commitments"; L&T nominated Krishnan Mahesh |
| Committee (31 Mar 2026) | Chair | Members | FY26 meetings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Audit | Gaurav Munjal | Bezawada, Soni (all independent) | 5 (Munjal 4/5, Soni 5/5) |
| Nomination and Remuneration | Karthik Reddy Bezawada | Munjal, Soni | 7 (Munjal 5/7) |
| Stakeholders' Relationship | Gaurav Munjal | Bezawada, Soni | 1 |
| CSR | Srishti Baweja | Munjal, Bezawada | None (approvals by circulation) |
| Risk Management (from 1 Apr 2025) | Srishti Baweja | Megha Raheja, Munjal | 2 (9 and 27 Mar 2026) |
| Borrowing | Tarun Dua | Srishti Baweja, Bezawada, Munjal (Soni left 11 Sep 2025) | 1 |
| Fund Raise (from 29 Sep 2025) | Tarun Dua | Srishti Baweja, Megha Raheja (no independent) | 4 |
FY26 board met 7 times (17 Apr, 22 Jul, 28 Aug, 29 Sep, 11 Nov 2025; 15 Jan, 31 Mar 2026): Tarun, Srishti, Megha, Prashant Jain, Sonu Soni 7/7; Munjal 6/7; Ambastha 6/7; Fafadia 3/3; Sarawagi 2/3; Bezawada 1/1. One separate ID meeting (18 Mar 2026). Board evaluation 6 Jun 2026; no dissent recorded. Sitting fees FY26: Soni Rs 1.40 lakh, Munjal Rs 1.20 lakh, Fafadia Rs 0.60 lakh, Sarawagi Rs 0.50 lakh, Bezawada Rs 0.15 lakh; L&T nominees nil; no commission. Munjal sits on six of seven committees and must step down by about Feb 2028. Bezawada: Blume Fund I seeded E2E in 2011 (Rs 35 lakh), sold in the 2018 OFS and exited in 2023 at about 20x; legally independent, but a long-standing associate of the founder now chairing the NRC that sets founder pay [Analyst View].
Shareholding pattern, 30 Sep 2026 vs 30 Jun 2026 (SHP XBRL)
| Category | Shares Sep-26 | % Sep-26 | Shares Jun-26 | % Jun-26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Promoter and promoter group | 8,09,99,270 | 39.40 | 8,10,97,270 | 39.45 |
| Larsen & Toubro Ltd (bodies corporate, public) | 3,40,66,483 | 16.57 | 3,79,33,290 | 18.45 |
| Mutual funds | 57,49,895 (6 schemes) | 2.80 | 72,93,575 (2) | 3.55 |
| of which Bandhan Small Cap Fund | 45,75,221 | 2.23 | 70,03,325 | 3.41 |
| AIFs | 58,39,802 | 2.84 | 51,77,800 | 2.52 |
| Domestic institutions total | 1,15,89,697 | 5.64 | 1,24,71,375 | 6.07 |
| FPI Category I / II | 29,11,668 / 22,90,169 | 1.42 / 1.11 | 17,32,895 / 8,92,374 | 0.84 / 0.43 |
| FPI total | 52,01,837 | 2.53 | 26,25,269 | 1.28 |
| Resident individuals up to Rs 2 lakh | 4,58,44,024 | 22.30 | 4,41,87,018 | 21.50 |
| Resident individuals above Rs 2 lakh | 1,61,24,654 | 7.84 | n.a. | n.a. |
| Mukesh Kumar Raheja / Freeman Cameron Murray / Shalu Aggarwal | 42,06,290 / 28,94,832 / 21,07,320 | 2.05 / 1.41 / 1.03 | 42,60,290 / 29,70,000 / n.a. | 2.07 / 1.44 / n.a. |
| NRIs | n.a. | 1.22 | n.a. | n.a. |
| Bodies corporate total | 3,77,00,468 | 18.34 | 4,07,55,321 | 19.83 |
| Employee welfare trust | 1,07,000 | 0.05 | 1,07,000 | 0.05 |
| Public total | 12,44,58,620 | 60.54 | 12,43,60,620 | 60.50 |
| Total shares / shareholders | 20,55,64,890 / 1,15,125 | 100 | 20,55,64,890 / 86,433 | 100 |
Holder counts in Q2 (MarketsMojo): FPIs 20 to 34, MF entries 2 to 6, other DIIs 17 to 21. Institutions held 1,63,82,128 shares (7.97%) on the 21 Sep 2026 AGM cut-off. Mar-26 distribution (AR): 89 holders above 10,000 pre-split shares own 79.06%; 98% of holders own under 500 shares.
Shareholding trend
| Quarter end | Total shares (pre-split until Mar-26) | Promoter % | NDU % of promoter | L&T % | MF % | FPI % | DII % | Holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dec 2023 | n.a. | 59.71 | nil | n.a. | n.a. | 1.68 | 6.09 | 5,960 |
| Mar 2024 | 1,44,75,126 | 59.71 | nil | n.a. | n.a. | 1.67 | 5.75 | n.a. |
| Jun 2024 | n.a. | 59.66 | nil | n.a. | n.a. | 1.28 | 4.31 | 14,907 |
| Sep 2024 | 1,68,84,300 | 51.56 | nil | n.a. | n.a. | 3.39 | 4.11 | n.a. |
| Dec 2024 | about 1.99 cr | 43.83 | 56.25 | 15.00 | n.a. | 3.04 | 3.67 | 38,377 |
| Mar 2025 | 1,99,67,858 | 43.60 | 56.25 (48,97,232 sh) | 14.92 (29,79,579) | n.a. | 3.82 | 3.80 | n.a. |
| Jun 2025 | 1,99,72,058 | 40.61 | 60.39 | 18.99 (37,93,329) | 1.86 | 2.97 | 3.48 | 50,655 |
| Sep 2025 | 2,01,17,189 | 40.31 | 60.39 | 18.86 | 2.73 | 2.48 | 4.07 | 54,211 |
| Dec 2025 | 2,01,23,689 | 40.30 | 60.39 | 18.85 | 4.29 | 0.97 | 5.57 | 59,053 |
| 26 Feb 2026 (QIP) | 2,05,54,989 | 39.45 | 60.39 | 18.45 | 4.23 | 1.42 | n.a. | n.a. |
| Mar 2026 | 2,05,56,489 | 39.45 | 60.39 | 18.45 | 4.19 | 0.91 | 6.58 | 70,605 |
| Jun 2026 | 20,55,64,890 | 39.45 | 60.39 | 18.45 (3,79,33,290) | 3.55 | 1.28 | 6.07 | 86,433 |
| Sep 2026 | 20,55,64,890 | 39.40 | 60.46 | 16.57 (3,40,66,483) | 2.80 | 2.53 | 5.64 | 1,15,125 |
Dec-2023 to Sep-2024 and DII columns from Screener/Trendlyne aggregation; Mar-25 onward from exchange SHP XBRL (C-3, C-19). Sep-25 promoter 40.31% filed (Screener 40.35%). Mar-26 holders 70,605 per AR (Screener 68,946); Sep-25 holders 54,211 on the AGM record date (another feed 53,403). Mar-25 FPI is the "foreign institutions" line. Named MF: Bandhan Large & Mid Cap Fund at Jun-25, Sep-25, Feb-26 and Mar-26 (7,92,032 pre-split, 3.85%); Bandhan Small Cap Fund at Dec-25 (4.05%), Jun-26 (3.41%) and Sep-26 (2.23%). Promoter path: 59.71% to 51.56% (Sep-24 preferential), 43.83% (L&T allotment), 40.61% (founder's 2.98% secondary to L&T, May 2025), 39.45% (ESOPs and Feb-26 QIP), 39.40% (Shailly Dua sale).
Smart money: who is buying and selling
| Investor | Holding | Change | Read |
|---|---|---|---|
| Larsen & Toubro | 16.57% | Sold 38,66,807 shares (1.88%) after 31 Aug 2026 | Profitable even after the trim: preferential cost Rs 362 a share split-adjusted; remaining stake worth about Rs 2,025 cr [Est.] |
| FPIs | 2.53% (34 holders) | Doubled from 1.28% in Q2; nearly tripled from 0.91% in Mar-26 | DSIJ: "FIIs nearly double their stake" |
| Mutual funds | 2.80% (6 schemes) | Down three quarters from the 4.29% Dec-25 peak | Bandhan trimming while JM Mid Cap, Union Aggressive Hybrid, Union Flexi Cap entered [Est.] |
| AIFs | 2.84% | 2.39% (Mar-26), 2.52% (Jun), 2.84% (Sep) | Likely Alchemy, Niveshaay and other QIP/preferential participants |
| Retail | 1,15,125 holders | +63% in two quarters (from 70,605 at Mar-26 per AR; +67% on Screener's 68,946) | Split, BSE listing, AI narrative; forum bears call it a late-momentum signal |
| Ashish Kacholia | Not named above 1% (1.05% in Sep 2024) | Exited or below 1% (about 0.86% if unchanged) | Bought 1,77,043 shares (about Rs 30 cr) in the Sep-24 preferential |
| Jetha Global Master Fund (FPI) | Not above 1% | Took 18.69% of the QIP | FPI entry Feb 2026 |
| Blume Ventures | Exited Jul 2023 | Sold about 10.9 lakh pre-split shares at Rs 168-201 (adj Rs 17-20) | Early venture backer |
| QIP allottees above 5% (26 Feb 2026) | Shares | % of issue |
|---|---|---|
| Bandhan Small Cap Fund | 80,000 | 18.69 |
| Jetha Global Master Fund | 80,000 | 18.69 |
| Bandhan Large & Mid Cap | 58,000 | 13.55 |
| Union Flexi Cap | 40,000 | 9.35 |
| Bandhan Innovation | 24,000 | 5.61 |
| Bandhan Aggressive Hybrid (below 5%) | 6,000 | 1.40 |
| Bandhan schemes combined | 1,68,000 | 39.3 |
| MF schemes (Groww; E2E weight in scheme) | Weight |
|---|---|
| JM Mid Cap Fund | 1.37% |
| Union Aggressive Hybrid | 0.52% |
| Bandhan Small Cap | 0.45% |
| Union Flexi Cap | 0.38% |
Also allotted in the QIP: Alchemy Long Term Ventures Fund Series 2, Niveshaay funds (JSA advised). Sep-2024 preferential allottees included Ashish Kacholia, promoter-family members (Megha Raheja 17,704; Himanshu Baweja 17,704; Srishti Baweja 14,754; Shailly Dua 10,000; Suchinta Baweja 2,950), RBA Finance & Investment, Kaushik Daga, Malik Rare LLP, Generational Capital Breakout Fund 1, Jasmine Ajay Sarupria, AJ Capital, NAV Capital Emerging Star Fund; corrigendum added Pico Capital, Pernika Narayan, Aditi Saraff, Sabena Widhani, Anil Bansal. One report wrongly named the "Gauri Khan Family Trust"; the filing shows Generational Capital Breakout Fund 1 for that line. Promoter holding 59.66% to 51.56% on that issue.
Promoter encumbrance: a Non-Disposal Undertaking in favour of L&T, not a pledge
| Evidence | What it says |
|---|---|
| SHP XBRL, 30 Jun and 30 Sep 2026 | "Pledged" = false; "non-disposal undertaking" = true; "other than pledge or NDU" = false. NDU shares 4,89,72,320 = 60.46% of promoter holding (60.39% at Jun-26), 23.82% of equity. Tarun Dua 4,88,82,850 (65.48% of his holding); Srishti Baweja 89,470 (60.64% of hers). Quantity unchanged since first disclosed |
| L&T Reg 29(1), 6 Dec 2024 (PDF p.2-3) | After allotment L&T reports 29,79,579 shares (15.00%) plus "Shares in the nature of encumbrance (pledge/lien/non-disposal undertaking/others)" 48,97,232 (24.65%); mode "Encumbrance - Restrictions in terms of Investment Agreement" |
| Company clarification to NSE, 2 Feb 2025 | For three years from closing, promoters shall not transfer more than a certain number of shares (24.65% of total; 56.25% of promoter group at 31 Dec 2024) without L&T's prior written consent; "promoters have not created any pledge on any of their E2E shares against any borrowing/credit facility"; "Encumbrance on their E2E shares is only due to NDU" |
| L&T Reg 29(2), 19 May 2025, Note 1 | (a) "no Promoter is permitted to create any encumbrance" without L&T's consent; (b) for 3 years from 4 Dec 2024 promoters need consent to transfer more than 19,86,386 pre-split shares; the encumbrance "is only for disclosure purposes ... and does not represent shareholding or voting rights of the Investor" |
| Arithmetic [Est.] | Founders held 80,75,449 pre-split at allotment, less 11,91,831 earmarked for the L&T secondary, less 19,86,386 freely transferable = 48,97,232, the encumbered block |
| Expiry | Limb (b) runs to about 4 Dec 2027; limb (a), the ban on promoters creating any encumbrance, has no stated expiry. Do not assume the NDU disclosure falls away in Dec 2027 |
| Reg 31(4) declarations (FY25, FY26) | No encumbrance created "except for those already disclosed" |
| NSE pledge database (26 Oct 2026) | Empty |
| Why aggregators say "pledge" | Old-format SHP (Mar-25 XBRL) used the combined tag "PledgedOrEncumbered" (48,97,232; 58.39% of Indian promoter individuals) [Est.]; MarketsMojo flags "pledge 60.39%" |
Implication [Analyst View]: no margin-call or forced-sale risk; it does limit promoter liquidity, gives L&T a veto over a founder exit until about Dec 2027 and over any future pledge indefinitely, and could matter in a control change. The promoters' original Reg 31(1) form was not retrieved (G-4); 3_gov's "24 Dec 2024" date is unverified.
L&T stake walk
| Date | Event | Shares | Holding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Nov 2024 | Investment agreement: up to about 21% for Rs 1,407.02 cr (15% preferential Rs 1,079.27 cr + about 6% secondary from Tarun Dua, 11,91,831 at Rs 2,750 = Rs 327.75 cr); stock +5% to a record | n.a. | n.a. |
| 4 Dec 2024 | Preferential allotment at Rs 3,622.25 (10-day VWAP; 90-day VWAP Rs 2,294.44; valuer Rs 3,225.68); SAST 29(1) filed 12 Dec 2024 | 29,79,579 pre-split | 15.00% |
| After 6 Dec 2024 | Market purchases, incl. NSE bulk deal 25 Apr 2025 of 1,22,625 at Rs 2,122.42 | 2,17,834 pre-split in total | n.a. |
| 15 May 2025 | "Acquired from promoter" under the amended agreement (secondary cut to 2.98%) | 5,95,916 pre-split | 18.99% (37,93,329) |
| Sep-25 to Jun-26 | Passive dilution from QIP and ESOPs; share count unchanged | 37,93,329 pre-split = 3,79,33,290 post-split | 18.86%, 18.85%, 18.45% |
| 31 Aug 2026 | AGM notice: "L&T holds 18.45% ... as on the date of this Notice" | 3,79,33,290 | 18.45% |
| 21 Sep 2026 | AGM cut-off: Resolution 10 public non-institution votes 68,49,486 vs 4,14,15,969 on Resolution 1, one fewer voter (104 vs 105) | about 3,45,66,483 [Est.] | about 16.82% |
| 30 Sep 2026 | SHP | 3,40,66,483 | 16.57% |
| Total reduction | About 33.7 lakh 31 Aug to 21 Sep; 5,00,000 22-30 Sep [Est.] | 38,66,807 sold | -1.88% of equity |
No disclosure of the sale exists in NSE's SAST Reg 29 database (last L&T entry 21 May 2025) and no bulk/block deal appears; the GoodReturns feed shows none between May 2025 and Oct 2026 apart from an NK Securities round trip. Disposal of 1.88% is below the 2% Reg 29(2) trigger; vs the last disclosed 18.99% the stake is down 2.42 pp, of which 0.54 pp was passive dilution. L&T is not a promoter or designated person, so PIT Reg 7(2) likely does not apply (a reading, not a legal opinion). At Rs 600-700 the sale was worth about Rs 232-271 cr [Est.]. 6_heard's "Apr-Sep" window and its Jun-2026 "-0.78 pp" category signal do not reflect L&T, which was unchanged at Jun-26. An undated TradingView snippet said L&T would "limit its stake acquisition to 4%".
L&T agreements and special rights
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Documents | Investment Agreement 5 Nov 2024 (L&T, company, Tarun Dua, Srishti Baweja); Shareholders' Agreement 4 Dec 2024; restated Articles (Part B); amendment 15 May 2025 capping the secondary at 2.98% |
| Board rights | Up to 2 of 8 directors (board to include 3 IDs), one not liable to retire by rotation, while L&T holds at least 10% fully diluted |
| Information rights | Quarterly data within 23/28 days of quarter-end |
| Transfer rights | ROFO/ROFR on promoter share transfers; tag-along and drag-along; NDU and no-encumbrance covenants (above) |
| Status | Public, non-promoter shareholder without control; rights subject to periodic shareholder approval (Reg 31B) |
| Commercial RPTs (EGM 27 Nov 2024) | Reseller agreement up to Rs 35 cr a year for 3 years; co-location from L&T and subsidiaries up to Rs 30 cr a year for 10 years; software licence to L&T up to Rs 30 cr a year for 5 years from 1 Jan 2025 |
| Co-location limit raised (17th AGM) | Rs 30 cr to Rs 100 cr a year (40.72% of FY26 turnover); FY26 spend Rs 13.42 cr; Apr-Jun 2026 Rs 7.55 cr (annualising about Rs 30 cr) |
| Other links | L&T-Vyoma Chennai hosts the Hopper and B200 clusters; 20 Feb 2026 non-binding, non-exclusive MoU for E2E to orchestrate/sell GPU capacity built by L&T-Vyoma ("exploratory"); Rs 8.49 cr GPU order routed via L&T (2 Jan 2026) |
| Competing capacity | L&T-Vyoma / LTN Compute won a Together AI order (13 Aug 2026) for a 10,000-GPU B300 factory in Chennai (8,000 for Together AI, 2,000 for others), operated by Vyoma, live by about Nov 2026; Vyoma capex Rs 10,000-12,000 cr; reported Rs 10,000-15,000 cr order. An analyst on the Q2 call said L&T was buying about 10,000 B300s; management declined to comment |
| Management line | "We have a completely arm's length relationship with L&T", "a valued partner" (Q2 FY27 call) |
Insider trading and SAST disclosures
| Date | Person | Action | Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| May-Jun 2020, May-Jun 2021 | Tarun Dua | Open-market purchases | Holding to about 80.6 lakh pre-split |
| 2018; Jun-Jul 2023 | Blume Ventures Fund I (Karthik Reddy's fund) | OFS in 2018; about 10 lakh pre-split in 2023; full exit at about 20x on Rs 35 lakh seed | n.a. |
| Jul 2023 | Graviton Research, NK Securities, GKN, Parth Infin, Crony Vyapar, Ramdoot Realtors, Yuga Stocks; India Equity Fund 1 | Trading churn at Rs 179-266; India Equity Fund 1 bought 1,05,000 at Rs 170.53 | Pre-split prices |
| Feb 2024 | Naman Sarawagi (then ID) | Sale | 1,500 pre-split |
| 4 / 12 Dec 2024 | L&T | Preferential allotment; SAST 29(1) | 29,79,579 pre-split (15%) |
| Dec 2024 | Tarun Dua, Srishti Baweja | NDU in favour of L&T (reported as encumbrance) | 48,97,232 pre-split |
| 25 Apr 2025 | L&T | Bulk buy, NSE | 1,22,625 at Rs 2,122.42 |
| 15 May 2025 | Tarun Dua to L&T | Off-market secondary; Reg 29(2) on 19-21 May | 5,95,916 (2.98%) at Rs 2,750 |
| 5 Sep 2025 | Airavat Capital Trust to Airavat Capital Trust II | Inter-fund block | 80,933 at Rs 2,867 |
| FY26 | Karthik Reddy Bezawada | Holding at appointment | 16,064 pre-split |
| 18 Feb 2026 | NK Securities Research | Same-day buy and sell on the NVIDIA-news day | 1,03,899 each at Rs 2,915.5 / 2,916.6 |
| Jul to 21 Sep 2026 | Shailly Dua (promoter group) | Sale (SHP and record-date arithmetic) | 98,000 post-split (about 0.05%) |
| 31 Aug to 30 Sep 2026 | L&T | Sale, no disclosure found | 38,66,807 post-split (1.88%) |
No open-market sales by Tarun Dua or Srishti Baweja in 2024-26; no promoter purchases since 2021. Trading-window closures and a PIT code with a UPSI-leak inquiry procedure exist; the Audit Committee reviews PIT compliance. L&T receives quarterly information under its agreement, so its trading near results deserves scrutiny even though no disclosure was legally triggered [Analyst View].
Related-party transactions (AR Note 36, Rs lakh)
| Counterparty | Nature | FY26 | FY25 | Balance 31 Mar 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Key management personnel | Remuneration | 438.18 | 328.85 | 34.91 payable |
| Key management personnel | Reimbursement | 1.32 | 3.55 | n.a. |
| Larsen & Toubro Ltd | Services availed (co-location) | 1,342.03 | nil | Trade payable 368.19 |
| Larsen & Toubro Ltd | Services provided | 223.66 | 9.48 | Unbilled revenue 209.35 |
| Infollion Research Services Ltd (chairman Gaurav Munjal is MD) | Services provided | 1.27 | 0.14 | n.a. |
| ATS Services Pvt Ltd (link not stated) | Services provided | nil | 2.21 | n.a. |
| Constellation BLU Management Consultants LLP (likely Karthik Reddy-linked [Est.]) | Legal and professional fee | nil | 0.59 | n.a. |
L&T is listed under "Enterprises over which Key Managerial Personnel are able to exercise significant influence". Also listed without transactions: Infollion Research Services Corp.; Constellation Blu Advisory, Blume Venture Advisors, Blume Venture Investment Manager LLP, Blume Ventures Investment Manager IFSC LLP, 3F Ventures Investment Manager LLP, 3F Venture Partners II LLP, 3F Ventures Management Consultants LLP (all Karthik Reddy Bezawada). RPT share: purchases 1.72%, sales 0.92% (BRSR). No AOC-2; no loans to director-interested entities; the Jarvis Labs purchase is not a related party; the sovereign term sheet is stated to be non-related. The ID-chairman's company buying E2E cloud is trivial but a pecuniary link. RPT intensity is low and the main counterparty is the strategic investor, not a promoter entity [Analyst View].
Remuneration
| Director | FY26 paid | Ratio to median | Change vs FY25 | New ceiling (1 Sep 2026 to 31 Mar 2029) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tarun Dua (MD) | Rs 1.25 cr (salary only) | 10.87x | 0% | Rs 2.50 cr |
| Srishti Baweja (WTD, COO) | Rs 1.25 cr | 10.87x | 0% | Rs 1.50 cr |
| Megha Raheja (WTD) | Rs 0.6995 cr | 6.09x | +7.70% | Rs 0.70 cr (terms modified) |
| Total executive directors | Rs 3.1995 cr | n.a. | n.a. | about Rs 4.70 cr |
FY26 pay exceeded Sec 197 / Schedule V limits because of the FY26 loss; the auditor reported it ("the remuneration paid by the company to its directors during the year is in excess of the limits as specified under the provisions of section 197 ... as the Company does not have adequate profits", AR PDF p.131) and it was the only exception in the secretarial audit. Excess Rs 3,19,95,000; waiver under Sec 197(10) passed at the 17th AGM (99.9973%). Median employee pay +24.24%, average +33.60% vs managerial +0.15%; KMP total Rs 4.38 cr. No commission, ESOPs or variable pay to executive directors. Absolute pay is modest for a company with a Rs 12,218 cr market cap [Analyst View].
Shareholder voting
| 17th AGM, 28 Sep 2026 (resolution) | Overall for | Institutions for / against | Promoter vote |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Adoption of FY26 accounts | 99.9988% | 100% / 0% | For |
| 2 Megha Raheja re-appointment | 99.985% | 99.79% / 0.21% | For |
| 3 Waiver of FY26 excess ED remuneration (special) | 99.9973% | 100% / 0% | For |
| 4 Revised remuneration, Tarun Dua (special) | 99.9973% | 100% / 0% | For |
| 5 Revised remuneration, Srishti Baweja (special) | 99.9973% | 100% / 0% | For |
| 6 Modified terms, Megha Raheja (special) | 99.9973% | 100% / 0% | For |
| 7 Raise up to Rs 1,500 cr (QIP / rights / FPO; special) | 99.9988% (12,67,58,014 for, 1,513 against) | 100% / 0% (74,36,288 for) | For (7,79,11,050) |
| 8 Borrowing powers to Rs 10,000 cr (special) | 95.527% | 23.8% / 76.2% (17,67,782 for, 56,68,506 against) | For |
| 9 Sec 180(1)(a) security creation (special) | 99.56% | 92.47% / 7.53% | For |
| 10 Material modification of material RPTs with L&T (co-location limit to Rs 100 cr) | 99.9984% (9,21,95,311 for, 1,513 against) | 100% / 0% | For, 7,79,11,050 shares; L&T did not vote |
17th AGM by VC, 11:30 to 12:19; cut-off 21 Sep 2026; 1,20,701 holders; 61.67% of shares voted; institutions polled 45.39%; promoters voted 7,79,11,050 of 8,09,99,270 (96.19%). On all ten resolutions the form answers "Whether promoter/promoter group are interested in the agenda/resolution" = No, including their own pay and the L&T RPT. On Resolution 10, public votes were 1,42,84,261 for (institutions 74,36,288 + non-institutions 68,47,973) and 1,513 against, so it would have passed without the promoter vote; LODR Reg 23(4) bars all related parties, the promoter group included, from voting to approve material RPTs [Analyst View: potential procedural non-compliance; no regulatory action known]. Board meeting of 31 Aug 2026 convened the AGM for 28 Sep 2026.
| 16th AGM, 26 Sep 2025 (resolution) | Overall for | Institutions for / against |
|---|---|---|
| Adoption of FY25 accounts | 100% | 100% / 0% |
| Re-appointment of Srishti Baweja | 99.98% | 99.55% / 0.45% |
| MAKS & Co. as secretarial auditor | 100% | 100% / 0% |
| Ashish Fafadia as ID (special) | 99.99% | 99.77% / 0.23% |
| Borrowing powers to Rs 5,000 cr | 95.80% | 19.02% / 80.98% |
| Sec 180(1)(a) security creation | 99.97% | 99.42% / 0.58% |
| ESOP 2021 amendments (vesting to 7 years; exercise period at NRC discretion) | 95.79% | 19.02% / 80.98% (5,39,449 of 6,66,171 against) |
| Change in objects, Rs 405.66 cr issue (+ pledge of unutilised funds) | 99.9998% | 100% / 0% |
| Change in objects, Rs 1,079.28 cr issue (+ pledge of unutilised funds) | 99.9998% | 100% / 0% |
16th AGM: record date 19 Sep 2025; 54,211 holders; 63.93% voted; promoters voted 77,91,105 pre-split shares (96.07%). Other approvals: EGM 27 Nov 2024 (L&T preferential and RPTs); postal ballot 4 Jan 2025 (Megha Raheja WTD); EGM 23 Jun 2025 (Sonu Soni); postal ballot 30 Oct 2025 (QIP Rs 1,000 cr, authorised capital, Tarun and Srishti re-appointments); postal ballot 27 Apr 2026 (Bezawada; notice 23 Mar 2026); postal ballot 21 May 2026 (split). Minority dissent cannot block resolutions: promoters (39%) plus L&T (16-18%) outweigh it.
Auditors
| Role | Firm | Tenure | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Statutory | GSA & Associates LLP (FRN 000257N/N500339); partner Tanuj Chugh (M. No. 529619) | 24 Aug 2022 AGM, FY23 to FY27; first term ends 2027 AGM | FY26 (report 20 Apr 2026) unmodified; no emphasis of matter; single KAM revenue recognition; IFC unmodified; audit trail operated; para 2(h) Sec 197 excess. Q1 and Q2 FY27 limited reviews unmodified (consolidated covers only Sovcloud; UDIN 26529619KPPRGW2139) |
| Secretarial | MAKS & Co. (FRN P2018UP067700), partner Ankush Agarwal | FY26 to FY30 (16th AGM, 100%) | "Generally complied" except Sec 197; CG certificate clean; non-disqualification certificate dated 2027 (slip) |
| Internal | VPS & Co. resigned 15 Jan 2026 ("pre-occupation"); SCV & Co. LLP appointed 15 Jan 2026 w.e.f. 1 Oct 2025 | n.a. | Mid-year change with retrospective effect |
| Fees | Statutory Rs 7.0 lakh + tax audit Rs 0.5 lakh = Rs 7.5 lakh (unchanged) | CG report splits Rs 6.5 + 1.0 lakh | Very low for a Rs 2,328 cr balance sheet [Analyst View] |
CARO 2020 (FY26): IP intangibles revalued +Rs 105.29 lakh (9.11%) by a registered valuer; no Benami; no default, not a wilful defaulter; term loans used for stated purpose; no short-term funds used long-term; no fraud, no ADT-4; whistle-blower complaints "taken into consideration"; RPTs compliant with Sec 177/188; no cash losses; no disputed statutory dues; no auditor resignation. Inconsistencies: directors' report says no Sec 186 loans while disclosing a loan to the ESOP trust; vigil mechanism "no incidents" vs CARO's whistle-blower reference; directors' report says no secretarial qualification while the secretarial audit lists Sec 197; Note 37 nil contingents while the stamp-duty dispute arose from a 2025 circular. Pre-FY23 auditor and reason for the 2022 change not traced.
Subsidiaries and acquisitions
| Entity / deal | Date | Purpose | Size | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovcloud Technologies Ltd (WOS, India) | Incorporated 17 Jun 2026 | Vehicle to deploy and finance large GPU clusters ("appropriate funding arrangements"; "very early days"); one ValuePickr post says software business | Rs 1 lakh investment | "Has not commenced its business operations as at September 30, 2026" (Note 6); consolidated |
| Delaware entity (USA) | Q1 FY27 per management | International sales and alliances | Not disclosed | No filing; not consolidated (C-12) |
| Jarvis Labs AI Pvt Ltd (asset purchase) | APA 28 Aug 2025 (board approval 28-29 Aug); completed 16 Dec 2025 | IP, hardware, domains, customers; Jarvislabs.ai; founder joined | Rs 163 lakh incl. GST; servers Rs 138.14 lakh; goodwill nil | Platform relaunched Dec 2025; revenue undisclosed |
| SilverTap (asset acquisition, team integration) | Dec 2025 | Engineering talent | Not disclosed | In progress per Q3 FY26 summaries |
| L&T-Vyoma MoU | 20 Feb 2026 | Orchestrate/sell L&T-built GPU capacity | Non-binding | No definitive agreement |
| Associates / JVs / cross-holdings | n.a. | None | n.a. | n.a. |
Regulatory actions, litigation and disputes
| Matter | Authority / date | Amount / status |
|---|---|---|
| Stamp duty on demat share issuances 2021-2025 | Collector of Stamps, GNCTD; order 14 May 2026 (Secs 33, 38, 40, Indian Stamp Act); handed to counsel 19 May 2026 | Duty Rs 1,27,92,189 + penalty Rs 1,25,00,000 = Rs 2,52,92,189. Company says it paid via the depository mechanism (Sec 9A(1) / Art 56A); dispute stems from a 2025 Delhi revenue circular. Writ already filed (date not stated); Delhi HC interim stay 27 Jul 2026 conditional on Rs 1.25 cr in an interest-bearing FDR within a month. About 2% of FY26 EBITDA. Not mentioned in the AR published 5 Sep 2026 |
| The Ken article (17 Aug 2026) | Clarification 18 Aug 2026 | Article contains "factually incorrect statements"; no specifics; article paywalled |
| No prior intimation of the 31 Aug 2026 board meeting (LODR Reg 29) | NSE and BSE; board noted 16 Oct 2026 | Rs 10,000 + GST each (Rs 11,800 each) |
| NRC composition (LODR Reg 19) | NSE, quarters to Dec 2024 and Mar 2025 | Chairman designated NRC chair; levies paid; committee reconstituted 3 Feb 2025; NSE waived in full 11 Jun 2025 |
| Material-RPT voting (LODR Reg 23(4)) | 17th AGM | Promoter group voted for; no action known |
| Price/volume clarifications | NSE, 28 Jul 2025; 18 Feb 2026 | No new agreement beyond the 9 Jan 2026 release |
| SEBI / MCA / ROC; IBC / Benami / wilful default | n.a. | None found; directors certified not debarred |
| Income tax / GST | FY26 | No disputed statutory dues (CARO) |
| Investor complaints | SCORES / exchanges FY26 | 0 received, 0 pending; POSH nil |
Red flags and green flags
| # | Issue | Evidence | Severity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Promoter vote on the L&T material RPT; "not interested" declarations on their own pay | Voting XBRL | High |
| 2 | L&T drift: 1.88% sold without disclosure found; operating nominee replaced by M&A head; Vyoma building a competing 10,000-GPU factory; co-location RPT cap 3.3x | SHP, Reg 30, Inc42 | High |
| 3 | Thin, churning independent layer: minimum 3 of 8; three ID exits in about 14 months (four if Aditya Bhushan was independent); one after five months; chair on six of seven committees, term ends 2028 | CG report | Medium |
| 4 | Family concentration: all three EDs one household; Fund Raise Committee all-family | CG report | Medium |
| 5 | Unverified insider flows: Shailly Dua 98,000 shares; Mukesh Kumar Raheja classification | SHP | Medium |
| 6 | Leverage authority over institutional opposition (borrowing Rs 10,000 cr; ESOP flexibility; pledge of unutilised proceeds) | Voting results | Medium |
| 7 | Secretarial hygiene: wrong BSE code, mislabelled profile, Reg 29 fines, NRC lapse, contradictory AR statements, retrospective internal-auditor appointment | AR, filings | Medium |
| 8 | Disclosure regression: utilisation, contracted mix, capex and MRR guidance withdrawn on the Q2 FY27 call | Transcript | Medium |
| 9 | Low-cost audit (Rs 7.5 lakh) for a Rs 2,328 cr (Mar-26) balance sheet, Rs 2,640 cr by Sep-26; rotation due 2027 | AR Note 26 | Low-Medium |
| 10 | Sec 197 breach FY26 (technical, waived); MD ceiling doubled | Auditor; AGM | Low |
| 11 | NDU over 60% of promoter shares (in favour of L&T; no pledge) | SHP, L&T SAST | Low |
| G1 | Clean audit record; no CARO adverse findings, no fraud, no defaults | AR | Green |
| G2 | No pledge; founder never sold in the market; his one sale was to L&T below L&T's subscription price | SHP, SAST | Green |
| G3 | Low RPT intensity (1-2%), no promoter-entity dealings, no loans to promoter-linked parties | BRSR, Note 36 | Green |
| G4 | Modest founder pay (10.9x median), no commission or ESOPs | AR | Green |
| G5 | Independent chair; all-independent Audit Committee and NRC; high-quality new IDs | CG report | Green |
| G6 | CARE monitoring agency, no diversion; L&T priced at the 10-day VWAP (58% premium to the 90-day VWAP) | CARE MAR | Green |
| G7 | Zero investor complaints; timely results and AGMs; BSE dual listing | AR | Green |
Overall governance view [Analyst View]
Score 6 of 10. The founder's economics are aligned (36.31%, modest pay, no market sales, no pledge), the audit is clean and RPTs are small. Against that, the company is heading into a Rs 1,500 cr raise with a promoter vote on a material RPT unresolved, an all-family Fund Raise Committee that will price the issue, a strategic investor quietly selling while building competing capacity, and less KPI disclosure than a year ago. Watch: Dec-2026 SHP for L&T, nominee conduct, auditor rotation at the 2027 AGM, chair succession by Feb 2028, and any exchange response on the Reg 23(4) vote.Supply Chain
Upstream: what E2E depends on
| Input | Supplier(s) | Dependence and risk | Tag |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPUs (accelerators) | NVIDIA: 100% of the GPU fleet (Ampere, Ada, Hopper, Blackwell; B300 and Vera Rubin next). Relationship since 2019 ("a large global chip maker", ICRA). NVIDIA showcased E2E at the India AI Impact Summit (Feb 2026) among "next-generation cloud providers" building AI factories; E2E clarified it was an existing relationship, not a new contract | Single source at the silicon level; no AMD or ASIC. Allocation and timing risk (B200 slipped from "by Mar-26" to mid-May 2026). Mitigant: software claimed architecture-agnostic | [Fact] |
| GPU servers (OEM / ODM) | Not disclosed; no filing names Dell, Supermicro, HPE, Lenovo, Netweb or others. BRSR: 100% of inputs sourced "directly from within India", 3.97% from MSMEs; forex outgo only Rs 7.02 cr in FY26, so servers are bought in INR from Indian entities or distributors. CARE MAR names "8U NVIDIA HGX B200 Server" as the LC purpose. Strategic advisor Alok Ohrie (ex-MD Dell India) and CRO Anand Ganapathy (ex-IBM/Dell) are not evidence of a supply contract | BRSR flags "dependence on a limited number of suppliers for critical infrastructure components" as a material risk; supplier concentration high [Analyst View] | [Fact] |
| Networking | NVIDIA Quantum-2 InfiniBand NDR (NVIDIA Oct-2024 India post); Fortinet firewalls (licences capitalised Rs 4.95 cr) | NVIDIA again | [Fact] |
| Memory, CPU servers, storage | Not named | Memory-price inflation hit CPU servers harder than GPUs, forcing the Jul-26 price rises; HBM prices doubled in Q1 2026; Blackwell hardware +15-23% in 2026 | [Fact] |
| Colocation space, power, cooling | L&T-Vyoma (Chennai) is the only named landlord (Rs 13.42 cr FY26; non-exclusive; RPT cap now Rs 100 cr a year). Delhi NCR and Mumbai landlords undisclosed | "GPUs are chasing wherever there is power" (Oct-26). B300-class density needs liquid-cooled halls, concentrating choice in a few new builds (L&T, Yotta, NTT, CtrlS) [Analyst View] | [Fact] |
| Electricity | Billed through colocation (grid; 0% renewable FY26) | Rises with utilisation; flows into "purchase of services" | [Fact] |
| Capital | Banks (Axis, HDFC term loans; SBI FDs backing the LC), equity (L&T anchor), vendor credit (capital creditors Rs 872.53 cr at Mar-25, Rs 428.8 cr at Mar-26), possible private credit / asset-light (L&T MoU; Sovcloud SPV) | Every MW needs fresh debt or equity | [Fact] |
| Lead times | Order-to-deployment "3 to 6 months, typically"; advances "depend on the vendor" | "I do not see any fundamental supply chain challenges that are insurmountable" (Q2 call); management declined to say whether shortages change advances | [Fact] |
Input-cost pass-through
| Revenue type | Can E2E pass through cost? | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| On-demand / short-term | Yes, freely at reset | H100 spot up 25-30% in Apr-26 (analyst); E2E raised GPU and CPU list prices from 1 Jul 2026 (compute, block storage, snapshots, Kubernetes nodes) |
| Sovereign contract (to Jun 2029) | No, until renewal | Fixed about Rs 1,000 cr over the term |
| IndiaAI allocations | No; L1 rates fixed for the term, quarterly reset for new allocations | Bidders told IndiaAI (Apr 2026) rising memory and accelerator costs plus 3-5-year tenures make aggressive tariffs hard to sustain |
| CPU 6-12 month contracts | No; customers locked old prices with advances | Q1 FY27 call |
| Power | Only where colocation contracts are indexed; not disclosed | n.a. |
| FX | No natural hedge on capex; GPUs priced in US$ while 75-80% of revenue is INR | Rupee about Rs 95/$ (Oct 2026) vs about Rs 90 (Jan 2026) |
Downstream: who depends on E2E
| Customer type | Examples | Stickiness |
|---|---|---|
| Sovereign / foundation-model builders | Unnamed sovereign AI company (about 39% of MRR); GAN AI, Gnani.ai via IndiaAI; AI4Bharat; Sarvam models on TIR | High while contracted; data-localisation needs an Indian-hosted provider |
| Government via IndiaAI | 2,524 GPUs allocated; IndiaAI subsidises users at about Rs 65/GPU-hr (PIB) | 12-month terms; L1 re-tender risk |
| International model trainers | US-based AI model trainer (US$7.7 mn); 20-25% of Q2 revenue from outside India | Low to medium; portable workloads |
| AI-native start-ups and developers | Spyne, Invideo AI, Segmind, Convin, Qure.ai, Saarthi.ai, Dhee.AI; Jarvislabs users | Low; historic churn (MRR -32% Sep-24 to Mar-25) |
| Cloud / AI resellers and distributors | 18 dealers, 29.9% of FY26 sales; top 10 = 95.7% of channel | Medium; resellers copy E2E's rate card (forum) |
| SaaS and enterprises (BFSI, insurance, fintech, e-commerce, digital marketing, molecular research) | Indian-HQ global SaaS via L&T; RailYatri; TangoEye | Medium-high for regulated BFSI (VPC isolation, MeitY compliance) |
| Research and academia | Indian School of Business; AI Labs as a Service | Medium |
| Concentration item | Value |
|---|---|
| Top-5 / top-10 customer share | Not disclosed; no 10%+ customer named or quantified in the AR |
| Floor built from disclosures [Est.] | Sovereign about 39% of Sep-26 MRR + IndiaAI 13-15% (two allottees) + US trainer about 16% while active: top 3-4 accounts plausibly 55-65% of current revenue |
| Trade receivables | Rs 17.12 cr at Mar-26 (DSO about 25 days); Rs 28.53 cr at Sep-26; terms 0-30 days |
| Credit losses | ECL allowance Rs 0.60 cr; written off Rs 0.71 cr (FY26) |
| Switching costs | Moderate: containerised, portable workloads; friction from data gravity (parallel FS, object storage), InfiniBand tuning, TIR pipelines, VPC isolation, data residency [Analyst View] |
| End products containing E2E's output | Indian foundation LLMs (GAN AI, Gnani voice models, Indic models), enterprise copilots and agentic workflows (BFSI, insurance), AI video and image generation, medical-imaging AI, conversational/voice bots, academic AI curricula |
Value-chain map
[TSMC / HBM (SK hynix, Samsung, Micron)] -> [NVIDIA GPUs + InfiniBand (+ Fortinet, CPUs, memory)]
-> [Server OEM/ODM, Indian distributors (undisclosed; 100% India-sourced invoices)]
-> E2E NETWORKS (capex owner; TIR / Jarvislabs / Sovereign Cloud software; 100+ engineers)
^ space, power, cooling: L&T-Vyoma Chennai (named), Delhi NCR / Mumbai colo (unnamed)
^ capital: banks (ICRA A-), L&T equity, vendor credit, Sovcloud SPV
-> Channels: self-serve portal | enterprise sales (new CRO, Field CTO) | 18 resellers (~30%)
| GSIs | L&T co-selling | IndiaAI empanelment
-> Customers: sovereign AI co. | IndiaAI allottees (GAN AI, Gnani) | US model trainer
| AI-native start-ups | SaaS | BFSI / regulated enterprises | universities
-> End users: Indian LLMs, voice / agentic AI, GenAI apps, medical AI, education
Where pricing power sits [Analyst View]
| Rank | Party | Why |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (highest) | NVIDIA | Sole accelerator source; sets hardware cost, allocation and the generation cadence that drives obsolescence; E2E is a small buyer (thousands of GPUs vs rivals' tens of thousands) |
| 2 (rising) | Power-ready colocation | AI-ready high-kW halls scarce in India; L&T is landlord, channel, 16.57% shareholder and now competitor; the Budget 2026 tax holiday will pull hyperscaler demand into Indian colo |
| 3 (moderate, cyclical) | E2E | 76.6% EBITDA and list-price rises in a tight market; software layer (TIR, sovereign deployment, MeitY empanelment, data residency) differentiates it; but GPU-hours are commoditising and Indian supply is multiplying |
| 4 (strong at contract time) | Large buyers | IndiaAI at L1 (about Rs 98-136/GPU-hr vs H200 list about Rs 503); the sovereign buyer locked about Rs 393/GPU-hr for 34 months for volume certainty; as concentration rises, pricing power shifts to these few buyers at renewal |
Net
E2E is a price-taker on its main input (NVIDIA) and increasingly on space and power, with transient pricing power on short-term capacity in a tight market. Durable margin depends on keeping utilisation high across 6-8 year asset lives, converting the sovereign/regulated niche and the software layer into sticky, higher-value contracts, and financing capex more cheaply as it scales.Competitive Position
Prices for peers as of 23-26 Oct 2026; FX Rs 95/$ (rupee about Rs 94.85-95.16 in mid-Oct 2026, PTI). Ratios recomputed from raw inputs unless marked "source-reported".
Market position
E2E is the only listed pure-play Indian GPU cloud. With about 5,100 GPUs it ranks roughly third or fourth among Indian-owned GPU clouds by live count (behind Yotta; comparable to NxtGen's 4,000+ Blackwell; far behind Reliance's 120 MW once live) and plausibly second behind Yotta in GPU-rental revenue, with about 12-20% of the Indian-owned GPU-cloud revenue pool [Est.]. It holds well under 1% of India's US$10.9 bn public-cloud market. Management says there is "no direct competition" in its niche and declined to comment on rivals' fleets when analysts cited about 90,000 GPUs or 8,000 B300 at peers.Market size
| Market | Size | Growth | Source, date |
|---|---|---|---|
| India public cloud (IaaS+PaaS+SaaS) | US$10.9 bn (2024) to US$30.4 bn (2029) | 22.6% CAGR; top two vendors over 40% share in 2024 | IDC, 9 Jul 2025 |
| India GPU server market (hardware proxy) | US$3.47 bn (2025) to US$17.32 bn (2030) | 37.9% CAGR | MarketsandMarkets (low confidence) |
| India DC installed capacity | 1,575 MW (MeitY 2026) vs 375 MW (2020); CBRE about 1,700 MW end-2025; KPMG about 1.9 GW FY26 | CBRE: about 500 MW new supply in 2026; +30% in 2026 (IANS) | Tribune/MeitY Aug 2026; CBRE; KPMG |
| India DC capacity 2030-31 | 5 GW (Avendus); 7.0-7.5 GW (KPMG); 10.5 GW by FY31 incl. about 6.8 GW AI (Morgan Stanley); 12 GW incl. 6.5 GW AI (Wood Mackenzie) | 3x to 7x | Various, 2026 |
| India GPU deployment, 5 years | 650,000-700,000 GPUs | n.a. | Avendus 2026 |
| Global neocloud revenue | Over US$25 bn (2025) to about US$400 bn (2031) | Over 70% CAGR | Synergy Research (E2E deck) |
| Global DC capex need | US$6.7 trn by 2030, about 70% AI | n.a. | McKinsey (E2E deck) |
| E2E TAM claim | AI infrastructure TAM "approaching INR 1 trillion"; "a vast blue ocean"; "day zero of AI" | n.a. | Q2 FY27 call (unverified) |
| Bottom-up Indian-owned GPU-cloud pool [Est.] | About Rs 4,500-7,500 cr run-rate (US$0.5-0.8 bn) | 45,000-50,000 Hopper-equivalents x Rs 150-250/GPU-hr x 65-75% utilisation | Aamara; order of magnitude only |
Key industry trends
| Trend | Detail |
|---|---|
| AI compute supply race in India | Yotta (about 16,000 H100 + 20,736 B300 and 5,120 B200 contracted); Reliance Intelligence (120 MW GB300 at Jamnagar by end-2026, "over 75,000 H100-equivalents", scaling to over 2 lakh); NxtGen (4,000+ Blackwell "sovereign AI factory", Feb 2026); Neysa (US$1.2 bn Blackstone-led, 20,000+ GPUs planned); RackBank/NeevCloud (Indore campus up to 60,000 GPUs); L&T-Vyoma (10,000 B300); CoreWeave entering India (240 MW with AdaniConneX at Taloja, first phase mid-2028; 6-7 Oct 2026) |
| Hyperscaler pledges | Amazon US$35 bn by 2030; Microsoft US$17.5 bn over four years; Google US$15 bn 1 GW-class AI hub in Visakhapatnam with AdaniConneX and Airtel; about US$67.5 bn combined (Dec 2025) |
| GPU pricing up in 2026 | H100 indices about US$2.81-2.92/hr early Oct 2026, about 40% above the 2025 trough; SemiAnalysis 1-year H100 contract index US$1.70 to US$2.35 (Oct 2025 to Mar 2026); B200 US$5.93 (Silicon Data, 10 Oct 2026) to US$9.70 (Ornn, 25 Oct 2026); AWS p6-b200 on-demand US$14.24/GPU-hr; Blackwell hardware +15-23%; HBM doubled Q1 2026 |
| Multi-year contracts and inference | E2E's Rs 1,000 cr contract to Jun 2029; ABI: 80% of neocloud revenue from inference by 2030; E2E soft-launched Blaze, Endpoints, Jarvislabs inference in Q2 FY27 |
| Neocloud financing stress | CoreWeave about US$51.6 bn debt and leases, Q3 2026 interest guide US$860-940 mn, stock down about 57% over a year, fell 15.5% on 14 Oct 2026 as unsecured bond yields hit about 15%; Nebius fell 9%; Nebius 2026 capex US$20-25 bn; "about $1T of AI commitments are unfunded" (Gavin Baker) |
| Rupee weakness | About Rs 95/$ (Oct 2026) vs about Rs 90 (Jan 2026); RBI tightened forex derivative rules Oct 2026; INR capex per GPU up |
IndiaAI Mission: the largest policy driver
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Approval / outlay | Cabinet, Mar 2024: Rs 10,371.92 cr over five years; compute pillar the largest (about Rs 4,563 cr per original note; not re-verified) |
| Structure | Empanelled CSPs own and operate GPUs; IndiaAI allocates GPU-hours and subsidises users (user rate about Rs 65/GPU-hr per PIB); rates renewed quarterly; empanelled agencies may match or undercut L1 |
| Round 1 (early 2025) | 10 firms (Jio, Tata Communications, CtrlS, E2E, NxtGen, Locuz, CMS Computers, Orient Technologies, Vensysco, Yotta) offered 18,693 GPUs (12,896 H100, 1,480 H200, plus AMD MI300X/MI325X); 14,517 at L1 vs a 10,000 target; Yotta 9,216 (49.3%), E2E 1,353 (7.2%), NxtGen 1,088 (5.8%); weighted average L1 about Rs 115.85/GPU-hr |
| Round 2 (May 2025) | Sify, Netmagic/NTT, Vensysco, Cyfuture, Yotta, Locuz, Ishan Infotech; about 18,000 bid, about 15,000 offered; portal about 34,000 GPUs; E2E not in this round |
| Round 3 (2025) | About 3,850 GPUs/TPUs: Locuz 1,300 H100; Sify 800 H200, 700 L4, 1,000 Google Trillium TPUs; Ishan 50 TPUs; RackBank and Teleglobal failed technical evaluation |
| L1 price discovery | Average about Rs 115/GPU-hr; H100 about Rs 140; AMD MI300X Rs 148.00 (12-month) / Rs 161.88 (6-month) by Cyfuture; government claims a 42% discount to market |
| Committed pool | 40,535 GPUs committed; 38,000 "onboarded" (PIB); 45,000+ cited Jun 2026; unconfirmed reports of about 30,000 deployed |
| Round 4 (2026) | Technical qualification 9 Apr 2026: Paradigmit, Tata Communications, RackBank, Netmagic, E2E Networks, Yotta, Cyfuture, Sify, UrsaCompute; scope 12,000-15,000 Blackwell (B100/B200) up to about 25,000; "AI Mission 2.0" about 20,000 GPUs (Vaishnaw, 17 Feb 2026); tenure 3-5 years; financial results not public at 26 Oct 2026 |
| Utilisation evidence | Lok Sabha (Aug 2026): 93.18 lakh GPU-hours sanctioned across 237 projects; 15 CSPs empanelled. E2E's Gnani order alone (129.9 lakh GPU-hours) exceeds that total, so it must cover a narrower category [Est.] |
| Foundation models | Sarvam (Apr 2025), Soket AI, Gan.ai, Gnani.ai (May 2025) among first selectees |
| Next | Successful bidders likely allowed to offer IndiaAI capacity to global firms (Business Standard, 11 Oct 2026); draft AI regulation paper within 30 days of 8 Oct 2026; second round reportedly involves 5-year government GPU purchases |
E2E economics [Est.]: Gnani Rs 177 cr / 1.2995 cr GPU-hours = Rs 136/GPU-hr (US$1.43), about 1,504 GPUs continuous, about Rs 14.75 cr a month; recognised IndiaAI revenue of Rs 29-34 cr a quarter (Rs 10-11 cr a month) is below that, implying partial drawdown, rescoping or a different recognition pattern. Management on IndiaAI: target 10-20% of that market at prices about 20-25% below street (Apr 2025); "has not forced the Mission to take more capacity than it needs" (Apr 2026); pricing "do not expect it to significantly impact our overall margins" (Jul 2025).
Other policy levers
| Policy | Status | Impact on E2E |
|---|---|---|
| DPDP Act 2023 and Rules 2025 | Rules notified Nov 2025 (Phase 1 from 13 Nov 2025); consent managers Nov 2026; full compliance about 13 May 2027; cross-border transfer allowed unless restricted (negative list); penalties up to Rs 250 cr per breach | Moderate tailwind only: not a blanket localisation mandate; raises compliance cost as a data processor |
| Sectoral localisation | RBI payment-data storage (2018); SEBI cloud framework (2023); CERT-In directions (2022); MeitY empanelment for government workloads (not re-verified) | Supports Indian clouds for BFSI and government, but hyperscaler India regions also qualify |
| Union Budget 2026-27 DC tax holiday | Foreign cloud providers using Indian DCs exempt from Indian tax on global income for tax years 2026-27 to 2046-47; Indian customers served via an Indian reseller; 15% cost-plus safe harbour | Negative to neutral: more competition, higher colo rates; small upside as an Indian reseller |
| PLI for IT hardware 2.0 (Rs 17,000 cr) | 27 approved firms incl. Netweb; about Rs 82 cr disbursed; review in FY27; AI servers may be added; GPUs up to 92% of AI-server value, about 90% imported | Little direct relief on GPU capex |
| Draft AI regulation | Paper promised within 30 days of 8 Oct 2026 | Uncertain content and model-hosting obligations |
| US export controls | AI Diffusion Rule (India in a capped tier) rescinded 13 May 2025; 2026 rules target Chinese-headquartered entities; NVIDIA filings note licence conditions on foreign GPU-as-a-service clusters | Low current risk; tail risk if tiers return |
Listed peer comparison
| Company | Revenue TTM | Growth (latest qtr YoY) | EBITDA % (TTM / latest qtr) | PAT % TTM | RoE | P/E TTM | EV/EBITDA TTM | EV/Sales TTM | Moat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E2E Networks | Rs 546.2 cr | +411% | 70.9% / 76.6% | 21.5% | 6.7% TTM; 16.7% run-rate | 104.2x (42.0x run-rate) | 31.0x (17.5x) | 21.9x (13.4x) | Narrow: listed sovereign GPU cloud, 16-year record, own software, IndiaAI empanelment, L&T backing; no owned DCs |
| Netweb Technologies (NSE) | Rs 3,736 cr | +335.7% | 14.1% / 14.9% | 9.8% | 27.3% (source) | 66.6x | 44.8x | 6.3x | Narrow-moderate: HPC/AI server OEM, NVIDIA partner, PLI-approved; supplier-adjacent |
| Tata Communications (NSE) | Rs 26,014 cr | +9.6% | 19.9% / 21.3% | 4.2% | about 33% (source; thin equity) | 44.0x | 11.7x | 2.3x | Wide: global network, Tata brand, NVIDIA AI cloud; GPU cloud small |
| Sify Technologies (Nasdaq) | US$491.9 mn | +15% (Q1 FY27) | 20.3% / 24.3% adj. | loss | negative | n.m. | 13.1x | 2.7x | Moderate: 188 MW colo, network, IndiaAI R3 GPUs/TPUs |
| CoreWeave (Nasdaq) | US$7.59 bn | +112.5% | 49.9% GAAP / 58.6% adj. | loss (US$-1.93 bn) | negative | n.m. | 20.0x | 10.0x (5.9x on 2026E) | Scale, NVIDIA allocation, US$104 bn backlog; 9.2x debt/EBITDA |
| Nebius Group (Nasdaq) | US$1.36 bn | +454% | 19.0% / 40.6% adj. | 3.1% (non-operating gains) | about 0% | n.m. (966x) | 177x | 33.6x (14.3x on 2026E) | Full-stack software, ex-Yandex engineering, near net cash; 22.2x debt/EBITDA (source) |
| Raw inputs [Est.] | Arithmetic |
|---|---|
| E2E | Rs 594.35 x 20.556 cr = Rs 12,218 cr; debt Rs 497 cr; cash Rs 734 cr; EV Rs 11,981 cr. TTM revenue 70.0 + 95.6 + 156.8 + 223.8 = 546.2; EBITDA 39.65 + 58.10 + 117.90 + 171.46 = 387.1; PAT -5.70 + 6.44 + 43.88 + 72.71 = 117.3. Q2 annualised revenue 895.0, EBITDA 685.8, PAT 290.8. Screener's 173x P/E is a consolidated-series gap |
| Netweb | Rs 4,282 x 5.694 cr = Rs 24,382 cr; debt Rs 333 cr; cash Rs 1,124 cr; EV Rs 23,591 cr; TTM EBITDA Rs 527 cr, PAT Rs 366 cr; Q2 FY27 revenue Rs 1,323.3 cr vs Rs 303.7 cr, EBITDA Rs 197.3 cr (14.9%), PAT Rs 136.7 cr |
| Tata Communications | Rs 1,680.2 x 28.5 cr = Rs 47,886 cr; debt Rs 13,371 cr; cash Rs 658 cr; EV Rs 60,599 cr; TTM revenue 6,189 + 6,554 + 6,583 + 6,688; EBITDA 5,164; PAT 1,089; Q2 revenue +9.6% (6,688 vs 6,100) |
| Sify | Mcap US$842.4 mn; debt US$513.7 mn; cash US$43.3 mn; EV US$1,312.8 mn; TTM EBITDA US$99.9 mn; Q1 FY27 revenue Rs 1,235.2 cr (+15%), adj. EBITDA Rs 300.5 cr (24.3%), PAT Rs 6.5 cr |
| CoreWeave | US$54.24 x 551.5 mn = US$29.91 bn; debt US$51.61 bn incl. leases; cash US$5.54 bn; EV US$75.98 bn; TTM EBITDA US$3.79 bn; Q2 2026 revenue US$2,575 mn vs US$1,212 mn; adj. EBITDA US$1,510 mn; 2026 guide US$12.4-13.2 bn; P/B 5.95x |
| Nebius | US$158.74 x 274.1 mn = US$43.51 bn; debt US$10.20 bn; cash US$8.04 bn; EV US$45.67 bn; TTM EBITDA US$258 mn; Q2 2026 revenue US$582.3 mn vs about US$105.1 mn; adj. EBITDA US$236.2 mn; 2026 guide US$3.0-3.4 bn; ARR US$3.0 bn (Jun 2026), target US$7-9 bn; P/B 4.21x |
Read [Analyst View]: on TTM, E2E is the most expensive in the set on EV/Sales after Nebius; on run-rate (13.4x EV/Sales, 17.5x EV/EBITDA) it sits near Nebius's forward multiple and below CoreWeave's TTM EV/EBITDA, with the lowest leverage and highest margin of the neoclouds. Forum views: nav_1996 "52x EV/Revenue vs CoreWeave's 12x"; Aloysius De Sa "24x trailing EV/Sales, 12-15x forward"; counter-argument that CoreWeave's multiple is depressed by about 15% bond yields. No listed Indian pure-play GPU-cloud peer exists.
Unlisted and private competitors
| Competitor | Scale | Financials / funding | Positioning vs E2E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yotta Data Services (Shakti Cloud, Hiranandani) | About 16,000 H100 (SemiAnalysis); Gorilla deal about US$2 bn for 20,736 B300 and 5,120 B200 (Greater Noida, slipping from Aug 2026); target about 85,000 GPUs and 180 MW by end-FY27; next order of 80,000-90,000 GPUs (about US$12 bn) considered; over 10,000 committed to IndiaAI | FY26 revenue Rs 1,209.8 cr provisional (FY25 Rs 585.7 cr); net leverage 9.1x FY26 (14.3x FY25, India Ratings); debt Rs 5,596 cr (Mar-25), about Rs 9,600 cr projected (Mar-26); Crisil cut debentures to A+/Negative; raised about US$150 mn at about US$3.9 bn; IPO Rs 6,000-8,000 cr at up to US$6 bn targeted (DRHP about Oct 2026, not confirmed); NVIDIA DGX Cloud contract over US$1 bn over four years | Largest Indian fleet (about 8x E2E once Blackwell lands); owns DCs (Panvel, Greater Noida); IndiaAI H100 rates about 30% below its direct rates; ClusterMAX "Unavailable" |
| Reliance Jio / Reliance Intelligence | 120 MW GB300 at Jamnagar by end-2026; over 75,000 H100-equivalents scaling to over 2 lakh; part of a US$110 bn AI commitment; IndiaAI R1 L1 (slow deployment) | Jio Platforms IPO reportedly filed (about US$4 bn raise, about US$137 bn valuation; single-source, unverified) | Biggest long-term threat: captive renewable power, balance sheet, Jio distribution; "sovereign AI hosting" |
| CtrlS Datacenters | 150 MW operational FY26 (ICRA) to 950-1,000 MW by FY29 (company claims 370 MW); GPU Private Cloud; IndiaAI R1 L1 | FY25 revenue Rs 1,562 cr (+16.6%), PAT Rs 248 cr; valuation US$4.8 bn; IPO Rs 2,500-2,800 cr talks for FY27 | Colo-first; could integrate into GPUaaS with owned power and land |
| NxtGen Cloud Technologies | R1 L1 (1,088 GPUs); 4,000+ Blackwell sovereign AI factory (Dell, Vertiv), Feb 2026; diamond-cooled H200 | Needs at least US$2 bn over 1.5-2 years; no 2026 close confirmed | Most similar to E2E; funding-constrained |
| Neysa (Mumbai) | 20,000+ GPUs planned; 400 MW Telangana MoU with NTT Data | Blackstone-led US$1.2 bn (US$600 mn equity for majority + US$600 mn debt), 16 Feb 2026; about US$1.4 bn EV | Well-funded entrant; ClusterMAX "Bronze" (above E2E) |
| RackBank / NeevCloud | Indore 80 MW, up to 60,000 GPUs; NeevCloud US$1.5 bn, 40,000-GPU campus; Chennai hyperscale site | Undisclosed | Failed IndiaAI R3 technical; qualified R4; price-aggressive |
| Sify Digital / Sify Infinit Spaces | 188 MW built (Jun 2025); +100 MW FY27; 150 MW under construction; IndiaAI R3 800 H200, 700 L4, 1,000 TPUs | Infinit Spaces IPO Rs 3,700 cr (Rs 2,500 cr fresh, Rs 1,200 cr OFS) SEBI-approved 23 Jan 2026, on hold; earlier sought up to US$4.2 bn; FY25 revenue Rs 1,428 cr, PAT Rs 126 cr | Colo and network incumbent |
| Tata Communications | NVIDIA Hopper (2024) then Blackwell AI cloud; IndiaAI R1; R4 qualified | Listed (above) | Enterprise bundling power |
| L&T-Vyoma / LTN Compute | 10,000 B300 for Together AI in Chennai; about 24 MW AI factory conversion; moved DC assets to Vyoma.AI (about Rs 1,400 cr, The Ken follow-up) | Capex Rs 10,000-12,000 cr | E2E's landlord and shareholder turned competitor |
| Hyperscalers (AWS, Azure, GCP, Oracle) | US$67.5 bn pledges; India regions Mumbai, Hyderabad, Pune, Delhi NCR | Unlimited balance sheets | Premium list pricing (AWS B200 US$14.24/hr), narrower against committed pricing; full PaaS; startup credits; tax-holiday support |
| Others | Airtel Cloud / Xtelify; AceCloud (RTX Pro 6000); resellers copying E2E's rate card | n.a. | Forum-cited |
| Global neoclouds | CoreWeave (US$104 bn backlog), Nebius (US$3 bn ARR), Lambda (raising up to US$4 bn at US$14.5 bn pre-money; 2026 revenue over US$1.5 bn; IPO planned 2027; NVIDIA its largest customer) | See listed table | Valuation comparators; cross-border where localisation does not bind |
Private-mark cross-check [Est.]: Yotta at about US$3.9 bn (Rs 37,000 cr) equity plus about Rs 9,600 cr debt = EV about Rs 46,600 cr, about 38x FY26 revenue; CtrlS at US$4.8 bn about 29x FY25 revenue; Neysa pre-scale. E2E at 21.9x TTM / 13.4x run-rate is not an outlier within Indian AI infrastructure, but is rich against global listed neoclouds on run-rate.
Market share and quality markers
| Measure | E2E | Comparison |
|---|---|---|
| IndiaAI Round 1 GPUs offered | 1,353 of 18,693 (7.2%) | Yotta 9,216 (49.3%); NxtGen 1,088 (5.8%) |
| IndiaAI allocated GPUs | 2,524 (about 6.6% of the 38,000 onboarded pool) | n.a. |
| Live fleet | About 5,100 | Yotta about 16,000 H100 + contracted Blackwell; NxtGen 4,000+ Blackwell; Reliance 120 MW |
| Revenue | Exit ARR about Rs 901 cr | Yotta FY26 Rs 1,210 cr incl. colo; Yotta DGX Cloud contract over US$250 mn a year |
| Third-party quality | SemiAnalysis ClusterMAX 2.0 (6 Nov 2025) "Underperforming", its "worst overall experience" among 84 clouds: aggressive KYC before login, no training-cluster capacity, billing while a cluster was stuck in "creating" (testers owed US$7,061; support suspended the account; "the most offensive business practice we have seen"); TIR only in Delhi then. Could reach Bronze/Silver "quickly" with attestation and modern GPUs | Neysa Bronze; CoreWeave and others Platinum/Gold |
Barriers to entry [Analyst View]
Capital: about Rs 52 lakh (about US$55k) per B200 all-in at book; Rs 500 cr-plus per 1,000-GPU cluster. NVIDIA allocation and networking know-how: InfiniBand fabrics, liquid cooling for GB300/B300, partner status. Power and colocation: AI-ready MW scarce in metros; owners of land and power (Reliance, Adani, CtrlS, Yotta, L&T) hold the structural edge. Government empanelment: IndiaAI and MeitY/STQC favour incumbents, but Round 4 qualified nine firms. Software: TIR, Jarvislabs and endpoints help retention but the SemiAnalysis rating says the lead is unproven. Conclusion: barriers are moderate and falling as private capital floods in.| Porter force | Intensity | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Supplier power (NVIDIA, memory, colo/power) | High | Single dominant accelerator vendor; Blackwell +15-23%; HBM doubled; 3-6 month lead times with vendor-dependent advances; all DC space rented (L&T cap to Rs 100 cr) |
| Buyer power | High | IndiaAI sets prices via L1 and quarterly resets; one sovereign customer about 39% of MRR; GPU-hours commoditising; multi-year buyers negotiate discounts |
| Threat of new entrants | Medium-High | US$1 bn-plus raises (Neysa, Yotta); 15 CSPs empanelled; Reliance at 120 MW; CoreWeave entering India |
| Threat of substitutes | Medium | Hyperscaler GPUs; cross-border neoclouds; on-prem DGX (Netweb/Dell); custom silicon (Trainium, TPU on the IndiaAI portal) |
| Rivalry | High | Price-led tenders; fast-growing supply; fleet-size race |
Moat durability and pricing power [Analyst View]
The moat is narrow and time-limited: early Indian sovereign GPU capacity with a listed-equity currency, the L&T relationship (now ambiguous) and cost discipline (76.6% EBITDA margin, 100+ in-house engineers). None is structural against Reliance, the hyperscalers or Yotta's scale. Pricing power is currently favourable but structurally weak: 2026 tightness let E2E sign B200 capacity at about Rs 393/GPU-hr (about US$4.1), a 30-60% discount to global B200 indices but nearly 3x the IndiaAI H100 L1. As Blackwell supply normalises and Indian supply grows from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of GPUs, a market fragmented on supply and concentrated on demand (government plus a few model labs) historically compresses realisations. Expect Hopper realisations to drift toward the IndiaAI L1 band (Rs 115-140) by about FY28.Strengths and weaknesses vs each peer
| Peer | E2E strengths | E2E weaknesses |
|---|---|---|
| Yotta | Far lower leverage (net cash about Rs 237 cr vs 9.1x); listed currency; profitable; multi-year B200 contract | About 8x smaller contracted fleet; no owned DCs or power; IndiaAI R1 share 7% vs 49%; no DGX Cloud anchor |
| Reliance | Focus, 16-year cloud record, neutrality | Captive power, 120 MW, Jio distribution, near-unlimited capital; could price GPU-hours as a loss-leader |
| CtrlS | Pure-play GPU software and an operating fleet today | 150-370 MW owned DCs and profitable colo cash flow (FY25 PAT Rs 248 cr) |
| NxtGen | Better funded (listed, Rs 1,500 cr raise approved, ICRA A-); profitable; larger revenue | Comparable Blackwell scale; same sovereign pitch |
| Neysa | Revenue and profit today; listed; IndiaAI incumbent | US$1.2 bn committed capital; better ClusterMAX rating |
| Tata Communications | Pure-play; +411% vs +9.6%; 76.6% vs 21.3% margin | Enterprise base, bundling, brand; mcap about 3.9x and revenue about 48x E2E's |
| Sify | Higher margins, faster growth, cleaner balance sheet | 188 MW-plus owned DCs and a national network |
| Netweb | Recurring service revenue; about 5x Netweb's EBITDA margin | Net cash, RoE 27%, PLI; sells servers to E2E's rivals and to would-be renters |
| Hyperscalers | B200 at about US$4.1/hr vs US$14.24 AWS on-demand (narrower vs committed); INR billing; IndiaAI eligibility; local support | Ecosystem breadth, trust, managed AI services, startup credits, scale |
| CoreWeave / Nebius / Lambda | Low leverage; INR sovereign niche; higher margin than Nebius | Tiny scale; weaker software maturity (ClusterMAX); no hyperscaler or OpenAI-type anchor |
Risks & Red Flags
Likelihood over 24 months; severity = likelihood x impact (H=3, M=2, L-M=1.5, L=1; 6+ High, 3 to 6 Medium, below 3 Low), per 4_market's method, with rulings from 7_primary applied. Two rows are raised one notch from 4_market's scoring as an Aamara override [Analyst View]: #12 (L&T, M x M = Medium in 4_market) to High after the confirmed 1.88% sell-down and Vyoma's competing factory, and #14 (governance optics, M x L = Low) to Medium after the confirmed promoter vote on the material RPT. Rows 21 and 22 are added by Aamara.
Risk register
| # | Risk | Category | Severity | Explanation | Mitigant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GPU obsolescence and depreciation-life mismatch | Business / Financial | High | NVIDIA's annual cadence erodes Hopper value; about 3,000 of 5,100 GPUs are Hopper; book life is 6 years (AR policy) vs a 3-5 year economic life argued by skeptics; a 4-year life cuts run-rate PBT by about 35-50% depending on the gross-block basis [Est.] | Multi-year B200 contract; older GPUs to inference and Jarvislabs; H100 index up about 40% from trough; asset sales above book |
| 2 | Customer concentration (single sovereign contract) | Business | High | About 39% of exit MRR from one unnamed counterparty on a binding term sheet; start-up or state-linked credit and renewal risk; identity undisclosed | Not a related party; about 1.9x cluster cost over the term; international and new cohorts |
| 3 | IndiaAI price resets and renewal | Regulatory / Business | High | L1 about Rs 115 average, H100 about Rs 140; Rs 265 cr of one-year orders expire about Q3-Q4 FY27; Round 4 Blackwell tender at aggressive tariffs; 13-15% of revenue | R4 technical qualification; GPU-hours to become usable by global firms; converting IndiaAI users to direct customers |
| 4 | Deployment slippage and lease-up of new capacity | Execution | High | Tranche 2 about two quarters late vs ICRA's plan and uncontracted; utilisation not disclosed; gross margin a "moving target"; Q1-Q3 FY26 losses came from exactly this lag | Strong 2026 rental market; inference products; new CRO, Field CTO, GSI channel |
| 5 | Pricing pressure from supply glut | Business / Macro | High | Yotta 85k target, Reliance 120 MW, Neysa 20k, NeevCloud 40k, L&T 10k B300, CoreWeave India; demand concentrated | Cost leadership; sovereign / compliance positioning |
| 6 | NVIDIA supply, allocation, component inflation | Business / Macro | Medium | Blackwell +15-23%; HBM doubled; 3-6 month lead times; allocation favours big buyers | "No insurmountable" constraints; staged ordering |
| 7 | Rupee depreciation raises INR capex | Financial / Macro | High | About Rs 95/$ vs Rs 90 in Jan 2026; every 5% fall adds about 5% to the next cohort's capex; 75-80% of revenue INR | 20-25% international revenue; RBI intervention |
| 8 | Funding and equity dilution | Financial | High | Rs 1,500 cr raise about 12.3% dilution at CMP, more at a discount; Rs 1,592 cr already raised since 2024; near-term capex need about Rs 1,700-2,100 cr (tranche 2 + B300) vs Rs 102 cr unspent equity | High valuation; ICRA A- debt access; off-balance-sheet options via Sovcloud |
| 9 | Rising leverage | Financial | Medium | Borrowings Rs 103 cr to Rs 450 cr in six months; finance cost +415% YoY; borrowing limit Rs 10,000 cr; all floating | Net cash Rs 237 cr; Q2 interest cover 16.6x |
| 10 | Power and colocation dependence | Business / Execution | Medium | All capacity in third-party colo; landlords (L&T, CtrlS, Yotta, Sify, Reliance) are also GPU competitors; tax holiday lifts hyperscaler demand for colo | L&T agreement to Rs 100 cr a year; multi-city footprint |
| 11 | Hyperscaler competition | Business | High | US$67.5 bn pledges; full AI PaaS; tax holiday; enterprise trust | Price gap on Blackwell; INR billing; IndiaAI eligibility |
| 12 | L&T as shareholder, landlord, reseller, licensor and competitor | Governance | High | Co-location cap 3.3x; 1.88% sold without disclosure found; Vyoma's 10,000 B300 factory without E2E; The Ken quoted an L&T executive: investing was "mainly the platform" and "the direction has changed"; nominee swap | Shareholder approval of RPTs; Audit Committee; ICRA sees L&T as a credit positive; new nominee appointed |
| 13 | Key-person dependence (Tarun Dua) | Governance / Execution | Medium | Founder-led strategy, NVIDIA relationship and capital allocation; family WTDs; 33.5% attrition | New CRO, Field CTO, advisors; CFO Nitin Jain; L&T board seats |
| 14 | Governance optics: promoter RPT vote, pay, insider flows | Governance | Medium | Promoter vote on Resolution 10 (Reg 23(4)); Sec 197 excess waived and MD ceiling doubled; Shailly Dua 98,000-share sale; founder's 2.98% secondary to L&T in May 2025 (not 3.5 pp) | Outcome unaffected; sale was to a strategic partner; promoters hold 39.40% |
| 15 | Product quality and reputation | Business | Medium | SemiAnalysis "Underperforming" (Nov 2025); The Ken bear piece; Dec-2025 Mumbai outage | B200 modernisation; TIR and Jarvislabs upgrades |
| 16 | Valuation de-rating | Financial / Macro | High | 104x TTM P/E; 21.9x EV/Sales; Rs 183-765 range; moves with CoreWeave/Nebius; 57.5% volatility; -26% in a week in Oct 2026 | Run-rate 42x / 17.5x; sovereign scarcity premium |
| 17 | Regulatory and policy change | Regulatory | Medium | Draft AI regulation due Nov 2026; IndiaAI design changes; US export tiers | Compliance credentials; diversified customers |
| 18 | Cyber and data-security incident | ESG / Business | Medium | DPDP penalties up to Rs 250 cr per breach; sovereign and government workloads | ISO 27001/27017/27018, PCI DSS, SOC; MeitY/CERT-In compliance |
| 19 | ESG: power intensity and carbon | ESG | Low | 0% renewable; Scope 2 12,284 tCO2e (FY25 5,232) | Newer GPUs more efficient; landlord renewables |
| 20 | Contract-execution and accounting complexity | Financial / Governance | Medium | Term sheet not definitive; IndiaAI order values do not map to recognised revenue; Rs 129.81 cr OCL unexplained; two cash-flow lines do not tie; revenue recognition is the KAM | Quarterly MRR disclosure; CARE monitoring; ICRA |
| 21 | Stamp-duty and disclosure gaps | Regulatory | Low | Rs 2.53 cr demand stayed on a Rs 1.25 cr deposit; Rs 8.98 cr BG lien without a disclosed BG | Small vs EBITDA |
| 22 | Disclosure regression | Governance | Medium | Utilisation, contracted mix, capex and MRR guidance withdrawn; "we never make any forward-looking predictions" contradicts Apr 2025 to Apr 2026 targets | Quarterly deck still gives MRR, fleet, capex history |
Red-flag checklist
| Red flag | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Rising debt | Amber | Rs 103.20 cr (Mar-26) to Rs 450.38 cr (Sep-26); finance cost Rs 10.30 cr vs Rs 2.00 cr YoY; more due for tranche 2 and B300; still net cash Rs 237.2 cr |
| Margin deterioration | Green (improving) | EBITDA margin 41.1% (Q2 FY26) to 56.6%, 60.7%, 75.2%, 76.6%; caveat: FY26 loss as D&A ran ahead of revenue, and new cohorts may repeat it |
| Auditor concerns | Amber | Unmodified opinion, but the auditor reports FY26 director pay above Sec 197 limits (Rs 3.20 cr, waived); Rs 7.5 lakh fee; internal auditor replaced mid-year with retrospective effect (4_market's "none found" overruled, C-9) |
| Related-party abuse | Watch | L&T co-location cap Rs 30 cr to Rs 100 cr; promoter vote on the RPT; sovereign deal stated non-related; no promoter-entity RPTs |
| Promoter selling | Amber | Founder's 2.98% secondary to L&T at Rs 2,750 (May 2025), promoter 43.60% to 40.61%; further fall to 39.45% was ESOP/QIP dilution; Shailly Dua 98,000 shares (Q2 FY27) |
| Dilution | Red | Rs 1,592 cr raised 2024-26; shares +42% since Mar-24; Rs 1,500 cr more approved (about 12.3%) |
| Customer loss | Amber | Not yet; concentration high; IndiaAI renewals H2 FY27; Sep-24 to Mar-25 MRR fell 32% on start-up roll-off |
| Litigation / tax | Amber (small) | Rs 2.53 cr stamp-duty demand, stayed on a Rs 1.25 cr deposit; no disputed tax dues (4_market's "none found" overruled, C-8) |
| Commodity / currency / rate | Amber | GPU and HBM inflation; rupee about Rs 95/$; floating debt |
| Technology obsolescence | Red | About 3,000 Hopper GPUs; B300 / Rubin cadence; 6-year book life |
| Key-person dependency | Amber | Founder-MD; family WTDs; bench recently built |
| Third-party quality warning | Amber | SemiAnalysis "Underperforming" (Nov 2025) |
| Cash conversion | Amber | OCF/EBITDA healthy pre-capex; H1 FY27 flattered by Rs 129.81 cr OCL; FCF negative |
| Guidance credibility | Amber | Financial targets met; hardware timing late every time; guidance withdrawn |
Disputes and contingents in one place
| Item | Rs cr | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Stamp duty, GNCTD (duty 1.28 + penalty 1.25) | 2.53 | Delhi HC stay; Rs 1.25 cr FDR |
| Contingent liabilities (AR Note 37) | nil | 31 Mar 2026 |
| Capital commitments | 19.23 | Mar-26 (Rs 904.30 cr Mar-25) |
| FD under lien for a bank guarantee | 8.98 | BG not disclosed (G-8) |
| Capex LC facility (non-fund-based) | 430 | Rs 75.5 cr lien FDs |
| Exchange fines (NSE + BSE) | 0.0024 | Rs 11,800 each (Rs 23,600 in total) |
Management Voice, Concalls & Guidance
Primary transcripts: Q3 FY26 (call 16 Jan 2026, filed 19 Jan), Q4 FY26 (call 20 Apr 2026, filed 22 Apr), Q1 FY27 (call 22 Jul 2026, filed 28 Jul), Q2 FY27 (call 16 Oct 2026 4:00 PM IST, filed 21 Oct 2026; 18 pp). Earlier calls via Quartr, GuruFocus, Arthneeti, MarketSetup summaries. Participants on Q2: Tarun Dua (MD), Nitin Jain (CFO); moderator Vanessa Fernandes (Adfactors PR).
Disclosure architecture
| Channel | What exists | Usefulness |
|---|---|---|
| Earnings call | Quarterly, with filed transcripts | High, though quantified answers shrank in Oct 2026 |
| Investor presentation | 23-page deck: MRR series, GPU fleet, capex series, funds utilisation, quarterly/yearly tables, balance sheet | High; no utilisation, MW, customer concentration or contracted revenue |
| Press releases | Results, orders, B200 procurement, sovereign contract | Medium |
| Reg 30 order disclosures | IndiaAI, US trainer, L&T-routed SaaS, sovereign term sheet | High: only source of contract values |
| Annual report / BRSR | MD letter, MD&A, notes, BRSR | High: useful-life policy, RPTs, geography, certifications |
| Sell-side | One identifiable initiation (Dalal & Broacha, Jun 2025) | Low; no consensus |
Q2 FY27 call (16 Oct 2026): reported numbers
| Rs mn | Q2 FY27 | Q1 FY27 | Q2 FY26 | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 2,238 | 1,568 | 438 | +410.9% YoY, +42.7% QoQ |
| EBITDA | 1,715 | 1,179 | 180 | Some summaries print 1,750; 76.6% x 2,238 = 1,714 |
| EBITDA margin | 76.6% | 75.2% | 41.1% | +141 bps QoQ (CFO) |
| Depreciation | 740 | about 606 | 428 | 33% of revenue |
| Finance cost | 103 | about 100 | 20 | n.a. |
| PBT | 971 | 586 | (185) | +66% QoQ |
| PAT | 727 | 439 | (135) | 32.5% margin vs 28.0% |
| Diluted EPS (Rs) | 3.48 | 2.10 | (0.66) | Post-split |
| Exit MRR | 751 (Sep-26) | 718 (Jun-26) | 160 (Sep-25) | 13.4x since Sep-22 (Rs 56 mn) |
| Opex ex-D&A | 523 | n.a. | n.a. | 23.4% of revenue vs 58.9% a year ago |
What management said, by theme (Q2 FY27 call)
| Theme | Statement (speaker, transcript page) |
|---|---|
| Sovereign contract | "This is the existing B200 which got converted from pay-as-you-go to a multiyear contract" (Dua, p.5); "The flagship Blackwell capacity is fully utilized in the particular contract that was mentioned" (p.14); contribution "varies by usage"; on incremental MRR: "I don't know how to answer that question"; counterparty economics "easy to calculate close enough" |
| Next B200 | "The next lot of B200 ... is expected to go live this quarter, hopefully soon" (p.5); "This quarter, we expect the deployment to go through for the 1,024" (p.14); "No, we have not decided anything around the next lot of B200" (p.18) |
| B300 / Vera Rubin | "We will obviously kind of keep everyone informed as our plans for Vera and B300 certify"; ten days later the 5.4 MW filing |
| Utilisation | "From a utilization standpoint, I think it's a point-in-time number. Shouldn't really matter" (p.10); "what really matters is that at an aggregate level, what's the realization on the entire set of assets"; some GPUs used internally for R&D |
| Mix | IndiaAI "roughly around 13% to 15%" (CFO, p.8); international "roughly around 20% to 25%" (p.9); contracted mix "our size is too small for sharing point-in-time information" (p.9); "no fixed target" |
| Margins | "I'm not sure about the 85% number ... we are looking at this as a 70% plus EBITDA margin business" (p.5); "all of these numbers are moving targets" (p.18); "I do not see any change in that overall target" |
| Pricing | "We obviously expect the earnings to grow from the same assets that we have"; repricing at renewal while honouring commitments; strategy is "technology adoption rather than GPU rental rates" |
| Capex | "We do not give speculative capex guidance" (p.4); order-to-deployment "can vary between 3 to 6 months" (p.17); advances depend on the vendor |
| Debt and equity | "There is no mental limit ... We are very comfortable with debt as long as we have the ability to repay" (p.8); "we will keep everyone informed in case if there is any future equity raise" (p.8); off-balance-sheet: "we are open to everything" (p.13) |
| Platform | "Majority of our GPUs today run on top of our platforms. There is very, very little bare metal" (p.15); inference "soft release", launch "a few weeks or so away" (p.11); TIR and Jarvislabs are "opinionated platforms" |
| Market | TAM "approaching INR 1 trillion", "a vast blue ocean"; "This is still day zero of AI for us"; demand "enough and more" |
| Supply chain | "I do not see any fundamental supply chain challenges that are insurmountable for us in the near or medium term" |
| L&T | "We have a completely arm's length relationship with L&T" (p.17); no comment on L&T's own 10,000 B300 |
| Guidance | "We don't give any guidance"; "We never make any forward-looking predictions"; no revenue, MRR, capex or utilisation guidance anywhere in the call |
| People | New CRO Anand Ganapathy, SVP and Field CTO Vinod Kumar, Head of Founder's Office Abhishek Shindadkar, strategic advisor Anandamoy Roychowdhary |
Analyst Q&A map and the hidden risk each question exposes
| # | Analyst (firm) | Question | Answer | What it reveals [Est.] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Keshav (Niveshaay) | Next B200 timing; price hikes to revenue; inference share | "This quarter"; no pricing guidance; no split | Q3 growth hinges on a delivery that has slipped repeatedly |
| 2 | Bharat Gulati (Dalal & Broacha) | Is Rs 1,000 cr incremental; 85% gross margin; MRR exit | Existing B200 converted; 70%+ EBITDA; no MRR guidance | Headline deal is not new capacity |
| 3 | Harsha (Seven Rivers Holding) | Tranche-2 pricing and advances; FY28-29 base case of 2,000 GPUs a year | CFO: IndiaAI 13-15%; "never make any forward-looking predictions"; advances unanswered | Cash tied up in pre-payments undisclosed |
| 4 | Bhavya Gandhi (Bajaj Alternative Investments) | Debt comfort; Rs 1,500 cr raise; international mix; asset-light | No ceiling, covenants apply; international 20-25% | Leverage path open-ended |
| 5 | Tushar Dhonde (Sanghvi Family Office) | Utilisation; TIR vs global clouds | "Point-in-time"; judge TIR over the medium term | KPI withdrawn after it turned favourable |
| 6 | Hitesh (Novum Research) | 18-month outlook; GSI demand; Blaze/Endpoints | Flexible strategy; soft launch only | Inference revenue unproven |
| 7 | Neil Munot (PEAKO Capital) | Differentiation vs larger Indian operators; off-balance-sheet funding | Global market, about Rs 1 trn TAM; open to any structure | Scale disadvantage implicit |
| 8 | Prateek (Bandhan AMC) | TIR vs Jarvislabs cannibalisation | Distinct teams; "enough and more for everyone" | Possible channel conflict |
| 9 | Hardik Goyal (Union MF) | Does the contract use all current B200; supply chain; AMD | Fully utilised under contract; no insurmountable issues; software supports any chip | n.a. |
| 10 | Sonal Sharma (Kabra Investments) | Funding for the next 1,024; B300 and Vera visibility | This quarter; none yet | n.a. |
| 11 | Nikhil C (Toro Wealth Managers) | Platform vs bare-metal economics; ROCE | Majority on platform; economics later | Platform premium not evidenced |
| 12 | Varun Gandhi (Finavenue Growth Fund) | L&T buying 10,000 B300 itself | Arm's length; open to all partners | Strategic-partner competition |
| 13 | Kaushal Sharma (Equinox Capital) | Lead time; advances in a shortage | 3-6 months; vendor-dependent; declined shortage comment | Working-capital risk in a tight market |
| 14 | Bharat Gulati (follow-up) | Contracting the next Blackwell batch; margin target | Nothing decided; 70%+ unchanged | Tranche 2 may carry spot-price risk |
Most questions were about funding, contract economics, gross-margin durability and L&T; management declined to quantify most of them, which buy-side participants later cited on forums as one reason for the post-results fall. Tone: guarded and terse vs Jan 2026; confident on demand ("day zero", "blue ocean"), not on timing.
The trail across four filed transcripts
| Topic | Q3 FY26 (Jan-26) | Q4 FY26 (Apr-26) | Q1 FY27 (Jul-26) | Q2 FY27 (Oct-26) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Utilisation | "roughly around 60% to 65%" at Dec end (CFO, p.10) | "80% plus ... Certainly less than 85%" in March, ex-new B200 (p.7) | B200 at "quite a maximal utilization" (p.5) | "point-in-time number. Shouldn't really matter" (p.10) |
| B200 plan | Blackwell capex "INR600 crores to INR650 crores, part of which is funded through a term loan ... from the Axis and HDFC Bank" (p.10) | "2,048 plus some spares ... in this financial year, starting from May" (p.11) | About 5,100 live, "does not include another 1,024 B200 we are expecting soon" (p.14) | Second 1,024 "this quarter" (p.14); no contract (p.18) |
| Debt | Axis and HDFC term loan | n.a. | "the loan ... is broadly INR 450 crores" (p.14) | "no mental limit" (p.8) |
| Depreciation life | Economic 7-8 years vs 6-year book | "6 years" (CFO, p.11); "use and utilize the GPUs over a 7, 8 year period" (p.13) | "At least six years" per generation | n.a. |
| IndiaAI share | Majority of workloads live by end-Jan; billing monthly | Government "did not exceed roughly 35-40%" | "about 20%, 21%"; international "closer to 37%" (p.13) | 13-15%; international 20-25% |
| Targets | Utilisation 70% by Q4, 80-90% in FY27; EBITDA 65-70%; about Rs 250 cr ARR per 1,024 B200 | 6,000 GPUs FY27 "a minimum"; GPU 85-90% of MRR | Q2 MRR growth "mainly from capacity additions" | None |
Earlier calls, quarter by quarter
| Call | Results | Key statements | Tone |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 FY27, 22 Jul 2026 (results 21 Jul) | Revenue Rs 1,568 mn (+334% YoY, +64% QoQ); EBITDA Rs 1,179 mn (75.2%, +1,450 bps QoQ); PBT Rs 586 mn; PAT Rs 439 mn; exit MRR Rs 718 mn | B200 deployed mid-May, live on TIR late May; "Yes, the B200 units are at maximum utilization capacity"; list-price rise from 1 Jul 2026 (GPU, CPU, block storage, snapshots, Kubernetes) on demand and memory costs; customers locking 6-12 month prices with advances, asking for 2-3 year deals; pricing "minimal" Q1 impact; Q2 MRR growth "mainly from capacity additions"; loans about Rs 450 cr, to rise with the next lot; no equity raise planned then; Sovcloud ("very early days") and a Delaware sales entity set up; GPU economic life "at least six years"; dismissed "AI bubble" and Chinese-competition worries; expansion "aggressive as well as judicious" | Triumphant; 5% upper circuit to a then 52-week high Rs 469 |
| Q4 FY26, 20 Apr 2026 (filed 22 Apr) | Q4 revenue Rs 956 mn (+186%, +36.6%); EBITDA Rs 581 mn (60.7%); PBT Rs 86 mn; PAT Rs 64 mn. FY26 revenue Rs 2,456 mn (+50%), EBITDA Rs 1,263 mn, PAT -Rs 156 mn | Exit MRR Rs 37.4 cr hit the Rs 35-40 cr target; utilisation 80%+, "less than 85%" in March; "single critical components can delay a full deployment"; first B200 before mid-May, second 1,024 "a couple of months" later; 6,000 GPUs FY27 "a minimum", upper limit "unconstrained" (forum paraphrase); fixed assets about Rs 1,500 cr, mostly B200 in CWIP, 6-year depreciation; 2,048 B200 in FY27 covered by loans; government business "did not exceed roughly 35-40%"; "has not forced the Mission to take more capacity than it needs"; L&T MoU "exploratory", "not exclusive"; "not an asset monetization business"; judge as a technology business; any equity raise would be disclosed; 1:10 split approved | Philosophical; defensive on metrics; candid on supply chain |
| Q3 FY26, 16 Jan 2026 (filed 19 Jan) | Revenue Rs 70.0 cr (+68%, +60%); EBITDA Rs 39.6 cr (56.6%); PAT -Rs 5.7 cr; D&A Rs 47.6 cr; Dec MRR Rs 28.0 cr ("70-80% of the way" to March target) | Utilisation 60-65% at Dec, 70% by end-Q4, 80-90% in FY27; 1,024 B200 received in Chennai, deployment to finish in Q4 FY26 (actual mid/late May); ARR potential about Rs 250 cr per 1,024; international long-term rates about US$3-4/GPU-hr; capex Rs 600-650 cr via Axis and HDFC term loans; EBITDA target 65-70%; economic life 7-8 years vs 6-year book; IndiaAI majority live by end-Jan, billing monthly; first L&T one-year GPU contract from 6 Jan 2026; Jarvislabs completed; Dec-2025 Mumbai outage, customers moved to Delhi/Chennai, "no material revenue impact"; RAM inflation. Analysts from InCred Capital, Ridhanta Vision, Dalal & Broacha, Bajaj Alternates, Svan Investments, Niveshaay, Electrum PMS, Pico Capital, Antara Capital, Equisense Advisors, Fident AMC | Confident and data-rich: the most guidance-rich call |
| Q2 FY26, 11 Nov 2025 | Revenue Rs 43.8 cr (+21% QoQ, -7.9% YoY); EBITDA 41.1%; loss Rs 13.5 cr (EPS -6.64 pre-split); MRR Rs 14.5 cr to Rs 16.0 cr | IndiaAI orders Rs 88 cr and Rs 177 cr supporting Rs 20 cr+ MRR; MRR Rs 35-40 cr by Mar-26, "possibly earlier"; utilisation 80-90% by Mar-26 from 35-40% (Arthneeti rendering); EBITDA about 70% +/- a few points; 2,048-4,096 Blackwell before Mar-26; may buy Blackwell for about 12 months until the next generation reaches India; "We always say that look back at what we have done rather than giving a future guidance" | "Prudent yet aggressive"; stock -2.24% to Rs 2,980.50 (Rs 298) |
| Q1 FY26, 22 Jul 2025 | Revenue Rs 36.1 cr (-12.6%); EBITDA 29.1%; loss Rs 2.8 cr; other income Rs 15 cr; MRR Rs 14.5 cr (Mar-25 Rs 11.2 cr) | About 3,000 GPUs at 50-60% utilisation, target 75-90% by FY-end; exit MRR target Rs 32-38 cr (also rendered 35-38); Chennai delayed by technical issues; Noida live; IndiaAI revenue "relatively small"; "we do not expect it to significantly impact our overall margins"; "We are aggressive about capacity expansion" | Optimistic but behind |
| Q4 FY25, 17 Apr 2025 (filed 6 May) | Q4 revenue Rs 33.5 cr (-19.5% QoQ); EBITDA 39.8%; PAT Rs 13.6 cr helped by other income Rs 25.4 cr; FY25 revenue Rs 164 cr (+74%), EBITDA Rs 96.7 cr (59%), PAT Rs 47.5 cr | MRR fell from Rs 16.5 cr peak to Rs 11.2 cr: deliberate allocation to large-customer trials; FY26 revenue 1.5-1.7x; exit MRR Rs 35-40 cr by Mar-26; EBITDA about 60% medium term; more than 10,000 GPUs in 2-3 years, 2,000-4,000 per generation; IndiaAI target 10-20% at about 20-25% below street. CFO Megha Raheja resigned the same day; Nitin Jain appointed | Defensive on the dip; numerically committal |
| Q3 FY25, 22 Jan 2025 | Revenue Rs 41.6 cr; PAT Rs 11.6 cr | No explicit guidance; H200 build-out (about 2,300 H200, 700 H100) after the L&T money; CFO Megha Raheja | n.a. |
| Q2 FY25, 28 Oct 2024 | Revenue Rs 47.55 cr; PAT Rs 12.15 cr | Call held; no detail in the inputs | n.a. |
Guidance vs actual (credibility ledger)
| Said | What was said | Due | What happened | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 2025 | FY26 revenue 1.5-1.7x | FY26 | Rs 245.6 cr = 1.50x | Met (bottom) |
| Apr 2025, reiterated to Jan 2026 | Exit MRR Rs 35-40 cr | Mar 2026 | Rs 37.4 cr | Met |
| Nov 2025 | MRR target maybe "earlier" | Before Mar 2026 | Dec-25 MRR Rs 28 cr | Missed |
| Jul 2025 | Exit MRR Rs 32-38 cr | Mar 2026 | Rs 37.4 cr | Met |
| Jul 2025 | Utilisation 75-90% by FY-end | Mar 2026 | About 80% ("less than 85%") | Met, low end |
| Nov 2025 | Utilisation 80-90% | Mar 2026 | About 80% | Met at floor |
| Jan 2026 | Utilisation 70% by end-Q4 | Mar 2026 | About 80% | Beat |
| Jan 2026 | Utilisation 80-90% in FY27 | FY27 | "Maximum" in Q1; undisclosed in Q2 | Unverifiable |
| Apr 2025 | EBITDA about 60% medium term | Medium term | 75-77% in Q1-Q2 FY27; target raised to about 70% (Nov 2025), 65-70% (Jan 2026), "70%+" (Oct 2026) | Beat |
| Nov 2025 | 2,048-4,096 Blackwell before Mar 2026 | Mar 2026 | 1,024 received Jan, live May; second tranche pending in Oct 2026 | Missed, materially |
| Jan 2026 | B200 deployment complete in Q4 FY26 | Mar 2026 | Live mid/late May | Late about 2 months |
| Apr 2026 | Second 1,024 "a couple of months" after mid-May | About Jul 2026 | "Expected this quarter" (Oct) | Late about 5 months and counting |
| Apr 2026 | Minimum 6,000 GPUs in FY27 | Mar 2027 | About 5,100; about 6,124 if tranche 2 lands | Only if tranche 2 lands |
| Apr 2025 | More than 10,000 GPUs in 2-3 years | Apr 2027-Apr 2028 | About 5,100 at 18 months; about 8,600-9,100 even with tranche 2 and 5.4 MW [Est.] | Behind |
| Jan 2026 | About Rs 250 cr ARR (Rs 62.5 cr a quarter) from 1,024 B200 | Post go-live | Revenue up about Rs 128 cr a quarter Q4 FY26 to Q2 FY27; exit MRR +Rs 37.7 cr a month Mar to Sep 2026 | Beat (about 2x) |
| Jan 2026 | Blackwell capex Rs 600-650 cr via Axis/HDFC loans | FY26-27 | Borrowings Rs 103 cr to Rs 450 cr | Consistent |
| Jan 2026 | IndiaAI majority live by end-Jan | Jan 2026 | "Has not forced the Mission" (Apr); share 20-21% (Q1 FY27), 13-15% (Q2) | Slower |
| Jul 2025 | IndiaAI will not dilute margins | Ongoing | Margins expanded | Met |
| Sep 2025 / Feb 2026 | Raise up to Rs 1,000 cr | 2026 | QIP Rs 107 cr at Rs 2,500, 4.96% below floor | Largely not executed |
| Jul 2026 | Q2 MRR growth from capacity, not price | Q2 FY27 | No capacity added; MRR +4.6% | Missed |
| Apr 2025 | FY25 GPU count about 3,700 (incl. about 700 H100, 2,300 H200) | n.a. | Q2 FY27 deck shows FY25 1,900 | Definition changed |
Credibility summary [Est.]
Financial targets set in FY25-FY26 (MRR, FY26 revenue, utilisation, margin) were met or beaten, usually at the conservative end, and B200 economics beat the Jan-2026 guide by a wide margin. Hardware timing has been late every time: Chennai Hopper, the first B200 cluster and the second tranche. After a run of beats, management stopped giving quantified guidance; the Oct-2026 line "we never make forward-looking predictions" contradicts the explicit MRR, utilisation, GPU-count and margin targets given between Apr 2025 and Apr 2026.| Call | Tone |
|---|---|
| Apr 2025 | Defensive / explanatory |
| Jul 2025 | Hopeful but behind |
| Nov 2025 | Confident-expansionary |
| Jan 2026 | Confident and data-rich |
| Apr 2026 | Philosophical / defensive on metrics |
| Jul 2026 | Triumphant |
| Oct 2026 | Guarded, minimal disclosure |
| Recurring themes |
|---|
| Sovereign AI; India as an "AI factory" |
| Platform (TIR, Jarvislabs) over bare metal |
| "Judge us as a technology business" |
| Aggressive-but-judicious capacity build |
| Short, medium and long contract mix |
| Equity + debt + asset-light funding |
| Supply-chain delay as the explanation for slippage |
News and filings timeline (Aug 2024 to Oct 2026)
| Date | Event | Detail / reaction |
|---|---|---|
| 20 Aug 2024 | Preferential issue announced | Up to 24,81,592 shares at Rs 1,694.50 (Rs 420.51 cr sought); Rs 405.66 cr raised (CARE) |
| 28 Oct 2024 | Q2 FY25 call | n.a. |
| 5 Nov 2024 | L&T investment agreement | Up to 21% for Rs 1,407.02 cr; stock +5% to a record |
| 2 Dec 2024 | Capacity-addition filing | Arrangement with L&T for DC capacity |
| 4 Dec 2024 | L&T 15% allotted; Megha Raheja WTD and CFO; Varun Rajda exits | SAST 29(1) 12 Dec 2024 |
| Dec 2024 to Jan 2025 | Peak about Rs 549 (Rs 5,487.65 pre-split) | Aditya Shah (X): L&T paid "over 100x P/E" while the stock traded at Rs 2,078 |
| 22 Jan 2025 | Q3 FY25 call | n.a. |
| 2 Feb / 7 Feb 2025 | NDU clarification to NSE; IndiaAI empanelment LoI | n.a. |
| 11 / 12 Mar 2025 | Sovereign Cloud Platform; low Rs 171 (Rs 1,710.05) | n.a. |
| 17 Apr 2025 | Q4 FY25; CFO change | Stock rallied on PAT Rs 13.6 cr |
| 25 Apr / 15 May 2025 | L&T bulk buy; secondary from founder | 18.99%; 6% plan became about 3% |
| 11 Jun 2025 | Dalal & Broacha initiates Buy, target Rs 3,750 (Rs 375) | Stock about Rs 272 |
| 22 Jul 2025 | Q1 FY26; loss; utilisation 50-60% | n.a. |
| 1 Aug 2025 | Chennai Hopper capacity live | n.a. |
| 26-29 Aug 2025 | IndiaAI Rs 88 cr (GAN AI); Jarvislabs APA; Sarawagi out, Fafadia in | n.a. |
| 3 Sep 2025 | IndiaAI Rs 177 cr (Gnani.ai) | 10% upper circuit |
| 5 Sep 2025 | Airavat inter-fund block | 80,933 at Rs 2,867 |
| 26 / 29 Sep 2025 | 16th AGM; board plans Rs 1,000 cr raise | Stock -3.43% to Rs 3,332.40 |
| 7 Oct 2025 | 52-week high then, Rs 389 (Rs 3,894.70) | n.a. |
| 11 Nov 2025 | Q2 FY26 loss Rs 13.5 cr | Stock fell more than 2% |
| 6 Nov / 27 Nov 2025 | SemiAnalysis "Underperforming"; ICRA A- (Stable) | n.a. |
| Nov 2025 to Jan 2026 | 52-week low Rs 183.36 | Peak skepticism |
| Dec 2025 | Jarvislabs completed; SilverTap; Mumbai outage | n.a. |
| 2 Jan 2026 | Rs 8.49 cr GPU order via L&T | +3.4% intraday |
| 9 Jan 2026 | 1,024 B200 procured for Chennai | Value undisclosed |
| 15-16 Jan 2026 | Q3 FY26; registered office moved; internal auditor changed | n.a. |
| 29 Jan 2026 | Fafadia exits; Bezawada appointed | n.a. |
| 18 Feb 2026 | NVIDIA names E2E at India AI Impact Summit | +20% intraday to Rs 306.8, closed +11.5% at Rs 285.0; clarification: no new deal |
| 20 Feb 2026 | L&T-Vyoma MoU | "An MoU, not an order" (ValuePickr) |
| 25-26 Feb 2026 | QIP Rs 107 cr at Rs 2,500 | "Down round vs L&T" (forum) |
| 20-21 Apr 2026 | Q4 FY26; split approved | +5% at Rs 284.4; up 41% in 15 sessions to 23 Apr |
| 29 Apr 2026 | US$7.7 mn US trainer order | Stock rose |
| 14 / 19 May 2026 | Stamp-duty order; Reg 30 filing | n.a. |
| Mid/late May 2026 | B200 live; 5% upper circuit 20 May; about Rs 441 | n.a. |
| 5 / 12 Jun 2026 | Split; BSE listing | Debut about Rs 369, close Rs 387.45 |
| 12 / 17 Jun 2026 | CRO resigns; Sovcloud incorporated | n.a. |
| Jun 2026 | Global AI selloff days; 19 Jun +5% at Rs 425.9 | n.a. |
| 1 Jul 2026 | Price increase effective | n.a. |
| 21-22 Jul 2026 | Q1 FY27 | +5% at Rs 446.4; Rs 469 next day |
| 27 Jul to 14 Aug 2026 | Lower circuits; BSE ASM Stage I; HC stay on stamp duty (27 Jul) | Rs 517.15 on 31 Jul |
| 5 Aug 2026 | SVP Capacity and Infrastructure appointed | n.a. |
| 13-14 Aug 2026 | L&T-Vyoma wins Together AI 10,000 B300 | 52-week high then Rs 660 |
| 17-18 Aug 2026 | The Ken bear piece; company denial | First mainstream bear piece |
| 31 Aug 2026 | Rs 1,000 cr term sheet; Rs 1,500 cr raise approved (no prior intimation) | +3.1% to Rs 637.95 on 1 Sep |
| 5 Sep / 28 Sep 2026 | AR and AGM notice; 17th AGM | All 10 resolutions passed |
| 24 Sep 2026 | CRO Anand Ganapathy | n.a. |
| 6-12 Oct 2026 | Upper circuits; Rs 736.7 on BSE (12 Oct); high about Rs 765; CoreWeave enters India | Rs 688.90 on 6 Oct |
| 12 Oct 2026 | L&T nominee Ambastha resigns | Krishnan Mahesh proposed |
| 14-16 Oct 2026 | CoreWeave -15.5% (bond yields about 15%); Nebius -9% | Contagion fear |
| 16 Oct 2026 | Q2 FY27; Krishnan Mahesh appointed; exchange fines noted | -2.3% to Rs 694.85 (another print Rs 698) |
| 19-23 Oct 2026 | Daily 5% lower circuits to Rs 565.10 | Sep SHP shows L&T sell-down; flat MRR; neocloud scare; "about 12 lakh sell vs about 16k buy" (forum) |
| 21 Oct 2026 | Q2 transcript filed | n.a. |
| 26 Oct 2026 | 5.4 MW capacity addition | Lower circuit to upper circuit; Rs 594.35 |
Growth, Outlook & Valuation
Order book and revenue visibility
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Company disclosure | No order book or backlog is reported; contract values come only from Reg 30 filings |
| Disclosed contracts | Sovereign AI term sheet about Rs 1,000 cr to Jun 2029 (31 Aug 2026); IndiaAI Gnani.ai about Rs 177 cr (360 days) and GAN AI Rs 88.02 cr (12 months); US trainer US$7.7 mn (6 months, Apr 2026); L&T-routed SaaS Rs 8.49 cr (12 months from 1 Jan 2026) |
| Run-rate | Exit MRR Rs 75.1 cr x 12 = about Rs 901 cr; company says this is not contracted ARR |
| Contracted coverage [Est.] | About 50-55% of the run-rate for the next 2-3 quarters; about 37-40% once IndiaAI allocations roll off (about Q4 FY27) unless renewed |
| Repeat vs new | The sovereign deal re-papers an existing customer; no new large logo in H1 FY27 |
| Book-to-bill | Not meaningful: treating Rs 1,000 cr as Q2 intake vs Rs 224 cr revenue gives about 4.5x, but it is re-contracting |
| Cross-check [Est.] | Exit MRR rose about Rs 37.7 cr a month Mar to Sep 2026 with no GPUs added after May: about Rs 28-29 cr consistent with the B200 contract, about Rs 10 cr with Hopper repricing (1 Jul rise) and utilisation. Q2 margins carry a premium-price element that may not repeat on tranche 2 if sold at spot or IndiaAI rates |
| Conflict noted | Inc42 (13 Aug 2026) said E2E "operates ~2,000 B200" at Chennai: that counts tranche 2 being installed (C-13) |
Expansion plans and the funding gap
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Tranche 2 (1,024+ B200) | "In deployment"; go-live expected Q3 FY27; uncontracted; Rs 430 cr capex LC is the cost proxy (tranche 1 cost Rs 600-650 cr) |
| 5.4 MW for HGX B300 and other Blackwell | Filed 26 Oct 2026: existing "~ 9.2 MW", addition "Approximately 5.4 MW"; timeline "in accordance with the Company's infrastructure deployment plan and the anticipated demand"; investment "will depend on the actual deployment"; financing "A mix of internal accruals and Debt"; existing utilisation "may be specified based on the Company's internal operational data" (no number); location and GPU count not stated |
| Roadmap | B300 / Vera Rubin planning; 6,000 GPUs FY27 "minimum"; more than 10,000 within 2-3 years (Apr 2025) |
| Funding in hand | Unspent QIP Rs 102.43 cr; H1 FY27 EBITDA Rs 289.37 cr; borrowings already Rs 450.38 cr; ICRA-rated limits Rs 1,000 cr (Rs 550 cr proposed undrawn); Rs 1,500 cr equity enabling; Rs 10,000 cr borrowing authority |
| Off-balance-sheet options | Sovcloud SPV for cluster financing; L&T-Vyoma MoU (Vyoma-owned GPUs on E2E's platform); "open to everything" |
| 5.4 MW B300 conversion (company gave neither number) | GPUs | Capex | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1_business | 2,000-2,600 | Rs 1,150-1,500 cr | About 1.8-2.1 kW per GPU incl. networking; about US$65k all-in |
| 4_market | 2,500-3,000 | Rs 1,300-1,700 cr | About 1.8 kW IT load per GPU; US$55-60k all-in |
| 5_narrative | 2,500-3,000 | Rs 1,500-2,000 cr | Management's Rs 600-650 cr per 1,024 B200 benchmark (about Rs 0.6 cr per GPU) |
| ValuePickr forum | About 2,048 B300 at about 2.6 kW | About Rs 1,150-1,300 cr (Rs 575-650 cr per 1,024) | Forum estimate |
| Aamara central [Est.] | About 2,500-3,000 | About Rs 1,300-1,700 cr | Used across this report |
| Fleet after build-out [Est.] | About 8,600-9,100 | Near-term need with tranche 2: about Rs 1,700-2,100 cr (Rs 2,100-2,650 cr on 5_narrative's per-GPU benchmark) | vs Rs 102 cr unspent equity |
Catalysts, next 12 months
| Catalyst | Timing | Direction |
|---|---|---|
| Tranche-2 B200 go-live and contracting | Q3 FY27 (by Dec 2026) | Positive if contracted at sovereign-like rates; spot risk otherwise |
| Q3 FY27 results and Dec-26 MRR | About mid-Jan 2027 [Est.] | Test of growth after a flat Q2 exit |
| Rs 1,500 cr QIP / rights / FPO | Any time to Sep 2027 (365-day validity) | Dilution about 12.3%; may trigger broker initiations |
| Dec-2026 SHP (L&T holding) | About mid-Jan 2027 | Further sell-down would hurt sentiment |
| ICRA annual surveillance | About Nov 2026 | Upgrade case on earnings vs higher debt |
| IndiaAI Round 4 results; renewals of Gnani / GAN AI allocations | Q3-Q4 FY27 | Two-way: Blackwell volume vs tariffs |
| Inference products official launch | "A few weeks" from 16 Oct 2026 | Software monetisation evidence |
| Definitive agreement for the sovereign contract; customer identity | Open | Reduces counterparty uncertainty |
| Draft AI regulation; DPDP consent managers | Nov 2026 | Compliance cost / sovereign demand |
| Yotta IPO (DRHP about Oct 2026); Sify Infinit Spaces IPO; CtrlS IPO | FY27 | Private marks re-rate the space |
| Delhi HC stamp-duty writ | Open | Small |
Long-term drivers (3-5 years)
- India DC capacity 3-7x by 2030-31; 650,000-700,000 GPUs over five years (Avendus); India public cloud 22.6% CAGR.
- Sovereign and regulated demand (BFSI, government, Indic foundation models) that needs Indian-hosted compute.
- Shift to inference (80% of neocloud revenue by 2030 per ABI) and platform revenue (TIR, Jarvislabs, Sovereign Cloud Platform, AI Labs).
- International growth through Jarvislabs and the Delaware entity.
- Cheaper capital as scale and ratings improve (ICRA upgrade triggers building).
Valuation: current vs history
| FY-end (StockAnalysis) | Price, Re 1 adj. (Rs) | Mcap (Rs cr) | P/E | P/B | EV/EBITDA | EV/Sales |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY22 | 12.00 | 173 | 26.8x | 4.50x | 7.1x | 3.3x |
| FY23 | 17.68 | 256 | 25.8x | 5.18x | 7.9x | 3.7x |
| FY24 | 89.65 | 1,298 | 59.4x | 18.32x | 29.9x | 13.6x |
| FY25 | 211.98 | 3,068 | 64.6x | 1.93x | 35.7x | 17.3x |
| FY26 | 205.40 | 4,132 | n.m. (loss) | 2.45x | 36.8x | 15.8x |
| 3-yr average FY24-FY26 | n.a. | n.a. | 62.0x (2 yrs) | 7.57x (FY24-skewed) | 34.1x | 15.6x |
| Current TTM (26 Oct 2026) | 594.35 | 12,218 | 104.2x | 6.77x | 31.0x | 21.9x |
| Current on Q2 run-rate | 594.35 | 12,218 | 42.0x | n.a. | 17.5x | 13.4x |
On trailing EBITDA the stock is about 9% below its 3-year average EV/EBITDA and well below on run-rate; on P/E and EV/Sales it is above history because FY26 earnings were depressed. Up about 2.9x since 31 Mar 2026 (Rs 205.40) and about 94% over 52 weeks (Tickertape 1Y +76.48%). Other valuation prints: P/OCF 25.2x; EV/Sales 13.3x on MRR x 12; StockAnalysis EV/EBITDA 29.5x on its EBITDA definition; Screener consolidated P/E 173x (series gap); PRAVI Wealth 122x at Rs 694; MarketsMojo P/BV 8.5x. Dividend yield 0%; no buyback.
What today's price needs: FY28 scenarios [Est.]
| FY28E, Rs cr | Bear | Base | Bull |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capacity assumed | Today's fleet + tranche 2 at spot; IndiaAI rolls off; no B300 | Tranche 2 + about half of the 5.4 MW B300 live | Tranche 2 + full 5.4 MW B300 contracted |
| Revenue | 900 | 1,300 | 1,800 |
| EBITDA margin | 65% | 70% | 72% |
| EBITDA | 585 | 910 | 1,296 |
| D&A (6-year life) | (370) | (500) | (620) |
| Finance cost | (50) | (90) | (120) |
| Other income | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| PBT | 195 | 350 | 586 |
| Tax at 25% | (49) | (88) | (147) |
| PAT | 146 | 262 | 440 |
| Shares (cr; Rs 1,500 cr raise at about Rs 560 in base/bull) | 20.56 | 23.2 | 23.2 |
| EPS (Rs) | 7.1 | 11.3 | 19.0 |
| P/E at Rs 594.35 | 84x | 53x | 31x |
Aamara scenarios on stated assumptions, not forecasts; no consensus exists. A 5-year depreciation life cuts base-case PAT by about Rs 75 cr [Est.]. Street markers: ValuePickr bull Bramys FY28 EBITDA about Rs 1,200 cr and a "Rs 30,000 cr market cap"; Jaiprakash about 30x FY28 P/E and 12x EV/EBITDA (35x and 14x after dilution) with GPU rental returns of 15-17%; LaryWink base case FY31E sales Rs 2,700 cr and FY28E EPS Rs 4.57; Rando Investor forward P/E about 70-80x; vasu shankar gupta: the B200 cluster (about Rs 533 cr) earns about Rs 353 cr revenue and about Rs 104 cr PAT, paying back in about 2.8 years. PRAVI Wealth: to justify Rs 694 at 80x, EPS must reach about Rs 8.68. Dhruva Pandey (Apr 2026): exit-2026 ARR Rs 811-867 cr; base value Rs 5,880-6,720 cr at 7-8x forward revenue; bull Rs 8,400-10,080 cr only with 2-3 year non-cancellable contracts (now partly delivered); assumed a 15% legacy price cut. Market cap is now above his bull range.
Heard on the street: broker and independent coverage
| Source | Rating | Target (original / split-adj.) | Date | vs Rs 594.35 | Reliability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dalal & Broacha (Bharat Gulati asks on calls) | Buy (initiation) | Rs 3,750 / Rs 375 | 11 Jun 2025 | -37% | Stale; 20x EV/EBITDA; FY25-27E revenue CAGR 79%, EBITDA 97%, EPS 19%; 38% upside at initiation; no public update |
| Unknown house (Scribd "E2E Network 03Jul25") | ADD (initiation) | Rs 3,245 / Rs 324.5 | About 3 Jul 2025 | -45% | House unverified; "leading self-service cloud GPU provider"; risk GPU pricing |
| TradingView, one unnamed analyst | n.a. | Rs 606 (post-split) | 2026 | +2% | House undisclosed |
| "Kotak Institutional: Add, Rs 4,370" | Add | Rs 4,370 / Rs 437 | About Apr 2026 | -26% | Blog claim only; excluded |
| Univest (Ankit Jaiswal) | None | Rs 5,406 12M (bull 6,054 / bear 4,670) / Rs 541 | 4 Jun 2026 | -9% | Formula-based; low quality |
| MarketsMojo | Hold (quant) | n.a. | 16-19 Oct 2026 | n.a. | Flags P/BV 8.5, "pledge 60.39%" (actually an NDU), debt/EBITDA 1.26x |
| StockInvest.us | Buy to Hold/Accumulate (quant) | n.a. | Oct 2026 | n.a. | Algorithmic |
| Trendlyne, Sharpely, Alpha Spread, MarketScreener | "No estimates available" | n.a. | 26 Oct 2026 | n.a. | No consensus |
Consensus [Est.]: 2 Buy/Add (both 2025, one identifiable house), 0 Hold, 0 Sell; target range Rs 324.5 / 375 / 606 (-45% to +2%). The stock trades about 58% above Dalal & Broacha's target. No SEBI-registered broker changed a rating Nov 2025 to Oct 2026. Why coverage is thin: SME-to-main-board history, BSE listing only from Jun 2026, no guidance, two quarters of real PAT; a large raise often triggers initiations [Est.].
Price path
| Date | Price (split-adj.) | Move / trigger |
|---|---|---|
| Jul 2023 | About Rs 17-20 | Blume exit; trading-firm churn on the SME counter |
| 5 Nov 2024 | Record | L&T deal (+5%) |
| Dec 2024 to Jan 2025 | About Rs 549 (previous peak) | Post-L&T euphoria |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Rs 171 | Low |
| 11 Jun 2025 | About Rs 272 | D&B initiation |
| 7 Oct 2025 | Rs 389 | 52-week high then |
| Nov 2025 to Jan 2026 | Rs 183.36 | 52-week low; loss quarters |
| 18 Feb 2026 | Rs 306.8 intraday, close Rs 285.0 | NVIDIA summit mention; February +43% MTD; 20% band then |
| 21 Apr 2026 | Rs 284.4 (+5%) | Q4 FY26; split; band now 5% |
| May 2026 | About Rs 441 | B200 live; 20 May upper circuit |
| 12 Jun 2026 | Rs 387.45 | BSE debut close |
| 22 Jul 2026 | Rs 469 | Q1 FY27; 52-week high then |
| 31 Jul 2026 | Rs 517.15 | After ASM lower circuits |
| 14 Aug 2026 | Rs 660 | L&T Together AI order read as positive |
| 1 Sep 2026 | Rs 637.95 | Sovereign term sheet (+3.1%) |
| 6 / 12 Oct 2026 | Rs 688.90 / Rs 736.7 (BSE); high about Rs 765 | Pre-results run-up |
| 16 Oct 2026 | Rs 694.85 (-2.3%) | Results; "sell the news" |
| 23 Oct 2026 | Rs 565.10 | Seven-session fall (-26% from the high) |
| 26 Oct 2026 | Rs 594.35 (+5%) | 5.4 MW filing; lower circuit to upper circuit |
Prices before 5 Jun 2026 are pre-split prints divided by 10; some aggregators mix the two (hence "Rs 4,324" and "Rs 594" both in 2026 coverage). Tickertape YTD about +196-200%; end-Dec 2025 about Rs 187.5 [Est.].
Liquidity, deals, forums and sentiment
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Volume | About 2.2 mn shares on 26 Oct 2026 (NSE + BSE); 5% circuits on 20 May, 21 Jul, 27 Jul, 6 Oct, 12 Oct, 19-23 Oct and 26 Oct 2026 |
| Bulk / block deals | 18 Feb 2026 NK Securities 1,03,899 buy and sell (pre-split); 25 Apr 2025 L&T 1,22,625 at Rs 2,122.42; 5 Sep 2025 Airavat inter-fund 80,933 at Rs 2,867; Jul 2023 Blume and trading firms. None else May 2025 to Oct 2026; L&T's 2026 sale did not appear as a bulk/block deal |
| ValuePickr thread 19083 | Started 31 Aug 2018 (Ganesh Mehta); about 799 visible posts, 1,82,557 views, 3,319 likes at 26 Oct 2026; the best-informed retail forum; several call participants post there |
| Trendlyne poll | 76.81% Buy, 9.18% Hold, 14.01% Sell (207 votes, 26 Oct 2026); Aug 2025 76.55/8.28/15.17 (145) |
| Other polls | 67.5% Buy (40 users); 77.89% Buy (190 votes); a Moneycontrol widget 100% Sell on a tiny sample |
| Trendlyne momentum | 65.6/100, "Technically Moderately Bullish", "Turnaround Potential" |
| TradingView | Community ideas technical only ("Base Formation and Trend Change") |
| Not swept | Reddit, X, YouTube, Morningstar boards (search budget exhausted): a gap, not evidence of silence |
| ValuePickr phase | Sentiment (Analyst View, summarised) |
|---|---|
| Jan-Feb 2026 | GPU-obsolescence debate (Akshat Singhal vs SD and AmitContrarian: CoreWeave re-contracted H100s within 5%, AWS runs six-year-old A100s); NVIDIA euphoria; QIP a "down round" |
| Apr-Jun 2026 | Euphoric: MRR tripled; US-customer-is-OpenAI speculation; Sarvam took first 1,000 B200 (Bramys, 17 Jun; unverified); price rise welcomed; holders cite entries at Rs 49-72 pre-split |
| Jul 2026 | Bramys: Q3 and Q4 at least Rs 300 cr each, FY EBITDA about Rs 600 cr, "Rs 30,000 cr market cap"; Rando Investor asks for support; "Pleasantly disappointed" (Ishaan Sejwal) |
| Aug 2026 | The Ken shock: "hit piece" (vikas sinha, Rando Investor) vs The Ken's record on Byju's and Ola Electric (Jitendra); then the Rs 1,000 cr deal; FY28 EBITDA Rs 1,200 cr debate |
| Sep 2026 | Valuation fight (LaryWink, Rando Investor, Jaiprakash); Anand S on Airtel Cloud competition |
| Oct 2026 | Ravikiran Hegde: CoreWeave India threat, software moat "an assumption, not proven, unlike CUDA"; GP fleet count; nav_1996: "L&T is a financial investor ... no operational benefit expected"; Rando Investor: "between a rock and a hard place" on funding; aceinvestor_75: management dodged questions, L&T "down about 2%", sovereign deals mean "cut-throat pricing"; several posters say it is their largest holding |
| Voice | Platform, date | Stance | Thesis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dhruva Pandey (holds) | Substack, 8 Sep and 12 Oct 2026 | Constructive, then cautious | Strategy coherent, returns unproven; B200 at Rs 52.1 lakh, 80% utilisation, 70% margin: project IRR about 2.8% on 4 years, 10.4-14.6% on 6; 13% IRR needs Rs 362-417/hr (4-yr) or Rs 276-318/hr (6-yr); IndiaAI pays about Rs 290.70/hr for B200 vs US$6.99 list; flags revenue-recognition KAM, receivables + unbilled Rs 12.9 cr to Rs 30.9 cr, capital-goods creditors about Rs 429 cr |
| PRAVI Wealth (Abhinav Siddharth, SEBI RA INH000027894; holds) | Substack, 16 Oct 2026 | Neutral, wary of valuation | 122x at Rs 694; EBITDA is not FCF; contract may be conversion not new revenue |
| Karan Shah | Substack, 14 Sep 2025; ValuePickr | Long-term bull | "India's GPU gladiator": "story intact, but execution is king"; flagged the Q1 FY26 miss |
| Aditya Shah | X, Feb 2025 | Valuation skeptic | L&T paid Rs 3,622 and Rs 2,750 at "over 100x P/E" vs Rs 2,078 market |
| Ashish Kacholia | Investor | Bull by action | Rs 30 cr in the Sep-2024 preferential; "portfolio stock up 1,645% in 15 months" (BS, Nov 2024) |
| Jensen Huang | CNBC, Oct 2026 (via ValuePickr) | Sector bull | Neocloud demand "off the charts", capital scarce |
| Beth Kindig / Gavin Baker | X, Sep 2026 (via ValuePickr) | Bull / cautious | Oracle renewed GPUs at a 20% premium, most 4+ years old / about US$1T of AI commitments unfunded |
| Sahi / Multibagg (AI-assisted) | 2026 | "Bullish, 3-12 months" | Watch B200 utilisation, Blackwell funding, interest cost, falling tender prices, NVIDIA roadmap |
| The Ken (Mrunmayee Kulkarni) | 17 Aug 2026; follow-up about 5 Oct | Bear | L&T bypassed E2E for Together AI; utilisation 35-40% vs 80% target; "burning cash"; bank loans; not covered by NVIDIA's depreciation backstop; E2E "a tenant" in L&T's DC; L&T moved DC assets to Vyoma.AI (about Rs 1,400 cr). Company: "factually incorrect statements" |
| SemiAnalysis ClusterMAX 2.0 | 6 Nov 2025 | Operational bear | "Underperforming"; see Tab 9 |
| Whalesbook (Ananya Iyer) | 26 Oct 2026 | Cautious | Debt, execution, valuation; "about 196% YTD" |
| Business Today, Business Standard, DSIJ, Inc42, FPJ; CNBC-TV18 (31 Aug contract) | 2025-26 | Neutral to positive | Event reporting; DSIJ "FIIs nearly double their stake" |
| Multibagg.ai, Kalkine, Univest, IndMoney | 2026 | Mixed / promotional | AI-generated summaries; targets unattributable |
| Older interviews | TimesTech, SME Futures | n.a. | Low-cost cloud for start-ups; data sovereignty; no 2026 TV interview found |
Street synthesis [Analyst View]
There is no broker consensus; the street is buy-side funds, family offices, Substack writers and ValuePickr. Bulls and bears agree the growth is real, 70%+ EBITDA is achievable at today's prices, more capital is needed, the stock trades on MRR, deployment and contract disclosures because management will not guide, and it moves with CoreWeave and Nebius. They disagree on (1) returns on capital vs growth (6-year book life vs economic life: about 3% vs about 15% returns); (2) utilisation (The Ken 35-40% vs "fully utilized"); (3) whether L&T is a partner or a seller; (4) revenue quality (IndiaAI plus one sovereign customer is about half the run-rate); (5) how to value it (104x trailing vs 12-15x forward EV/Sales). Sentiment: Apr-Jul strongly bullish (Rs 290 to Rs 517); Aug first real debate; Sep to mid-Oct valuation-led melt-up to about Rs 765 with FPI buying; 16-23 Oct -26% on flat MRR, no guidance, the neocloud credit scare and the L&T sell-down; 26 Oct rebound on the 5.4 MW filing. The forum question changed from "how big can this get" to "who funds the next round of capex, and at what return". The street is watching: tranche-2 go-live and contracting; terms of the Rs 1,500 cr raise; L&T in the Dec-2026 SHP; Dec-2026 MRR; any utilisation or customer disclosure; IndiaAI second-round terms; a large broker initiation after the raise.Final Verdict
Aamara Capital verdict, 26 Oct 2026
TRACK
E2E Networks has turned from a loss-making GPU landlord into a 76.6%-EBITDA-margin sovereign GPU cloud in two quarters, on the back of one 1,024-B200 cluster now locked into a Rs 1,000 cr contract. At Rs 594.35 (104x trailing, 42x run-rate earnings) the price already assumes that the next roughly Rs 1,700-2,100 cr of capex (tranche 2 plus the 5.4 MW B300 build) earns similar returns, while that capacity is uncontracted, has no committed equity beyond Rs 102 cr (tranche 2 rests on the Rs 430 cr LC and new debt; the B300 build has no disclosed funding plan beyond "internal accruals and Debt"), and is disclosed with less detail than a year ago. We watch it against dated triggers rather than commit capital now.
Bull case
- Unit economics proven: the first B200 cluster (about Rs 533 cr) is contracted for about Rs 1,000 cr over 34 months (about 1.9x), at about Rs 393/GPU-hr; repeat that on tranche 2 and the B300 build and FY28 PAT of Rs 400 cr-plus puts the stock near 30x [Est.].
- Scarce sovereign position: the only listed Indian pure-play GPU cloud, MeitY and IndiaAI empanelled, Round 4 qualified, with data-residency demand from BFSI and Indic model builders and a software layer (TIR, Jarvislabs, Sovereign Cloud Platform) that most GPU landlords lack.
- Balance-sheet headroom: net cash Rs 237 cr, ICRA A- with upgrade triggers building, interest cover 16.6x, deferred tax shielding cash; GPU rental prices up about 40% from the 2025 trough and older hardware still selling above book.
Bear case
- Growth stalls between cohorts: Q2 exit MRR +4.6%; tranche 2 is about two quarters late and uncontracted; the headline Rs 1,000 cr deal re-papers existing revenue; IndiaAI allocations (13-15%) roll off at quarterly-reset L1 prices.
- Capital treadmill and depreciation: Rs 1,700-2,100 cr of near-term capex vs Rs 102 cr unspent equity means about 12% dilution plus debt well above Rs 450 cr; a 4-5 year economic life on about 3,000 Hopper GPUs would cut run-rate PBT by 14-50%; supply from Yotta, Reliance, Neysa, L&T-Vyoma and CoreWeave India compresses realisations.
- Concentration and governance: about 39% of MRR from one unnamed customer on a term sheet; L&T selling quietly and building a competing 10,000-GPU factory; promoter vote on a material RPT; utilisation and mix no longer disclosed; a 57.5%-volatility stock that fell 26% in a week.
Base case (12-18 months)
Tranche 2 goes live in Q3 or Q4 FY27, partly contracted, lifting MRR to about Rs 90-100 cr; EBITDA margin settles around 70% as new cohorts and IndiaAI resets dilute the Q2 peak; the company raises Rs 1,000-1,500 cr of equity plus several hundred crore of debt for the B300 build; reported PAT grows but D&A rises ahead of revenue again; the stock trades in a wide band driven by deployment news, the raise and the global neocloud trade.Five things to remember
- The Rs 1,000 cr sovereign deal is the existing B200 cluster re-papered for 34 months (about 39% of MRR, about Rs 393/GPU-hr), not new capacity.
- Q2 FY27: revenue Rs 223.76 cr, EBITDA 76.6%, PAT Rs 72.71 cr; TTM P/E 104.2x, run-rate 42.0x; EV/EBITDA 31.0x TTM, 17.5x run-rate.
- The 60.46% promoter encumbrance is a Non-Disposal Undertaking in favour of L&T, not a pledge; L&T itself fell to 16.57% at Sep-26.
- Depreciation is 6-year straight-line; every year shorter is a big swing in PBT, and tranche 2 plus B300 add D&A before revenue.
- H1 OCF (Rs 396.49 cr) includes an undisclosed Rs 129.81 cr OCL inflow and two cash-flow lines that do not tie; FCF remains negative.
Five questions to ask before investing
- Who is the sovereign counterparty, when is the definitive agreement signed, and what payment security backs it? Is the Rs 129.81 cr OCL rise its advance?
- At what price and tenor will tranche 2 be contracted, and what is fleet utilisation by GPU generation today?
- What will the 5.4 MW B300 build cost, where and when, and how much of it is equity vs debt vs off-balance-sheet via Sovcloud?
- How do the IndiaAI order values reconcile with recognised revenue, and on what terms will they renew?
- What is L&T's intent (stake, nominee, Vyoma competition), and how will the company address the promoter vote on Resolution 10?
Dated triggers
| Trigger | Date | Move to ENGAGE if | Move to DECLINE if |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tranche-2 B200 go-live and contracting | Q3 FY27 (by Dec 2026) | Live and mostly contracted on multi-year terms at or near sovereign economics | Slips past Q4 FY27, or sold at spot / IndiaAI rates with margin below 65% |
| Q3 FY27 results and Dec-26 MRR | About mid-Jan 2027 | MRR above Rs 90 cr with EBITDA at or above 70% | MRR flat or down; EBITDA below 65% |
| Rs 1,500 cr raise | Any time to Sep 2027 | Raised at or above about Rs 550 with institutional anchors and a clear use tied to contracted capacity | Deep discount, rights issue to fill gaps, or debt-only funding pushing debt/EBITDA above 2.5x |
| Sovereign contract | Open | Definitive agreement and counterparty disclosed; OCL rise explained as an advance | Term sheet renegotiated or delayed billing |
| L&T holding (Dec-2026 SHP) and conduct | About mid-Jan 2027 | Stake stable; nominee active; MoU turns into a definitive orchestration deal | Further sell-down or exit of board rights |
| ICRA surveillance | About Nov 2026 | Affirmed or upgraded | Outlook negative on debt-funded capex |
| IndiaAI renewals / Round 4 | Q3-Q4 FY27 | Renewed or replaced by Blackwell allocations at viable tariffs | Lost or renewed far below current rates |
| Disclosure and governance | Ongoing | Utilisation and contracted mix disclosed again; Reg 23(4) vote addressed | Further disclosure regression or related-party issues |
| Price discipline | Ongoing | Entry nearer 30-35x base-case FY28E EPS (about Rs 340-400) once triggers are met [Est.] | n.a. |
Final opinion
TRACK. A real Indian AI-compute inflection with credible unit economics on its first Blackwell cluster, priced for the next two cohorts to repeat it before they are built, contracted or funded. Revisit when tranche 2 is live and contracted, the Rs 1,500 cr raise is priced, and the Dec-2026 shareholding shows where L&T stands.
Sources
Merged and de-duplicated from the ### Sources lists of all seven input files (0_ENTITY to 7_primary) plus 7_primary's primary documents. All accessed 26 Oct 2026 unless another date is shown; publication or data date in brackets. 7_primary's PDFs were downloaded on 26 Oct 2026 to C:\Users\GAURAV\CompanyResearch\_md\E2E\_pdfs\ (plain GET with browser User-Agent and exchange Referer; text via PyMuPDF; scanned pages rendered to PNG); NSE base URL https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/. Where an earlier file could not fetch an NSE PDF (timeouts) and used a secondary rendering, the primary document read by 7_primary supersedes it.
| Category | Documents / URLs (approx.) |
|---|---|
| Primary exchange filings read in full (7_primary) | 47 |
| Company IR documents (e2enetworks.com objectstore and site) | 26 |
| Other exchange filings and feeds | 26 |
| Credit rating and monitoring agency | 3 |
| Transcripts and call summaries | 24 |
| Financial databases and data vendors | 35 |
| News and commentary | 74 |
| Industry, policy, peers and competitors | 62 |
| Independent analysts, forums and social | 10 |
Primary exchange filings read in full (7_primary; NSE base URL unless shown)
- Q2 FY27 standalone and consolidated results, board outcome (Krishnan Mahesh appointment) [16 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_16102026134952_Final_Outcome_of_Board_Meeting.pdf (identical copies ...E2E_16102026135018 and ...E2E_16102026140239; also on BSE)
- Q2 FY27 press release [16 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_16102026150410_SignedPressRelease16102026.pdf
- Q2 FY27 investor presentation [16 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_16102026151325_Signed_E2E_Networks_IP_Q2_FY27_Final.pdf ; company copy https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Investor_Presentations/Signed_E2E_Networks_IP_Q2_FY27_Final.pdf
- Q2 FY27 earnings-call transcript [call 16 Oct, filed 21 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_21102026162502_E2E_Trans_Final.pdf
- Q1 FY27 transcript [call 22 Jul, filed 28 Jul 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_28072026113518_EC_Transcript22072026.pdf ; company copy https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Investor_Presentations/EC_Transcript22072026.pdf
- Q4 FY26 transcript [call 20 Apr, filed 22 Apr 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_22042026154021_EC_Transcript_2.pdf ; company copy https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Investor_Presentations/Transcript_of_Earnings_Call_20-Apr-2026.pdf
- Q3 FY26 transcript [call 16 Jan, filed 19 Jan 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_19012026171627_Transcript_Combined.pdf
- Capacity addition, 5.4 MW [26 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_26102026141943_Capacity_Addition__1_.pdf
- CARE monitoring-agency reports, Q2 FY27 (L&T preferential and QIP) [16 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_16102026181632_Signed_Monitoring_Agency_Report_16102026.pdf
- Board comments on NSE and BSE fines [16 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_16102026222707_Signed_Intimation.pdf
- L&T nominee resignation and proposal [12 Oct 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_ROID_100261_KMP_Doc.zip
- FY2025-26 Annual Report, 182 pp [filed BSE 5 Sep 2026]: https://www.bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachHis/d9f0427e-39c5-4025-9c1d-85fae1a2fd80.pdf ; company copy https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Financial_Compliance/Financial_Information/Annual_Reports/FY_2025_2026_2025_2026.pdf
- 17th AGM notice [5 Sep 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_05092026150615_Notice_05092026.pdf ; AGM proceedings [28 Sep 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_28092026151031_AGM_Proceedings.pdf ; scrutinizer report [29 Sep 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_29092026153208_Report.pdf
- AGM voting results XBRL [29 Sep 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/xbrl/RESULT_VOTING_1730335_29092026035005_WEB.xml
- Sovereign AI binding term sheet, Reg 30 [31 Aug 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_31082026171929_Order_DisclosureReg30_.pdf ; company copy https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/Order_DisclosureReg30.pdf
- Press release, Rs 1,500 cr raise and Rs 1,000 cr deal [31 Aug 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_31082026232711_Press_Release_31082026.pdf ; board outcome [31 Aug 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_31082026140349_Outcome_of_BM.pdf
- Clarification on The Ken article [18 Aug 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_18082026101127_Clarification_on_KEN_Article.pdf ; company copy https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/Clarification_on_KEN_Article.pdf
- Stamp-duty order, Reg 30 [19 May 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_19052026134154_OrderReg_30_.pdf ; Delhi HC interim stay [27 Jul 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_27072026181726_IntimationofCourtOrder.pdf
- Split record date [21 May 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_21052026203120_E2E-Record_date_intimation.pdf ; postal-ballot scrutinizer [21 May 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_21052026200136_Scruitnizers_21052026.pdf ; BSE listing disclosure [11 Jun 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_11062026193848_E2EDisclosure11062026.pdf (BSE notice 20260611-23)
- FY26 audited results [20 Apr 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_20042026154423_Outcome_BM20042026.pdf ; company copy https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Financial_Compliance/Financial_Information/Financial_Results/20252026/Audit_financial_Results_for_the_Financial_year_ended_March_31_03_2026.pdf
- Q3 FY26 board outcome incl. registered-office shift [15 Jan 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_15012026151415_Outcome_of_Board_Meeting_15012026.pdf
- QIP allotment outcome [26 Feb 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_26022026234409_OutcomeAllotment26022026.pdf
- Sovcloud Technologies incorporation filing [17 Jun 2026]: NSE filing E2E_17062026183614
- Promoter Reg 31(4) declarations [FY25 filed 28 Jun / 2 Jul 2025; FY26 filed 16 Apr / 7 May 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/team_sandeshc_10042026115218_reg11.pdf ; https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/team_bbodade_16042026154249_E2E.pdf ; https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/team_bbodade_23042025184221_E2E.pdf ; https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/team_sandeshc_29042025114529_Declaration3.pdf
- Encumbrance clarification to NSE [2 Feb 2025]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_02022025154447_Clarification_Letter_E2E.pdf
- L&T SAST Reg 29(1) [6 Dec 2024, filed 12 Dec]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E291_12122024145943_43159.zip ; L&T Reg 29(2) [19 May 2025]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/Disclosure2_05212025170859_45551.zip
- Shareholding-pattern XBRL (NSE corporate-share-holdings-master): SHP_1741288_19102026012647_WEB.xml (30 Sep 2026); SHP_1694408_16072026054014_WEB.xml (30 Jun 2026); SHP_1653250_17042026043352_WEB.xml (31 Mar 2026); SHP_1631069_27022026060519_WEB.xml (26 Feb 2026); SHP_1606802_21012026014942_WEB.xml (31 Dec 2025); SHP_1555485_23102025112517_WEB.xml (30 Sep 2025); SHP_1485632_17072025053947_WEB.xml (30 Jun 2025); SHP_197162_1414363_15042025113707_WEB.xml (31 Mar 2025)
- NSE APIs queried 26 Oct 2026: corporate-sast-reg29, corporate-pledgedata, corporates-pit, corporate-voting-results, corporate-announcements (2024 to 2026)
Company IR documents (e2enetworks.com)
- Q1 FY27 investor presentation [21 Jul 2026]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Investor_Presentations/IP_21072026E2E.pdf
- Q2 FY27 results (company copy) [16 Oct 2026]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Financial_Compliance/Financial_Information/Financial_Results/20262027/Financial_Results_Q2_202627.pdf
- Q3 FY26 results [15 Jan 2026]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Financial_Compliance/Financial_Information/Financial_Results/20252026/Q3_Unaudited_Financial_Results_for_the_Quarter_Ended_December_31_2025.pdf
- Q2 FY25 results [21 Oct 2024]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Financial_Compliance/Financial_Information/Financial_Results/20242025/Unaudited_Financials_Results_for_Quarter_ended_September_30_2024_30_09_2024.pdf
- Reg 30, US$7.7 mn agreement with US AI provider [29 Apr 2026]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/E2E_SEBI_Reg30.pdf
- Reg 30, service order via L&T to Indian-HQ global SaaS provider [2 Jan 2026]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/Service_order_Indian_Headquartered_Global_SaaS_Provider.pdf
- Reg 30, IndiaAI allocation to GAN AI [26 Aug 2025]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/Allocation_of_GPU_resources_to_GAN_AI_under_IndiaAI_Mission_26_08_2025.pdf
- Reg 30, revised IndiaAI allocation to Gnani AI [3 Sep 2025]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/Revised_Allocation_of_GPU_resources_to_GNANI_AI_under_IndiaAI_Mission_03_09_2025.pdf
- Reg 30, IndiaAI order status update [4 Dec 2025]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/Status_Update_of_Order_Received_from_IndiaAI_Mission.pdf
- Reg 30, IndiaAI empanelment [7 Feb 2025]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Investor_Resources/Corporate_Announcements/Other_Filing_with_Stock_Exchange/Intimation_of_empanelment_of_the_Company_for_Providing_AI_Services_on_Cloud_under_India_AI_with_Ministry_of_Electronics.pdf
- Shareholding pattern 30 Jun 2026 (redacted) [Jul 2026]: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Financial_Compliance/Shareholding_Pattern/SHP_30062026_Redacted.pdf
- Policy on Related Party Transactions: https://e2e-mainsite-ui.objectstore.e2enetworks.net/Governance/Significant_Policies/Policy_on_Related_Party_Transactions.pdf
- IR indexes: https://www.e2enetworks.com/investors/corporate-announcements ; https://www.e2enetworks.com/investors/financial-information ; https://www.e2enetworks.com/investors/investor-presentations ; https://www.e2enetworks.com/investors/shareholders-meeting ; https://www.e2enetworks.com/investors/pd-qip (QIP placement document dated 25 Feb 2026); e2enetworks.com/investors/investor-relations
- Website: https://www.e2enetworks.com/ (catalogue, certifications, logos); https://www.e2enetworks.com/pricing ; https://www.e2enetworks.com/us/pricing ; https://e2enetworks.com/meity
- Sibling research inputs: C:\Users\GAURAV\CompanyResearch\_md\E2E\0_ENTITY.md, 1_business.md, 2_financials.md, 3_governance.md, 4_market.md, 5_narrative.md, 6_heard.md, 7_primary.md
Other exchange filings and feeds
- Filings retrieved via https://www.e2enetworks.com/investors/corporate-announcements and https://www.e2enetworks.com/investors/shareholders-meeting (3_governance): resignation of CRO M. Kesava Reddy [12 Jun 2026]; secondary sale by Tarun Dua to L&T [15 May 2025]; 16th AGM voting results [AGM 26 Sep 2025, signed 16 Oct 2025]; 17th AGM voting results [AGM 28 Sep 2026, signed 29 Sep 2026]; scrutinizer reports [27 Apr 2026 and 21 May 2026]; EGM notices [Nov 2024 and Jun 2025]; postal-ballot notices [Oct 2025 and Mar 2026]; change in management [12 Oct 2026]; Collector of Stamps order [19 May 2026] and Delhi HC update [27 Jul 2026] (also listed above)
- Board outcome, L&T allotment and Megha Raheja appointment [4 Dec 2024]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_04122024180941_Finaloutcomesigned.pdf
- L&T Reg 29 intimation [15 May 2025]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/PAM_15052025180512_Intimation15052025.pdf
- Aug 2024 preferential press release [20 Aug 2024]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_20082024234119_PressRelease.pdf ; Sep 2024 preferential outcome [21 Sep 2024]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_21092024185134_Outcome.pdf
- L&T colocation capacity-addition filing [2 Dec 2024]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_02122024192956_CapacityAdditionsigned.pdf
- E2E-L&T Vyoma MoU press release [20 Feb 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_20022026143935_PressReleaseE2ELT.pdf
- B200 procurement press release [9 Jan 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_09012026110511_Press_Release_B200.pdf
- QIP Fund Raise Committee closing outcome [26 Feb 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_26022026230543_OutcomeFRCClosing26022026.pdf
- ESOP allotment outcome [7 Jan 2025]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_07012025162211_Outcome_Allotment_ESOP.pdf
- CARE monitoring-agency report [20 Apr 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_20042026190752_MA_Report_20042026.pdf
- Q3 FY25 earnings-call intimation [18 Jan 2025]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_18012025113341_Earning_Call_Intimation_Signed.pdf
- NSE circular CML74383, sub-division [Jun 2026]: https://nsearchives.nseindia.com/content/circulars/CML74383.pdf
- NSE main-board migration intimation [8 Apr 2022]: https://archives.nseindia.com/corporate/E2E_08042022183417_NSEIntimation08042022.pdf
- BSE scrip page 544783: https://www.bseindia.com/stock-share-price/e2e-networks-ltd/e2e/544783
- BSE filing on L&T rights over promoter transfers [Nov-Dec 2024; 403 on fetch]: https://bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachHis/1d8cadd4-5142-4b42-ac86-0ca0f15a979c.pdf
- MCA charge register via Tofler (CIN L72900DL2009PLC341980): https://www.tofler.in
Credit rating and monitoring agency
- ICRA rationale, [ICRA]A- (Stable) assigned on Rs 1,000 cr [27 Nov 2025]: https://www.icra.in/Rating/ShowRationalReportFilePdf/139291 (same document: https://www.icra.in/Rating/GetRationalReportFilePdf?id=139291)
- CARE Ratings monitoring-agency reports (Q2 FY27, 16 Oct 2026; FY26, 20 Apr 2026): see primary filings above
- India Ratings, Yotta AI, Cloud and Data Centres [2026; page did not render]: https://www.indiaratings.co.in/pressrelease/ybjpt1dtivmmsql8savxibbh
Transcripts and call summaries
- Investing.com, Q2 FY27 transcript [16 Oct 2026]: https://www.investing.com/news/transcripts/earnings-call-transcript-e2e-networks-posts-surging-q2-2026-results-on-ai-demand-93CH-4953889 ; CA mirror https://ca.investing.com/news/stock-market-news/earnings-call-transcript-e2e-networks-posts-surging-q2-2026-results-on-ai-demand-93CH-4885001
- Investing.com, Q2 FY27 slides [16-17 Oct 2026]: https://www.investing.com/news/company-news/e2e-networks-q2-fy27-slides-revenue-surges-411-on-gpu-expansion-93CH-4953917
- GuruFocus, Q2 FY27 highlights [16-17 Oct 2026]: https://www.gurufocus.com/news/9128242/e2e-networks-ltd-nsee2e-q2-2027-earnings-call-highlights-revenue-surges-411-yoy-on-blackwell-gpu-momentum ; transcript (participants) https://www.gurufocus.com/news/9127926/q2-2027-e2e-networks-ltd-earnings-call-transcript ; Yahoo mirror https://finance.yahoo.com/markets/stocks/articles/e2e-networks-ltd-nse-e2e-210050197.html
- GuruFocus, Q1 FY27 highlights [22 Jul 2026]: https://www.gurufocus.com/news/8971114/e2e-networks-ltd-nsee2e-q1-2027-earnings-call-highlights-record-revenue-growth-and-strategic-investments
- Cofacto (CompoundingAI), Q1 FY27 call [Jul 2026]: https://cofacto.ai/market-news/e2e-q1-fy27-earnings-call
- Quartr summaries: Q1 FY27 https://quartr.com/events/e2e-networks-limited-e2e-q1-26-27_FM7iUlrz ; Q4 FY26 https://quartr.com/events/e2e-networks-limited-e2e-q4-25-26_FM7iUlrj ; Q3 FY26 https://quartr.com/events/e2e-networks-limited-e2e-q3-25-26_FM7iUlrf ; Q2 FY26 https://quartr.com/events/e2e-networks-limited-e2e-q2-25-26_FM7iUlrq ; Q1 FY26 https://quartr.com/events/e2e-networks-limited-e2e-q1-25-26_FM7iUlrC
- earningscalls.dev, Q4 FY26 transcript [20 Apr 2026]: https://earningscalls.dev/transcripts/e2e-networks-limited_e2e_earnings_call_transcript_2026-04-20
- FinancePulse, Q3 FY26 call [19 Jan 2026]: https://financepulse.ai/earnings-calls/e2e-networks-q3-fy26-19-jan/
- Arthneeti, Q2 FY26 call analysis [Nov 2025]: https://www.arthneeti.com/stocks/e2e-networks-ltd/concall/q2-fy26-earnings-call-analysis
- Yahoo/GuruFocus, Q1 FY26 highlights [22 Jul 2025]: https://finance.yahoo.com/news/e2e-networks-ltd-nse-e2e-110028471.html
- MarketSetup, FY25/Q4 FY25 review [Apr 2025]: https://marketsetup.in/posts/e2e-fy25-q4/
- The Transcript Guy, Q2 FY27 [Oct 2026]: https://thetranscriptguy.substack.com/p/e2e-networks-q2-fy27-strong-earnings
- Multibagg.ai: Q2 FY27 https://www.multibagg.ai/market-pulse/articles/e2e-q2fy27-c7dae4c0-1096-401c-94f0-3e7bcc1b4a8e and https://www.multibagg.ai/market-pulse/articles/e2e-q2fy27-1f2dca10-9dd5-45b4-8972-3d5956abe246 [16-21 Oct 2026]; Q1 FY27 https://www.multibagg.ai/market-pulse/articles/e2e-q1fy27-96350 [21 Jul 2026]
- Sahi, Q1 FY27 / AI super cycle [23 Jul 2026]: https://www.sahi.com/news/e2e-networks-targets-ai-super-cycle-capacity-expansion-over-next-two-to-three-years-4761-PE1_COR
- Alphastreet, Q3 FY26 results [Jan 2026]: https://alphastreet.com/india/e2e-networks-q3-fy26-earnings-results/amp
Financial databases and data vendors
- Screener, E2E standalone and consolidated (P&L FY15-FY26, quarters, balance sheet, cash flow, ratios, shareholding, announcements): https://www.screener.in/company/E2E/ ; https://www.screener.in/company/E2E/consolidated/
- StockAnalysis, E2E (26 Oct 2026): https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/E2E/statistics/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/E2E/financials/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/E2E/financials/?p=quarterly ; https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/E2E/financials/balance-sheet/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/E2E/financials/cash-flow-statement/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/E2E/financials/ratios/
- StockAnalysis, peers (26 Oct 2026): https://stockanalysis.com/stocks/crwv/statistics/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/stocks/nbis/statistics/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/NETWEB/statistics/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/quote/nse/TATACOMM/statistics/ ; https://stockanalysis.com/stocks/sify/statistics/
- Screener, peers: https://www.screener.in/company/NETWEB/consolidated/ ; https://www.screener.in/company/TATACOMM/consolidated/
- Trendlyne, E2E quote, poll, ASM, performance, insider, bulk/block deals, split: https://trendlyne.com/equity/97147/E2E/e2e-networks-ltd/ ; https://trendlyne.com/equity/asm-status/97147/E2E/e2e-networks-ltd/ ; https://trendlyne.com/share-price/performance/97147/E2E/e2e-networks-ltd/ ; https://trendlyne.com/equity/insider-trading-sast/all/E2E/97147/e2e-networks-ltd/ ; https://trendlyne.com/equity/bulk-block-deals/E2E/97147/e2e-networks-ltd/ ; https://trendlyne.com/equity/Split/E2E/97147/e2e-networks-ltd-split/
- Voguestock, named holders Sep-2026 SHP: https://www.voguestock.in/fundamental/shareholding-pattern/e2e-networks-ltd
- MarketsMojo (Motilal Oswal), shareholding and pledge flag: https://marketsmojo.motilaloswal.com//stocks-analysis/financial-shareholding/e2e-networks-1002982-0 ; "Rated Hold" [19 Oct 2026]: https://www.marketsmojo.com/news/stock-recommendation/e2e-networks-ltd-is-rated-hold-by-marketsmojo-4230270
- Emkay Global, shareholding (category trend; named holders stale; CIN shown is Emkay's own): https://www.emkayglobal.com/company-info/shareholding/e2e-networks-ltd
- Groww (MF schemes, 52-week range): https://groww.in/stocks/ee-networks-ltd ; Tickertape (returns, volatility, FII history): https://www.tickertape.in/stocks/e2e-networks-EENE
- Bajaj Finserv shareholding (L&T 16.57%): https://www.bajajfinserv.in/investments/e2e-share-price ; Sharpely forecast (none active): https://sharpely.in/stocks/e2e/forecast
- TradingView forecast (one analyst, Rs 606): https://in.tradingview.com/symbols/NSE-E2E/forecast-price-target/ ; MarketScreener quote: https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/E2E-NETWORKS-LIMITED-43371380/
- GoodReturns bulk deals: https://www.goodreturns.in/company/e2e-networks/bulkdeals.html
- Chittorgarh, E2E SME IPO [May 2018]: https://www.chittorgarh.com/ipo_subscription/e2e-networks-ipo/865/
- Startup Atlas, Jarvis Labs: https://lapaasvoice.com/startup/jarvis-labs-ai-private-limited/funding/
- Stockfin.ai, 31 Aug 2026 announcement: https://www.stockfin.ai/news/E2E/2026-08-31/announcement
News and commentary
- Free Press Journal, Q2 FY27 [16 Oct 2026]: https://www.freepressjournal.in/business/e2e-networks-q2-fy27-revenue-jumps-to-2238-mn-pat-rises-to-727-mn-signs-1000-cr-ai-deal
- Inc42: Q2 FY27 [16 Oct 2026] https://inc42.com/buzz/e2e-networks-swings-to-%E2%82%B973-cr-profit-in-q2-revenue-jumps-411-yoy/ ; Q1 FY27 [Jul 2026] https://inc42.com/buzz/e2e-networks-reports-₹44-cr-profit-in-q1-revenue-zooms-3-3x-yoy/ ; BSE debut [12 Jun 2026] https://inc42.com/?p=561146 ; Rs 177 cr order [3 Sep 2025] https://inc42.com/buzz/e2e-networks-gets-inr-177-cr-order-from-indiaai-mission-to-allocate-gpus/ ; Inside L&T Vyoma [13 Aug 2026] https://inc42.com/features/inside-lt-vyomas-plan-to-build-indias-ai-infrastructure-giant/
- DSIJ: capacity addition, FIIs nearly double [26 Oct 2026] https://insights.dsij.in/dsijarticledetail/ai-stock-hits-upper-circuit-after-announcing-nvidia-gpu-expansion-plans-fiis-nearly-double-their-stake ; L&T 18.45% [19 Jun 2026] https://insights.dsij.in/dsijarticledetail/larsen-toubro-gains-rs-76625246-in-single-day-session-as-e2e-networks-hits-5-upper-circuit-dii-stake-increases-id021-57871 (also /mr/ mirror) ; B200 procurement [9 Jan 2026] https://insights.dsij.in/dsijarticledetail/larsen-toubro-backed-ai-company-announces-procurement-of-nvidia-b200-gpu-clusters-in-chennai-id001-54639 ; L&T-Vyoma MoU [21 Feb 2026] https://insights.dsij.in/dsijarticledetail/e2e-networks-limited-signs-memorandum-of-understanding-with-larsen-toubro-vyoma-to-partner-in-scaling-gpu-cloud-infrastructure-id001-55496
- Whalesbook: 5.4 MW [26 Oct 2026] https://www.whalesbook.com/corporate-news/English/technology/E2E-Networks-Plans-54-MW-GPU-Expansion-With-NVIDIA-Blackwell-Chips/6adf138bc6c6dccbb906fdb9 ; upper circuit https://www.whalesbook.com/news/English/technology/E2E-Networks-Shares-Hit-5percent-Upper-Circuit-on-GPU-Expansion-Plan/6adf1b1c4fc30694db4c8e2a (Hinglish: https://www.whalesbook.com/news/Hinglish/technology/E2E-Networks-Shares-Hit-5percent-Upper-Circuit-on-GPU-Expansion-Plan/6adf1b1c4fc30694db4c8e2a) ; AGM resolutions [Sep 2026] https://www.whalesbook.com/corporate-news/English/technology/E2E-Networks-AGM-Shareholders-Consider-Fundraising-Management-Pay-and-Strategic-Expansion/6aba3886f2017017ae732a06
- Sahi: 5.4 MW [26 Oct 2026] https://www.sahi.com/news/e2e-networks-expands-capacity-by-5-4-mw-for-nvidia-hgx-b300-systems ; Rs 1,500 cr raise and Rs 1,000 cr deal [31 Aug 2026] https://www.sahi.com/news/e2e-networks-approves-1-500-crore-fundraise-and-secures-1-000-crore-nvidia-blackwell-deal-4761-PE1_COR
- EquityPandit, 5.4 MW [26 Oct 2026]: https://www.equitypandit.com/e2e-networks-plans-5-4-mw-expansion-for-ai-computing/
- ScanX: director resigns, L&T nominee [Oct 2026] https://scanx.trade/stock-market-news/companies/e2e-networks-director-resigns-l-t-proposes-new-nominee/53367679 ; fundraise up to Rs 1,500 cr https://scanx.trade/stock-market-news/companies/e2e-networks-board-approves-fundraise-up-1500-crore/49711309 ; Rs 177 cr order and Jarvis Labs [Sep 2025] https://scanx.trade/stock-market-news/orders-deals/e2e-networks-secures-177-crore-ai-infrastructure-order-from-meity-acquires-jarvis-labs-ai-assets/18361492
- Multibagg.ai: QIP floor price https://www.multibagg.ai/market-pulse/articles/e2e-networks-qip-floor-price-cmth0y03s000535mtzwckwysy ; hold or sell (Rs 606, polls) [6 Aug 2026] https://www.multibagg.ai/market-pulse/articles/e2e-networks-hold-sell-target-cmshdgjx600w80zlghr5b080u ; Blackwell deal risks [Sep 2026] https://www.multibagg.ai/market-pulse/articles/e2e-networks-blackwell-deal-risks-cmtic4cet00022voao7pi8bhr
- Business Standard: L&T 21% deal [5 Nov 2024] https://www.business-standard.com/companies/news/l-t-to-acquire-21-stake-in-ai-cloud-firm-e2e-network-in-rs-1-327-cr-deal-124110500432_1.html ; Kacholia stock up 1,645% [5 Nov 2024] https://www.business-standard.com/amp/markets/news/ashish-kacholia-portfolio-stock-up-1645-in-15-months-l-t-to-buy-21-stake-124110500257_1.html ; Rs 177 cr order [3 Sep 2025] https://www.business-standard.com/markets/capital-market-news/e2e-networks-jumps-after-receiving-order-worth-rs-177-cr-from-meity-125090300234_1.html and https://www.business-standard.com/markets/news/e2e-networks-locks-in-10-upper-circuit-on-bagging-deal-worth-nse-nifty50-market-125090300428_1.html ; Rs 1,000 cr raise plan [29 Sep 2025] https://www.business-standard.com/amp/markets/capital-market-news/e2e-networks-drops-on-plan-to-raise-rs-1-000-crore-125092900584_1.html ; Q2 FY26 loss [11 Nov 2025] https://www.business-standard.com/amp/markets/capital-market-news/e2e-networks-slips-after-recording-loss-of-rs-13-5-crore-in-q2-125111100921_1.html ; CFO change / Q4 FY25 [17 Apr 2025] https://www.business-standard.com/amp/markets/capital-market-news/e2e-networks-rallies-after-pat-soars-to-rs-13-61-cr-in-q4-fy25-125041700613_1.html ; QIP launch [26 Feb 2026] https://www.business-standard.com/amp/markets/capital-market-news/e2e-networks-rises-after-launching-qip-issue-for-raising-capital-126022600282_1.html ; share price page https://www.business-standard.com/markets/e2e-networks-ltd-share-price-72373.html
- Business Today: NVIDIA rally [18 Feb 2026] https://www.businesstoday.in/amp/markets/stocks/story/why-e2e-networks-share-price-rose-today-india-ai-impact-summit-2026-516692-2026-02-18 ; split, up 41% in 15 days [23 Apr 2026] https://www.businesstoday.in/amp/markets/stocks/story/upcoming-stock-split-lt-backed-share-up-41-in-15-days-ratio-declared-record-date-later-527135-2026-04-23 ; D&B initiation [11 Jun 2025] https://www.businesstoday.in/amp/markets/stocks/story/iex-welspun-living-among-5-stocks-that-saw-brokerage-initiations-with-up-to-33-upside-479896-2025-06-11
- Kotak Neo, split record date [Jun 2026]: https://www.kotakneo.com/news/stocks/e2e-networks-stock-split-june-5-record-date-q4fy26-results-ai/
- Angel One: NVIDIA summit https://oga-prod.angelone.in/news/market-updates/india-ai-impact-summit-nvidia-to-expand-india-ai-factories-and-sovereign-cloud-collaborations-partners-with-l-t-e2e ; QIP floor [25 Feb 2026] https://www.angelone.in/news/stocks/e2e-networks-launches-qip-at-2630-floor-price ; L&T 15% [Dec 2024] https://www.angelone.in/news/share-market/l-and-t-acquires-fifteen-percent-stake-in-e-two-e-networks-via-preferential-allotment ; Q1 FY27 upper circuit [21 Jul 2026] https://www.angelone.in/news/stocks/e2e-networks-share-price-hits-5-upper-circuit-as-revenue-rises-334-in-q1fy27
- Arihant Capital: NVIDIA clarification [18 Feb 2026] https://www.arihantcapital.com/company-information/companynewsdetails/25049010179 ; QIP launch [26 Feb 2026] https://www.arihantcapital.com/company-information/companynewsdetails/25057010050 ; Q4 FY26 upper circuit [21 Apr 2026] https://www.arihantcapital.com/company-information/companynewsdetails/25111010097
- HDFC Sky: NVIDIA 20% jump [18 Feb 2026] https://hdfcsky.com/news/e2e-networks-share-price-jump-rs-3068-20-on-nvidia-collaboration-announcement ; price-band hitters [23 Jun 2026] https://hdfcsky.com/news/price-band-hitters-of-june-23-2026-e2e-networks-sadhana-nitro-chem-empower-india-lead-the-list ; rupee https://hdfcsky.com/news/rupee-falls-11-paise-to-close-at-95-55-against-us-dollar
- Chola Securities, NVIDIA clarification [Feb 2026]: https://www.cholasecurities.com/news/hot-pursuit/e2e-networks-clarifies-nvidia-tie-up-says-no-new-deal-beyond-earlier-disclosure/1678559
- TipRanks: QIP https://www.tipranks.com/news/company-announcements/e2e-networks-raises-capital-via-qip-to-institutional-investors ; Nov 2025 board (Jarvis APA) https://www.tipranks.com/news/company-announcements/e2e-networks-reports-financial-loss-and-strategic-moves-in-latest-board-meeting
- L&T deal coverage: L&T press release [5 Nov 2024] https://larsentoubro.com/media/kssf4zsp/2024-11-05-lt-announces-strategic-partnership-with-e2e-networks-to-accelerate-cloud-and-ai-innovation-for-indian-enterprises.pdf ; Outlook Business https://www.outlookbusiness.com/corporate/lt-to-acquire-21-stake-in-e2e-networks-for-rs-1407-crore ; Venture Intelligence https://news.ventureintelligence.com/private-equity/l%26t-to-acquire-21%25-stake-in-cloud-services-provider-e2e-networks-for-rs.1%2C407-cr ; Entrepreneur India https://india.entrepreneur.com/news-and-trends/lt-to-acquire-21-stake-in-e2e-networks-for-inr-1407-cr/482434 ; IndiaInfoline https://www.indiainfoline.com/news/companies/larsen-toubro-picks-up-15-stake-in-cloud-player-e2e-networks ; The Machine Maker https://themachinemaker.com/news/lt-completes-acquisition-of-15-stake-in-cloud-firm-e2e-networks/ ; MarketScreener (L&T secondary) https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/E2E-NETWORKS-LIMITED-43371380/news/Larsen-Toubro-Limited-agreed-to-acquire-7-stake-in-E2E-Networks-Limited-from-Tarun-Dua-for-INR-3-48261117/ ; Basis Point Insight [16 May 2025] https://www.basispointinsight.com/Story/larsen---toubro-raises-stake-in-e2e-networks-to-nearly-19-_a004a550aa62.html
- Benzinga, Kacholia allotment [Sep 2024]: https://in.benzinga.com/content/40435297/ashish-kacholia-picks-up-stake-in-this-small-cap-stock ; Bar & Bench, JSA on the QIP [6 Mar 2026]: https://www.barandbench.com/amp/story/law-firms/dealstreet/jsa-acts-on-e2e-networks-107-crore-qip
- LetsDataScience: BSE debut https://letsdatascience.com/news/e2e-networks-debuts-on-bse-mainboard-with-2056-cr-shares-f1b70c44 ; L&T Together AI order https://letsdatascience.com/news/lt-wins-order-for-10000-gpu-together-ai-factory-37b337a9
- DCD, 1,024 B200 for Chennai [Jan 2026; 403, via snippet]: https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/e2e-networks-acquires-1024-nvidia-b200-gpu-cluster-for-chennai-data-center/ ; NVIDIA blog, India AI infrastructure [23 Oct 2024]: https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/india-ai-infrastructure
- TradeBrains, Rs 8.49 cr L&T order [2 Jan 2026]: https://tradebrains.in/e2e-networks-stock-surges-after-bagging-an-order-from-larsen-toubro ; Sharekhan, fund raise [31 Aug 2026]: https://www.sharekhan.com/news/stock/details/e2e-networks-board-approves-fund-raise/SK ; NewsBytes [Aug 2026]: https://www.newsbytesapp.com/news/business/e2e-networks-approves-up-to-rs1500cr-raise-for-ai-infrastructure/tldr ; Kalkine, sovereign deal explained: https://www.kalkine.co.in/article/technology/e2e-networks-1000-crore-sovereign-ai-deal-what-it-means-for-indias-gpu-cloud-race ; Goodreturns, split / Q4 FY26 [Apr 2026]: https://www.goodreturns.in/personal-finance/e2e-networks-approves-1-10-stock-split-reports-184-revenue-growth-but-53-profit-decline-in-q4-1503379.html ; GBNodes, price increase explainer: https://gbnodes.host/blogs/e2e-networks-price-increase-2026-explained/
- The Ken (Mrunmayee Kulkarni), "L&T's Rs 15,000 cr bet with Nvidia is a gut punch to a struggling E2E" [17 Aug 2026; paywalled]: https://the-ken.com/story/lts-rs-15000-cr-bet-with-nvidia-is-a-gut-punch-to-a-struggling-e2e/
Industry, policy, peers and competitors
- IndiaAI: Inc42 Round 1 L1 bidders [2 Apr 2025] https://inc42.com/buzz/reliance-jio-other-gpu-l1-bidders-in-indiaai-mission-to-get-workloads-soon/ ; Round 2 [May 2025] https://inc42.com/buzz/indiaai-mission-all-7-shortlisted-companies-clear-technical-round-for-gpu-tender/ ; Round 3 https://inc42.com/buzz/indiaai-to-add-over-3800-gpus-via-third-tender-report/ ; Communications Today Round 4 [9 Apr 2026] https://www.communicationstoday.co.in/nine-firms-clear-indiaai-gpu-tender-raise-concerns-over-soaring-costs/ and capacity gap [1 Oct 2026] https://www.communicationstoday.co.in/indiaai-mission-faces-gap-between-capacity-and-deployed-gpus/ ; Business Standard global firms [11 Oct 2026] https://www.business-standard.com/technology/tech-news/successful-gpu-bidders-likely-to-offer-compute-capacity-to-global-firms-126101100603_1.html , Blackwell round [Jan 2026] https://www.business-standard.com/industry/news/govt-likely-to-open-bids-to-onboard-nearly-12-000-15-000-nvidia-gpus-126010801270_1.html , draft AI regulation [8 Oct 2026] https://www.business-standard.com/amp/technology/artificial-intelligence/govt-to-release-draft-ai-regulation-paper-within-30-days-ashwini-vaishnaw-126100801183_1.html ; BW Businessworld / EE Times 20,000 GPUs [17-18 Feb 2026] https://www.businessworld.in/article/indiaai-mission-to-expand-compute-with-20-000-more-gpus-ashwini-vaishnaw-592651 and https://www.eetimes.com/india-to-add-20000-gpus-as-ai-mission-2-0-expands-compute-and-chip-push/ ; DD News / PIB [Oct 2025] https://ddnews.gov.in/en/transforming-india-with-ai-rs-10300-crore-mission-38000-gpus-a-vision-for-inclusive-growth/ ; ICAI AI third tender https://ai.icai.org/articles_details.php?id=258 ; X (Prasanna Viswanathan) https://x.com/prasannavishy/status/2019255596365893991
- Market sizing: IDC [9 Jul 2025] https://www.idc.com/resource-center/press-releases/indian-public-cloud-services-market-to-reach-30-4-billion-by-2029-growing-at-22-6-cagr-idc/ ; MarketsandMarkets https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/geography/gpu-server-market/India ; Tribune (1,575 MW) [Aug 2026] https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/business/indias-data-centre-capacity-grows-over-four-fold-to-1575-mw-since-2020/ ; Energetica (12 GW) https://www.energetica-india.net/news/india-data-centre-capacity-to-reach-12-gw-by-2030-as-ai-digital-economy-drive-power-demand ; Punjab Kesari (10.5 GW) https://english.punjabkesari.com/india/indias-data-centre-capacity-likely-to-surge-nearly-sixfold-to-105-gw-by-fy31/ ; Deccan Herald (5 GW) https://www.deccanherald.com/amp/story/business%2Fai-led-demand-to-triple-data-centre-capacity-to-5-gw-by-2030-4018430 ; IANS (+30% 2026) [1 Apr 2026] https://ianslive.in/indias-data-centre-capacity-to-grow-30-pc-in-2026-report--20260401141412
- Policy: Business Today, Budget DC tax holiday [4 Feb 2026] https://www.businesstoday.in/amp/latest/corporate/story/budget-2026-govt-clarifies-data-centre-tax-holiday-sets-conditions-for-foreign-cloud-firms-514565-2026-02-04 ; DPDP Rules https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Personal_Data_Protection_Rules,_2025 and https://www.tcsa.in/resources/dpdp-rules-2025-implementation-roadmap ; PLI review https://www.angelone.in/news/economy/meity-likely-to-assess-it-hardware-pli-scheme-after-rise-in-payouts and https://tele.net.in/centre-to-revise-pli-2-0-incentives-in-view-of-high-gpu-prices-and-ai-server-technology/ ; US export controls [Aug 2026] https://effectstory.com/en/data/us-ai-chip-export-controls-2026 ; rupee (PTI) https://www.newkerala.com/news/a/rupee-rises-32-paise-as-forex-measures-lower-607.htm
- Hyperscaler pledges, IANS [10 Dec 2025]: https://ianslive.in/amazon-microsoft-google-bet-big-on-india-with-massive-675-billion-investments--20251210143735
- Peers: FPJ Netweb Q2 FY27 [24 Oct 2026] https://www.freepressjournal.in/business/netweb-technologies-reports-strong-q2-fy27-pat-up-3348-to-1367-crore-revenue-grows-3357 ; ScanX Netweb FY26 https://scanx.trade/stock-market-news/companies/netweb-technologies-reports-exceptional-fy26-performance-with-revenue-growth-and-strong-profitability/39288240 ; Sahi Tata Communications Q2 FY27 [15 Oct 2026] https://www.sahi.com/news/tata-communications-q2fy27-revenue-rises-10-to-66-9-billion-as-ebitda-margin-reaches-21-3 ; GlobeNewswire Sify Q1 FY27 [15 Jul 2026] https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2026/07/15/3327600/29606/en/sify-reports-consolidated-financial-results-for-q1-fy-2026-27.html ; Sify Infinit Spaces IPO https://www.voicendata.com/data-centre/sebi-greenlights-sify-infinit-spaces-data-centre-ipo-11034993 and https://www.chittorgarh.com/ipo/sify-infinit-spaces-ipo/2781/ ; CoreWeave Q2 2026 [11 Aug 2026] https://www.nasdaq.com/press-release/coreweave-reports-strong-second-quarter-2026-results-2026-08-11 ; CoreWeave debt [16-20 Oct 2026] https://www.cnbc.com/2026/10/20/coreweave-debt-janus-henderson-lloyd.html and https://fortune.com/2026/10/16/coreweave-debt-leases-profit-revenue-stock/ ; Nebius Q2 2026 https://quartr.com/events/nebius-group-n-v-nbis-q2-2026_ozKEzQzr and https://rivkin.com.au/?p=37370 ; Lambda [6 Oct 2026] https://techcrunch.com/2026/10/06/ai-computing-startup-lambda-to-raise-4b-ahead-of-planned-ipo/
- Competitors: Infinyte, Yotta https://infinyte.substack.com/p/yottas-sovereign-compute-bet ; Kotak Neo, Yotta IPO https://www.kotakneo.com/news/ipos/yotta-data-services-ipo-rs-6000-8000-crore-ai-infrastructure/ ; Reliance AGM 2026 [Jun 2026] https://www.freepressjournal.in/amp/business/reliance-agm-2026-120-mw-ai-infrastructure-by-year-end-ambani-unveils-indias-sovereign-ai-vision and https://www.republicworld.com/business/jio-reliance-intelligence-sovereign-ai-nvidia-infrastructure-call-agent-2026-06-19-129041 ; Blackstone, Neysa [16 Feb 2026] https://www.blackstone.com/news/press/blackstone-leads-funding-of-over-1-billion-to-neysa-to-work-towards-building-indias-leading-ai-infrastructure-platform/ ; NxtGen https://letsdatascience.com/news/nxtgen-deploys-sovereign-ai-factory-with-vertiv-c91e446a and https://inc42.com/startups/nxtgen-bets-on-full-stack-ai-and-not-just-gpus/ ; RackBank [Oct 2024] https://datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/rackbank-announces-80mw-madya-pradesh-data-center-in-india ; CtrlS https://ipocentral.in/data-centre-operator-ctrls-initiates-ipo-talks/ and https://www.icra.in/Rating/ShowRationalReportFilePdfViewer/146131 ; CoreWeave India with AdaniConneX [6-7 Oct 2026] https://coreweave.com/news/coreweave-enters-india-expanding-ai-cloud-platform-with-adaniconnex
- GPU pricing and quality: SemiAnalysis ClusterMAX 2.0, E2E review [6 Nov 2025] https://clustermax.semianalysis.com/cloudreview/e2enetworks and overview https://clustermax.semianalysis.com/v2 ; indices https://akash.network/the-bid/h100-rental-price-2026-cost-per-hour/ ; https://data.ornn.com/markets/b200 ; https://www.silicondata.com/products/silicon-index/b200 ; https://uvik.net/blog/gpu-price-index/ ; SiliconANGLE, GPU depreciation lives [22 Nov 2025] https://siliconangle.com/2025/11/22/resetting-gpu-depreciation-ai-factories-bend-dont-break-useful-life-assumptions/ ; SiliconANGLE, neocloud drop [14 Oct 2026] https://siliconangle.com/2026/10/14/shares-of-oracle-neoclouds-drop-on-coreweave-debt-concerns/ ; 24/7 Wall St [16 Oct 2026] https://247wallst.com/investing/2026/10/16/coreweave-and-nebius-sink-9-as-sentiment-index-closes-in-on-extreme-fear/
Independent analysts, forums and social
- Dalal & Broacha, 3QFY26 result update [17 Jan 2026]: https://www.dalalbroacha.com/ClientPortal/Reports/Research/0a5ca578-dc72-49ee-ac34-a25cc0bc4dbb.pdf
- Scribd, "E2E Network 03Jul25" (ADD, Rs 3,245): https://www.scribd.com/document/899628747/E2E-Network-03Jul25 ; Univest analyst review [4 Jun 2026]: https://univest.in/blogs/e2e-networks-share-analyst-review-2026
- Dhruva Pandey: AR review [8 Sep 2026] https://dhruva.substack.com/p/e2e-networks-annual-report-what-tarun ; Q4 FY26 [22 Apr 2026] https://dhruva.substack.com/p/e2e-networks-q4-fy26-the-ai-haves ; "The GPU Boom Is Real. Are the Returns?" [12 Oct 2026] https://dhruva.substack.com/p/e2e-networks-the-gpu-boom-is-real
- PRAVI Wealth [16 Oct 2026]: https://praviwealth.substack.com/p/e2e-networks-the-ai-infrastructure ; Karan Shah, "India's GPU Gladiator" [14 Sep 2025]: https://karanshah137.substack.com/p/indias-gpu-gladiator-how-e2e-networks ; Aditya Shah on X [Feb 2025]: https://x.com/AdityaD_Shah/status/1889271319398867243
- ValuePickr thread 19083 (posts Jan-Oct 2026): https://forum.valuepickr.com/t/e2e-networks-ltd-listed-small-cloud-computing-player/19083
Gap ledger: searched and undisclosed
| # | Gap | Searched | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| G-1 | Composition of the Rs 129.81 cr OCL rise | Q2 results, deck, PR, transcript, CARE MAR | Undisclosed; FY27 AR will show it |
| G-2 | Sovereign counterparty name and billing profile | Reg 30, PR, Q2 call | Undisclosed by design |
| G-3 | Cost, timeline, location, GPU count of the 5.4 MW addition | Capacity filing, Q2 call, deck | Undisclosed |
| G-4 | Promoters' Reg 31(1) encumbrance form (Dec 2024) | NSE (404), BSE (listed Jun 2026) | Not retrieved; NDU established from L&T filings and the 2 Feb 2025 clarification |
| G-5 | PIT disclosures for Shailly Dua's and Tarun Dua's sales | NSE corporates-pit (empty for the window) | Inconclusive; BSE PIT not checked |
| G-6 | Utilisation, contracted share, top-1 / top-5 customers | AR Note 34, decks, four transcripts | Undisclosed ("point-in-time") |
| G-7 | Lender-wise borrowings, repayment schedule beyond 12 months | AR Notes 14, 31; Q2 results | Undisclosed; MCA charges not primary-checked |
| G-8 | Bank guarantee behind the Rs 8.98 cr lien FD | AR Notes 10, 37 | Undisclosed |
| G-9 | Delaware subsidiary status and capital | NSE/BSE feed; Q2 consolidation | Not filed, not consolidated |
| G-10 | The Ken article content | Company clarification | Paywalled |
| G-11 | Stamp-duty writ filing date | Reg 30 filings 19 May, 27 Jul 2026 | Not stated |
| G-12 | Explanation of H1 FY27 cash-flow mismatches | Q2 results PDF p.4-5 | Not explained |
| Other | Delhi NCR / Mumbai landlords; server OEM; 29 Jan 2026 resignation filing (Fafadia); Aditya Bhushan's category; Varun Rajda's letter; ages of Munjal and Prashant Jain; pre-FY23 auditor; ATS Services and Constellation BLU links; Mukesh Kumar Raheja relationship; ESOP pool at Sep-26; Apr-2025 "3,700 GPUs" definition; Reddit / X / YouTube sentiment | AR, BRSR, filings, searches | Open |